• Administration Guide
    • Installation
      • Linux
        • CData Virtuality Server as a Service
        • Installing CData Virtuality Studio (Linux)
        • Installing CData Virtuality ODBC (Linux)
      • Windows
        • Installing CData Virtuality Studio (Windows)
        • Installing CData Virtuality ODBC (Windows)
        • Installing CData Virtuality Server (Windows)
      • macOS
        • Installing CData Virtuality Studio (macOS)
        • Installing CData Virtuality ODBC (macOS)
      • Container Tools
        • Docker
        • Kubernetes, Openshift, and Helm
      • Massively Parallel Processing Installation and Configuration
        • MPP Sizing Recommendation
    • Configuration
      • Internal DBMS Configuration
        • Embedded PostgreSQL as Configuration Database
        • External PostgreSQL as Configuration Database
        • Backup and Recovery
          • Scheduling SQL Export Backups
      • Memory Configuration
      • Network Configuration
      • SMTP Configuration
      • Threading Options
      • HTTP Proxy
      • SSL Configuration
        • Importing SSL Certificate
        • Configuring JDBC over SSL with own Certificates
        • HTTPS Configuration & HTTP-to-HTTPS Redirect
      • Git Integration
      • Clustering
      • Cloud Agent
    • Logging & Monitoring
      • Logging and Log Files
      • Monitoring
      • Performance Monitoring
        • Web Application
        • Server-side Service
      • Log Cleaning and Housekeeping
    • CData Virtuality Server Sizing
  • User Guide
    • Introduction to CData Virtuality Server
    • Quick Start Guide
      • Getting Started
        • SaaS: Signing Up
        • On-premise: Installing on Windows
      • Connecting Your Data Sources
      • Setting Up and Connecting Sample Data
      • Connecting with JDBC
      • Connecting with REST API
      • Connecting Analytical Storage
      • Creating Views
      • Setting Up Materialization
      • Creating Replication
    • Communicating with Web Services
    • Web UI
      • Dashboard
      • Data Warehouses
      • Sources
      • Jobs, Schedules, and History
      • Code Editor
        • XML JSON Query Builder
        • CSV Query Builder
        • Running Python from the Code Editor
      • Materializations
      • Data Shop
      • Preferences
      • Role-based Web UI Restrictions
    • Connecting to CData Virtuality Server
      • REST API
        • SQL Queries
        • Errors and Warnings
        • Data Sources
        • Pagination
      • OData
      • CData Virtuality Command Line Client (DSQL)
      • Power BI
      • Python
      • Tableau
        • Connecting Tableau to CData Virtuality Server with CData Virtuality LDW Connector for Tableau
        • Connecting Tableau to CData Virtuality Server with ODBC
        • Kerberos with CData Virtuality and Tableau
          • Integration between Tableau Desktop and CData Virtuality Server
          • Integration between Tableau Server and CData Virtuality Server
      • Generic ODBC/JDBC Connection
        • JDBC Driver Installation and Connection
        • Prepared Statement
      • DBeaver
      • ADO.Net
  • Reference Guide
    • Virtual Schemas
    • SQL Support
      • Identifiers
      • Expressions
      • Criteria
      • Set Operations
      • Subqueries
      • Reserved Words
    • DML Commands
    • SQL Clauses
      • WITH Clause
      • SELECT Clause
      • FROM Clause
        • ARRAYTABLE
        • JSONTABLE
        • TEXTTABLE
        • XMLTABLE
        • OBJECTTABLE
      • WHERE Clause
      • GROUP BY Clause
      • HAVING Clause
      • ORDER BY Clause
      • LIMIT Clause
      • INTO Clause
      • OPTION Clause
        • Default Options
      • UNPIVOT Clause
      • UPSERT Clause
    • DDL Support
      • Create Table
      • Drop Table
      • Temp Tables
      • Create View
      • Alter View
      • Drop View
      • Create Procedure
      • Alter Procedure
      • Drop Procedure
