Version 24.2.9064

• Configuration in Apache Tomcat
  • Deploy the WAR File
  • Configure the Java Authentication and Service (JAAS)
    • Create the Login Module
    • Create (or Modify) the JAASRealm Module
    • Make the Login Module Visible
  • Configure Data Directory Permissions
  • Login Lockouts
• Configuration in WebSphere
  • Configure the WebSphere Class Loader
  • Configure the Java Authentication and Service (JAAS)
  • Configure Data Directory Permissions
• Configuration in Jetty
  • Deploy the WAR File
  • Configure the Java Authentication and Service (JAAS)
    • Add the JAAS Module
    • Create the Login Module
    • Update the Security Handler
  • Configure Data Directory Permissions
• Configure the Application Directory
• Configure the Application Database

The CData Sync installation includes a WAR file that can be deployed to any Java servlet container like Apache Tomcat, Eclipse Jetty, or IBM WebSphere. Deploying to an external Java servlet container requires Servlet 3.0 (Jetty 8+, Tomcat 7+, WebSphere 8+, and so on).

Configuration in Apache Tomcat

Deploy the WAR File

You have two options for deploying a WAR file to Tomcat.

• Copy the WAR file into the webapps folder.

• Deploy the WAR file from within the management console in Tomcat. The Apache Tomcat documentation covers this method in more detail. See the documentation for your version of Tomcat.

It is possible that the WAR file might exceed the default maximum size that is allowed for file uploads in Tomcat. To overcome errors during deployment, you can edit the web.xml file of the manager application to allow larger files. Depending on your Tomcat configuration, this file might reside in /usr/share/tomcat7-admin/manager/WEB-INF or in another similar directory. In this file, you can change the size, in bytes, of the maximum allowed file size. For example, to allow deployment of a 200-MB WAR file, edit the following values to change the maximum allowed file size:

<multipart-config>
     <!-- 200-MB max -->
  <max-file-size>209715200</max-file-size>
  <max-request-size>209715200</max-request-size>
  <file-size-threshold>0</file-size-threshold>
</multipart-config>

Configure the Java Authentication and Service (JAAS)

To enable Sync to manage users dynamically within the application, you must configure the JAAS as described in the following subsections.

Create the Login Module

Create a JAAS configuration file with the name jaas.config in this folder: $CATALINA_BASE/conf/.

Include the following content in jaas.config to use standard authentication:

Sync {
  sync.LoginModule required;
};

If you want to use LDAP or Windows Active Directory to authenticate users, add this content instead:

Sync {
  com.sun.security.auth.module.LdapLoginModule REQUIRED
    userProvider="ldaps://ab1cdef234.wfsaas.net:636/CN=Users,DC=example,DC=com"
    authIdentity="{USERNAME}@example.com"
    userFilter="(&(|(samAccountName={USERNAME})(userPrincipalName={USERNAME})(cn={USERNAME}))(objectClass=user))"
    useSSL=false;
  sync.LoginModule optional;
};

In this example, you should modify the values for the userProvider, authIdentity, and userFilter attributes to suit your environment.

Create (or Modify) the JAASRealm Module

Create a context for Sync by creating (or modifying, if it is present) the configuration XML file that is located here:

$CATALINA_BASE/conf/Catalina/localhost/sync.xml

Note: Depending on how Tomcat is configured, this path might be slightly different. In this example, Catalina refers to the engine name, and localhost is the host name that is defined in server.xml.

