SELECT Statements

A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

SELECT
INTO
FROM
JOIN
WHERE
GROUP BY
HAVING
UNION
ORDER BY
LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the Veeva Vault adapter:

SELECT {
  [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
  { 
    * 
    | { 
        <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] 
        | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* 
      } [ , ... ] 
  }
  { 
    FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  } [ , ... ]
  [ 
    JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  ] [ ... ] 
  [ WHERE <search_condition> ]
  [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
  [ HAVING <search_condition> ]
  [ UNION  [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
  [ 
    ORDER BY 
    <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
  ]
  [
    LIMIT <expression>
    [ 
      { OFFSET | , }
      <expression> 
    ]
  ] 
} | SCOPE_IDENTITY() 

  <expression> ::=
    | <column_reference>
    | @ <parameter> 
    | ?
    | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
    | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> ) 
    | NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> ) 
    | COALESCE ( <expression> , ... ) 
    | CASE <expression>
        WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
    [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
      END 
    | <literal>
    | <sql_function> 

  <search_condition> ::= 
    {
      <expression> { = | AND | OR | != | <= | < | >= | > | LIKE } [ <expression> ]
    } [ { AND | OR } ... ]

Examples

Return all columns:
```
SELECT * FROM Users
```
Rename a column:
```
SELECT "Name" AS MY_Name FROM Users
```

Cast a column's data as a different data type:

SELECT CAST(AnnualRevenue AS VARCHAR) AS Str_AnnualRevenue FROM Users

Search data:
```
SELECT * FROM Users WHERE Name = 'Test'
```
The Veeva Vault APIs support the following operators in the WHERE clause: =, AND, OR, !=, <=, <, >=, >, LIKE.
```
SELECT * FROM Users WHERE Name = 'Test';
```
Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
```
SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM Users 
```
Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
```
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Name) FROM Users 
```
Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
```
SELECT DISTINCT Name FROM Users 
```

Sort a result set in ascending order:

SELECT Status, Name FROM Users  ORDER BY Name ASC

Aggregate Functions

For SELECT examples using aggregate functions, see Aggregate Functions.

JOIN Queries

See JOIN Queries for SELECT query examples using JOINs.

Date Literal Functions