      • Update Table
    • XML SELECT Command
      • Query Structure
      • Document Generation
    • Data Types
      • Supported Types
      • Type Conversions
      • Special Conversion Cases
      • Escaped Literal Syntax
    • Scalar Functions
      • Aggregate Functions
      • Array Functions
      • Choice Functions
      • Date and Time Functions
      • JSON Functions
      • Numeric Functions
      • Security Functions
      • String Functions
      • System Functions
      • Type Conversion Functions
      • XML Functions
      • Spatial Functions
      • Window Functions
    • Support for Data Quality Functions
    • Support for User-defined Functions (Non-pushdown)
    • Virtual Procedures and Procedural Language
      • Virtual Procedures
      • Procedural Language
        • Assignment Statement
        • Command Statement
        • Compound Statement
        • Control Structures
        • Declaration Statement
        • Dynamic SQL Command
        • Errors and Messages
        • Exception Handling
        • Special Variables
        • VARIADIC Procedure Parameters
        • Relational Syntax for Calling Virtual Procedures
    • Results Caching
      • Cache Hint
    • Transaction Support
      • AutoCommitTxn Execution Property
      • Updating Model Count
    • Authentication, Access Control, and Security
      • LDAP Authentication
        • Setting up LDAP Authentication
          • Version 4.9 and Above
          • Upgrading to 4.9 from an Earlier Version
          • Versions 2.1.12 - 4.8
        • LDAP Users, Roles, and Permissions
      • Access Control
        • Data Roles
          • Permissions
            • Row and Column-based Security
          • Metadata Visibility
      • Authorization
      • Kerberos Authentication
        • Configuration of JDBC Clients
          • Most JDBC Clients
          • Tableau Desktop as JDBC Client
          • dvclient.conf
          • kinit Command-line Tool
        • Configuration of ODBC Clients
        • Pre-requisites
        • Configuration of CData Virtuality Server
      • Azure Key Vault as a Credential Store
      • SSO Authentication
        • Setting Up SSO Authentication
        • Okta SSO for SaaS
    • Resource Governor
    • Controlling CData Virtuality Server Behaviour
      • Options
        • ALLOW_MULTIPLE_UNDERSCORES_IN_COLUMN_NAMES
        • AUTO_ADD_COLUMNS
        • CData Virtuality OAuth 2 Options
        • CLEANER_DAYS_TO_KEEP and CLEANER_STAGES_TO_KEEP
        • Cloud Agent Configuration
        • DATA_TRANSFER_MODE
        • ENABLE_DATA_LINEAGE
        • ENABLE_EXPLAIN_LOG_OUTPUT
        • JOB_RUN_TIMEOUT
        • MAINTENANCE
        • MAX_AUTO_INDEXES_PER_TABLE
        • MAX_DECODER_OBJECT_SIZE
        • MAX_JOB_QUEUE_SIZE
        • NAME_RESOLUTION_ORDER
        • STORE_QUERY_PLANS
        • TEXT_TABLE_MAX_WIDTH
        • WEB_BUSINESS_DATA_SHOP_EXPORT_FORMATS
        • WEBSERVICE_PUBLIC_URL
        • WS_DATA_RETENTION_PATH
      • Timeout Settings
      • System Properties
      • User-defined System Properties
    • Connecting Data Sources
      • Connection Configuration Interface
      • Translators
        • Native Query Usage
      • SSH Tunnel
      • DHL Connector
        • Public API
      • File-based Connectors
        • AWS S3 Connector
        • AWS S3 Select Connector
        • Azure Blob Storage Connector
        • File Connector
        • FTP/SFTP/SCP Connector
      • JDBC Connectors
        • Snowflake
          • Pass-through Authentication Support
        • Installing JDBC Drivers
          • Microsoft Dataverse
          • NetSuite
          • SAP ADS
          • SAP HANA
          • Sybase ASE and Sybase IQ
          • Teradata
          • Vertica
        • Direct Query Procedure native()
        • Amazon Athena
        • Amazon Aurora (MySQL Edition)
        • Amazon Aurora (PostgreSQL Edition)
        • Amazon Redshift
        • Azure Synapse Analytics (Former SQL Data Warehouse) Connector