Define a <Context> block and add a <Realm> element as shown below:

<Context>
  <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JAASRealm" appName="Sync"
    userClassNames="sync.SimplePrincipal"
    roleClassNames="sync.GroupPrincipal" />
</Context>

Then, update the <Host> element in the server.xml configuration file for the Tomcat server by setting the copyXML attribute to true, as shown below:

<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARS="true" autoDeploy="true" copyXML="true">
  ...
</Host>

Make the Login Module Visible

The Java virtual machine (JVM) must be directed to the login module (jaas.config) for the configuration to be visible. Set the java.security.auth.login.config system property on the JVM to the path of the jaas.config file. To do so, append the following line to the $CATALINA_BASE/conf/catalina.properties file:

java.security.auth.login.config=${catalina.base}/conf/jaas.config

Configure Data Directory Permissions

Give the user of the process that runs the Java servlet container Read/Write access to the data directory in the appropriate location, as follows:

• Windows: C:\ProgramData\CData\Sync\

• Linux: ~/cdata/sync

Restart the Tomcat server for the changes to take effect. You can now log in to the application.

Login Lockouts

Sync automatically locks out users who enter incorrect passwords too many times in order to prevent brute-force attacks. By default, a user who enters six incorrect passwords within five minutes is locked out for thirty minutes.

You can modify the lockout settings by editing the XML configuration file that governs the web-server behavior. These three settings are relevant to lockouts:

• LockoutFailedAttempts - the number of incorrect passwords that trigger a lockout. Set LockoutFailedAttempts to 0 to disable lockouts.

• LockoutMinutes - the duration of the lockout. The default duration is thirty minutes.

• LockoutTimeCheckPeriod - the period after which the number of failed attempts is reset to 0. The default period is five minutes.

The syntax for editing the lockout settings in the Tomcat sync.xml file is the following:

<Context>
  <Parameter name="LockoutFailedAttempts" value="0" />
</Context>  

Configuration in WebSphere

Configure the WebSphere Class Loader

For WebSphere to load the application resources correctly, you must follow these steps:

1. Within WebSphere, navigate to Application > Application Types > WebSphere enterprise applications.

2. Select Sync.

3. Select Class loading and update detection.

4. Choose Classes loaded with local class loader first (parent last).

5. Choose Single class loader for application.

6. Click OK. Then click Save.

Configure the Java Authentication and Service (JAAS)

The following process is required to configure the JAAS and to enable Sync to manage users dynamically in the WebSphere Application Server:

1. Deploy Sync:

   1. Enable application security (navigate to Security > Global security > Enable application security).

   2. Add the custom login module to the system login, as follows:

      1. Navigate to Security > Global security > Java Authentication and Authorization Service > System logins > WEB_INBOUND. Click New to add a new entry named sync.LoginModule. Note that the sync.LoginModule must appear before com.ibm.ws.security.server.lm.ltpaLoginModule.

      2. Select the Use login module proxy check box.

      3. Select OPTIONAL under Authentication strategy.

      4. Add isWebSphere under Custom properties and set it to true.

2. Create groups:

   1. Navigate to Users and Groups > Manage Groups > Create.

   2. Create cdata_admin, cdata_standard, and cdata_support groups.

3. Map groups to roles:

   1. Navigate to Applications > Application Types > WebSphere enterprise applications > sync_war > Security role to user/group mapping.

   2. Map the cdata_admin group to the cdata_admin role.

   3. Map the cdata_standard group to the cdata_standard role.

   4. Map the cdata_support group to the cdata_support role.

   5. Map All Authenticated in Application’s Realm to the cdata_user role.

4. Set the com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.AllowQueryParamWithNoEqual property to true:

   1. Navigate to Server > Server Types > Web Sphere Application Servers and select the server on which Sync is hosted.

   2. Select Container Settings > Web Container Settings > Web Container.

   3. Select Additional Properties > Custom Properties.

   4. Add this new property: com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.AllowQueryParamWithNoEqual

   5. Set the value to true.

5. Restart WebSphere.

Configure Data Directory Permissions

Give the user of the process that runs the Java servlet container Read/Write access to the data directory:

• Windows: C:\ProgramData\CData\Sync\

• Linux: ~/cdata/sync

Restart the WebSphere server for the changes to take effect. You can now log into the application.

Configuration in Jetty

Although Sync comes with an embedded Jetty web server, you can also use the application with an external Jetty setup.

