CData Cloud offers access to MariaDB across several standard services and protocols, in a cloud-hosted solution. Any application that can connect to a SQL Server database can connect to MariaDB through CData Cloud.
CData Cloud allows you to standardize and configure connections to MariaDB as though it were any other OData endpoint or standard SQL Server.
This page provides a guide to Establishing a Connection to MariaDB in CData Cloud, as well as information on the available resources, and a reference to the available connection properties.
Establishing a Connection shows how to authenticate to MariaDB and configure any necessary connection properties to create a database in CData Cloud
Accessing data from MariaDB through the available standard services and CData Cloud administration is documented in further details in the CData Cloud Documentation.
Connect to MariaDB by selecting the corresponding icon in the Database tab. Required properties are listed under Settings. The Advanced tab lists connection properties that are not typically required.
To connect to MariaDB data, set the following properties:
MariaDB supports the following types of authentication:
To authenticate using standard authentication, set AuthScheme to Password and set the following properties:
To authenticate using NTLM, set AuthScheme to NTLM.
By default, the Cloud determines user credentials and the NTLM domain automatically, using either the domain of the PC it is running on or the domain used by the machine running the MariaDB instance.
If you want to specify a different domain, provide different login credentials, or change the target NTLM version using any or all of the following optional connection properties:
To authenticate as an LDAP user, set AuthScheme to LDAP.
By default, the Cloud auto-detects your LDAP credentials. If you want to designate a specific user and password, set the following optional connection properties:
To use SSL authentication to connect securely to MariaDB data, set the following connection properties:
To connect to a MariaDB database hosted on Azure, set AuthScheme to one of the following values:
For all Azure methods, the AzureTenant property typically represents your Microsoft Entra ID tenant, often in the form companyname.microsoft.com or your directory ID as shown in the Azure Portal under Entra ID > Properties.
To authenticate using a managed identity, set AuthScheme to AzureMSI and configure the following properties:
To authenticate using your Azure username and password, set AuthScheme to AzurePassword and set the following connection properties:
Note: Microsoft has rebranded Azure AD as Entra ID. In topics that require the user to interact with the Entra ID Admin site, we use the same names Microsoft does. However, there are still CData connection properties whose names or values reference "Azure AD".
Entra ID is Microsoft's multi-tenant, cloud-based directory and identity management platform.
It supports OAuth-based authentication flows that enable the driver to access MariaDB endpoints securely.
The steps to authenticate depend on your environment. Review the following sections for guidance on connecting from desktop applications, web-based workflows, and headless systems.
When the access token expires, the Cloud refreshes it automatically.
However, you must create a custom OAuth application to connect to MariaDB via the Web. And since custom OAuth applications seamlessly support all three commonly-used auth flows, you might want to create custom OAuth applications (use your own OAuth Application Credentials) for those auth flows anyway.
Custom OAuth applications are useful if you want to:
Specify the desired setup: single-tenant or multi-tenant.
Choose your preferred type of authentication:
If you have selected to use permissions that require admin consent, you may grant them from the current tenant on the Azure Portal's API Permissions page.
To enable TLS, set UseSSL to True.
With this configuration, the Cloud attempts to negotiate TLS with the server. The server certificate is validated against the default system trusted certificate store. You can override how the certificate gets validated using the SSLServerCert connection property.
To specify another certificate, see the SSLServerCert connection property.
The MariaDB Cloud also supports setting client certificates. Set the following to connect using a client certificate.
Set the following properties:
The connection string properties are the various options that can be used to establish a connection. This section provides a complete list of the options you can configure in the connection string for this provider. Click the links for further details.
For more information on establishing a connection, see Establishing a Connection.