        • CData Connector (Preview)
        • ClickHouse
        • Databricks
        • Exasol
        • Google BigQuery
        • Greenplum Database
        • H2
        • Hive
        • IBM DB2
        • IBM DB2 for iSeries (AS/400)
        • IBM DB2 for zSeries (zOS)
        • IBM Informix
        • IBM Netezza
        • InterSystems Caché
        • KDB+
        • Microsoft Dataverse
        • Microsoft SQL Server
        • MySQL
        • Oracle ADWC
        • Oracle Database
        • Oracle NetSuite
        • PostgreSQL
        • SAP Advantage Database Server
        • SAP ASE (Sybase)
        • SAP HANA Connector
        • SAS
        • SingleStore (MemSQL)
        • Teradata Connector
        • Trino Connector (Preview)
        • Vertica Connector
      • Azure Table Connector
      • Google Ads (Former AdWords) Connector
        • Google Ads Predicates
      • Google Analytics Data Connectors
        • Native Google Analytics Data Connector
        • Modular Google Analytics Data Connector
      • GraphQL Connector (Preview)
      • JPA Connector
      • ksqlDB Connector for Kafka (Preview)
      • LDAP Connector
      • MongoDB Connector
      • MS Excel Connector
      • OData V2 Connector
      • OData V4 Connector
      • OLAP Connector
      • OpenAPI Connector
      • Parquet Connector
      • Salesforce Connector
      • Web Services Connector
        • Data Retention
      • Massively Parallel Processing (MPP) Component
        • MPP Data Source Configuration
    • Connecting to Analytical Storage
      • MS SQL Server as Analytical Storage
      • Amazon RedShift as Analytical Storage
      • Azure Synapse Analytics (Former SQL Data Warehouse) as Analytical Storage
      • Google BigQuery as Analytical Storage
      • MySQL as Analytical Storage
      • Snowflake Data Warehouse
    • Federated Planning
      • Overview
      • Federated Optimizations
      • Subquery Optimization
      • XQuery Optimization
        • Whitespace-only Text Nodes
      • Federated Failure Modes
      • Query Plans
      • Query Planner
    • Query Processing
      • Query Execution
      • Query Termination
      • Processing
    • Statistics & Matching
      • User Queries
      • Data Sources Statistics
      • Matching Queries
    • Optimization Subsystem
    • Replication & Materialization
      • Replication
        • Batch Replication
        • Incremental Replication
        • Copy Over
        • History Update
        • Upsert Update
      • Materialization
        • Complete Materialization
        • Incremental Materialization
        • Index Management and Recommended Indexes
    • Jobs and Schedules
      • Jobs
        • Managing Jobs
        • Optimization Jobs
          • Example: Check Expressions with Non-unique Results
          • Example: Using an Identity Expression
        • Cleanup Jobs
          • Cleanup Job Parameters
        • Backup Jobs
        • Replication Jobs
      • Schedules
      • Job Queues
        • Managing Queue Handlers
    • Extensions to the JDBC API
      • SET Statement
      • SHOW Statement
      • Transaction Statements
    • Logging, Monitoring, and Notifications
      • Notifications
      • QueryMonitor
    • Information Schema
    • Multiple Virtual Databases Support
    • Data Source-specific Built-in and User-defined Functions (Preview)
      • Built-in Connector-specific Functions
      • Foreign Functions
  • Management API Guide
    • System Tables
      • System Tables Index
      • Users, Roles, and Permissions
      • VDB, Schema, and Properties
      • Table Metadata
      • Procedure Metadata
      • Function Metadata
      • Data Type Metadata
      • Connections and Models
      • Recommendation System
      • Schedules and Jobs
      • Virtual Schemas, Views, Procedures and Functions
      • Leaky Bucket Functionality
      • Logs and History
      • Creation Parameters
      • LDAP
      • Global Options
      • Web Business Data Shop