Deploy the WAR File

Copy the WAR file into Jetty’s webapps folder.

Configure the Java Authentication and Service (JAAS)

To configure the JAAS and to enable Sync to manage application users, you must perform the steps that are described in the following subsections.

Add the JAAS Module

Submit the following command to install the JAAS module:

java -jar {JETTY_HOME}/start.jar --add-to-start=jaas

Create the Login Module

Create a login configuration file with the name login.config in this folder: {JETTY_BASE}/etc/login.conf

Place the following content in the login.config file:

Sync {
    sync.LoginModule required debug=true;
};

Update the Security Handler

The Security Handler configuration is in the sync.xml configuration file. Modify the securityHandler block as follows:

<Set name="securityHandler">
  <New class="org.eclipse.jetty.security.ConstraintSecurityHandler">
   <Set name="loginService">
     <New class="org.eclipse.jetty.jaas.JAASLoginService">
          <!-- This name is the same as **login-config > realm-name** in web.xml.  -->
       <Set name="name">SyncRealm</Set>
          <!-- LoginModuleName must match the name of your LoginModule, as declared in your login-module configuration file. -->
       <Set name="loginModuleName">Sync</Set>
       <!-- Set the principal class name for the custom role. -->
       <Set name="roleClassNames">
           <Array type="java.lang.String">
             <Item>sync.GroupPrincipal</Item>
           </Array>
         </Set>
     </New>
   </Set>
  </New>
</Set>

Configure Data Directory Permissions

Give the user of the process that runs the Java servlet container Read/Write access to the data directory:

• Windows: C:\ProgramData\CData\Sync\

• Linux: ~/cdata/sync

Restart the Jetty server for the changes to take effect. You can now log into the application.

Configure the Application Directory

The Sync ApplicationDirectory folder contains all the data that is used by the application: configuration data, application data, logging data, certificates, and so on. The default location of ApplicationDirectory depends on whether Sync is hosted via the embedded web server or via an external Java servlet container.

When Sync is hosted in an external Java servlet container, ApplicationDirectory is relative to the home directory of the user who is running the server:

~/sync

In this path, ‘~’ resolves to the home directory of the user who is running the server that hosts the application.

You can configure the ApplicationDirectory folder, which is useful in a variety of scenarios:

• clustering multiple instances of Sync

• using a shared network drive for application data

• embedding Sync within other systems that access the same folders

Changing ApplicationDirectory moves the application’s data files. However, it does not move other application resources like EXE files, JAR files, and so on. These resources are held in the InstallationDirectory folder, which might be the same as ApplicationDirectory, but the location of those resources does not change if ApplicationDirectory is changed.

When you use Sync with an external Java servlet (any server other than the Jetty server that is included with the application), the details of configuring the application data directory depend upon the specific servlet that is used. Using the syntax that is appropriate for the specific servlet, the AppDirectory environment variable must be set to the path of the directory that you want.

If Sync can locate the AppDirectory path and it has the appropriate permissions to read and write at that path, it creates the data folder within the specified directory.

Configure the Application Database

The Sync application database stores several tables of application data, including the following:

• Jobs

• Tasks

• Connections

• History (both Jobs and Tasks)

• Application Log (application-level errors and events)

• Audit Log (user-made changes to the Sync configuration)

By default, Sync uses a Derby database that resides in ApplicationDirectory as the application database. However, you can configure the application to use an enterprise database like SQL Server, PostgreSQL, or MySQL.

When you use Sync with an external Java servlet (any server other than the Jetty server that is included with the application), the details for configuring the application database depend upon the specific servlet that is used. Using the syntax that is appropriate for the specific servlet, choose either of the following approaches to use when you configure the server:

• Define a JNDI data source to include the connection properties for the target database.

• Set the APP_DB environment variable to a JDBC connection string.

If Sync can use the JDNI data source or the APP_DB connection string to sync to a database, it uses that database as the application database.