| Property | Description |
| AuthScheme | The scheme used for authentication. Accepted entries are Password, AzureAD, AzurePassword, AzureMSI, and LDAP. |
| Server | The host name or IP address of the server. |
| Port | The port of the MariaDB server. |
| User | Specifies the authenticating user's user ID. |
| Password | Specifies the authenticating user's password. |
| Database | The name of the MariaDB database. |
| Domain | The name of the domain for a Windows (NTLM) security login. |
| UseSSL | This field sets whether SSL is enabled. |
| NTLMVersion | The NTLM version. |
| Property | Description |
| AzureTenant | Identifies the MariaDB tenant being used to access data. Accepts either the tenant's domain name (for example, contoso.onmicrosoft.com ) or its directory (tenant) ID. |
| Property | Description |
| OAuthClientId | Specifies the client ID (also known as the consumer key) assigned to your custom OAuth application. This ID is required to identify the application to the OAuth authorization server during authentication. |
| OAuthClientSecret | Specifies the client secret assigned to your custom OAuth application. This confidential value is used to authenticate the application to the OAuth authorization server. (Custom OAuth applications only.). |
| Scope | Specifies the scope of the authenticating user's access to the application, to ensure they get appropriate access to data. If a custom OAuth application is needed, this is generally specified at the time the application is created. |
| Property | Description |
| SSLServerCert | Specifies the certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL. |
| Property | Description |
| SSHAuthMode | The authentication method used when establishing an SSH Tunnel to the service. |
| SSHClientCert | A certificate to be used for authenticating the SSHUser. |
| SSHClientCertPassword | The password of the SSHClientCert key if it has one. |
| SSHClientCertSubject | The subject of the SSH client certificate. |
| SSHClientCertType | The type of SSHClientCert private key. |
| SSHServer | The SSH server. |
| SSHPort | The SSH port. |
| SSHUser | The SSH user. |
| SSHPassword | The SSH password. |
| SSHServerFingerprint | The SSH server fingerprint. |
| UseSSH | Whether to tunnel the MariaDB connection over SSH. Use SSH. |
| Property | Description |
| Verbosity | Specifies the verbosity level of the log file, which controls the amount of detail logged. Supported values range from 1 to 5. |
| Property | Description |
| BrowsableSchemas | Optional setting that restricts the schemas reported to a subset of all available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC . |
| Property | Description |
| AllowUserVariables | When set to True, user variables (prefixed by an @) can be used in SQL queries. |
| MaxRows | Specifies the maximum number of rows returned for queries that do not include either aggregation or GROUP BY. |
| ReplaceInvalidDatesWithNull | Whether or not to return an invalid Date value as NULL. |
| ServerTimeZone | Specify a specific server time zone id of current platform(.Net or Java) by user. |
| Timeout | The value in seconds until the connection timeout error is thrown. |
| TinyInt1Type | The TinyInt1 Type. |
| ZeroDatesToNull | Whether or not to return Date and DateTime values consisting of all zeros as NULL. |
This section provides a complete list of the Authentication properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.
| Property | Description |
| AuthScheme | The scheme used for authentication. Accepted entries are Password, AzureAD, AzurePassword, AzureMSI, and LDAP. |
| Server | The host name or IP address of the server. |
| Port | The port of the MariaDB server. |
| User | Specifies the authenticating user's user ID. |
| Password | Specifies the authenticating user's password. |
| Database | The name of the MariaDB database. |
| Domain | The name of the domain for a Windows (NTLM) security login. |
| UseSSL | This field sets whether SSL is enabled. |
| NTLMVersion | The NTLM version. |
The scheme used for authentication. Accepted entries are Password, AzureAD, AzurePassword, AzureMSI, and LDAP.
string
"Password"
The scheme used for authentication. Accepted entries are Password, AzureAD, AzurePassword, AzureMSI, and LDAP.
The host name or IP address of the server.
string
""
The host name or IP of the server hosting the MariaDB database.
The port of the MariaDB server.
string
"3306"
The port of the server hosting the MariaDB database.
Specifies the authenticating user's user ID.
string
""
The authenticating server requires both User and Password to validate the user's identity.
Specifies the authenticating user's password.
string
""
The authenticating server requires both User and Password to validate the user's identity.
The name of the MariaDB database.
string
""
The default database to connect to when connecting to the MariaDB Server. If this is not set, tables from all databases will be returned.
The name of the domain for a Windows (NTLM) security login.
string
""
By default, the Cloud uses the domain of the PC it is running on or the domain used by the machine running the MariaDB instance.
This field sets whether SSL is enabled.
bool
true
This field sets whether the Cloud will attempt to negotiate TLS/SSL connections to the server. By default, the Cloud checks the server's certificate against the system's trusted certificate store. To specify another certificate, set SSLServerCert.