    • System Procedures
      • System Procedures Index
      • User and Role Management
      • Miscellaneous
      • Creation Parameter
      • Default Option Management
      • Connection and Data Source Management
      • Connector Management
      • Modular Connectors Management
      • Execute Procedures
      • Git Integration Procedures
      • Permission Management
      • Index Management
        • Recommended Index Status
        • Recommended Index Type
      • Logging
      • Log and History Management
      • Performance Monitoring Procedure
      • Metadata Procedures
      • Utility Procedures
        • Utility Procedures Index
        • Tables
          • arrayToTable
          • cleanTable
          • createTable
          • formatTableName
          • getTableIntersection
          • isBigQueryTable
          • prepareTargetTable
          • tableExists
          • tableToJson
          • tableToXml
        • CSV
          • convertCSVtoTable
          • csvExport
          • sendCsvExport
        • Mail
          • getSmtpConfiguration
          • importSmtpConfiguration
          • setSmtpConfiguration
          • sendMail
        • SFTP
          • download_sftp
          • upload_sftp
        • File Management
          • detect_file_encoding
          • unzip
        • tryCast Procedures
          • tryCast
          • tryCastDate
          • tryCastTimestamp
        • displayRuntime
        • fillSchemaWhenUsingFullSchemaName
        • getIncorrectUpdateColumns
        • getModularConnectorDatasourceCreateStatement
        • getOrderByColumns
        • incrementalReplication
        • internal_expandProperties
        • parsePropertiesString
        • returnExtremeValue
        • upsert
      • System Data Procedures
      • Notification Procedures
      • Query Management
      • Query Plan and Data Lineage
      • Replication Jobs Management
      • Schedule Management
        • Creating Schedules
          • Chained Schedules
        • Managing Schedules
      • Statistics Management
      • Optimization Management
      • Dependency Management
      • Connection-level Interface Management
        • Connection-level Interface Commands
      • Virtual Schema Management
      • Virtual Database Management
      • Export-related Procedures
      • Import-related Procedures
      • Replication and Materialization Procedures
      • User-defined System Properties Management
      • Web Business Data Shop-related Procedures
      • SYSADMIN_VDB Procedures
      • Rate-limit Procedures
    • System Views
  • Performance Optimization Guide
    • Soft Limits
      • Soft Limits Explained
      • Reading and Setting Soft Limits
    • Working with Query Plans
    • Pushdown
      • Aggregation Pushdown
      • Function Pushdown
      • Criteria Pushdown
      • Join Pushdown
      • Optimizing Data Types for Pushdown
      • Limits of Pushdown
    • Distributed Joins
      • Types of Distributed Joins
        • Merge Join
        • Dependent Join
        • Nested Loop
      • Forcing Specific Join Types
      • Optional Joins
      • Subqueries: Correlated vs Uncorrelated
      • Considerations for Statistics Gathering
    • MS SQL Server String Join Performance
    • Understanding Buffers
    • XML Parsing Optimization
    • Analyzing Performance
  • Upgrade Guide
    • CData Virtuality Upgrade Utility (Exporter)
  • Licensing and Copyright
    • Trial License
    • Third-party Open Source Components
      • Third-party Licenses
        • 3-clause BSD (Retrotranslator license)
        • Apache License, Version 2.0
        • Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 (CC BY-SA)
        • Eclipse Distribution License - v 1.0
        • Eclipse Public License - v 1.0
        • GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE, Version 2.1
        • GPL v.2
        • Mozilla Public License Version 2.0
        • Nux License
        • The JSON License
        • The MIT License (MIT)