The NTLM version.
string
"1"
This property specifies the NTLM version to use.
This section provides a complete list of the Azure Authentication properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.
| Property | Description |
| AzureTenant | Identifies the MariaDB tenant being used to access data. Accepts either the tenant's domain name (for example, contoso.onmicrosoft.com ) or its directory (tenant) ID. |
Identifies the MariaDB tenant being used to access data. Accepts either the tenant's domain name (for example, contoso.onmicrosoft.com ) or its directory (tenant) ID.
string
""
A tenant is a digital container for your organization's users and resources, managed through Microsoft Entra ID (formerly Azure AD). Each tenant is associated with a unique directory ID, and often with a custom domain (for example, microsoft.com or contoso.onmicrosoft.com).
To find the directory (tenant) ID in the Microsoft Entra Admin Center, navigate to Microsoft Entra ID > Properties and copy the value labeled "Directory (tenant) ID".
This property is required in the following cases:
You can provide the tenant value in one of two formats:
Specifying the tenant explicitly ensures that the authentication request is routed to the correct directory, which is especially important when a user belongs to multiple tenants or when using service principal–based authentication.
If this value is omitted when required, authentication may fail or connect to the wrong tenant. This can result in errors such as unauthorized or resource not found.
This section provides a complete list of the OAuth properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.
| Property | Description |
| OAuthClientId | Specifies the client ID (also known as the consumer key) assigned to your custom OAuth application. This ID is required to identify the application to the OAuth authorization server during authentication. |
| OAuthClientSecret | Specifies the client secret assigned to your custom OAuth application. This confidential value is used to authenticate the application to the OAuth authorization server. (Custom OAuth applications only.). |
| Scope | Specifies the scope of the authenticating user's access to the application, to ensure they get appropriate access to data. If a custom OAuth application is needed, this is generally specified at the time the application is created. |
Specifies the client ID (also known as the consumer key) assigned to your custom OAuth application. This ID is required to identify the application to the OAuth authorization server during authentication.
string
""
This property is required in two cases:
(When the driver provides embedded OAuth credentials, this value may already be provided by the Cloud and thus not require manual entry.)
OAuthClientId is generally used alongside other OAuth-related properties such as OAuthClientSecret and OAuthSettingsLocation when configuring an authenticated connection.
OAuthClientId is one of the key connection parameters that need to be set before users can authenticate via OAuth. You can usually find this value in your identity provider’s application registration settings. Look for a field labeled Client ID, Application ID, or Consumer Key.
While the client ID is not considered a confidential value like a client secret, it is still part of your application's identity and should be handled carefully. Avoid exposing it in public repositories or shared configuration files.
For more information on how this property is used when configuring a connection, see Establishing a Connection.
Specifies the client secret assigned to your custom OAuth application. This confidential value is used to authenticate the application to the OAuth authorization server. (Custom OAuth applications only.).
string
""
This property (sometimes called the application secret or consumer secret) is required when using a custom OAuth application in any flow that requires secure client authentication, such as web-based OAuth, service-based connections, or certificate-based authorization flows. It is not required when using an embedded OAuth application.
The client secret is used during the token exchange step of the OAuth flow, when the driver requests an access token from the authorization server. If this value is missing or incorrect, authentication fails with either an invalid_client or an unauthorized_client error.
OAuthClientSecret is one of the key connection parameters that need to be set before users can authenticate via OAuth. You can obtain this value from your identity provider when registering the OAuth application.
Notes:
For more information on how this property is used when configuring a connection, see Establishing a Connection
Specifies the scope of the authenticating user's access to the application, to ensure they get appropriate access to data. If a custom OAuth application is needed, this is generally specified at the time the application is created.
string
""
Scopes are set to define what kind of access the authenticating user will have; for example, read, read and write, restricted access to sensitive information. System administrators can use scopes to selectively enable access by functionality or security clearance.
When InitiateOAuth is set to GETANDREFRESH, you must use this property if you want to change which scopes are requested.
When InitiateOAuth is set to either REFRESH or OFF, you can change which scopes are requested using either this property or the Scope input.
This section provides a complete list of the SSL properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.
| Property | Description |
| SSLServerCert | Specifies the certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL. |
Specifies the certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.
string
""
If you are using a TLS/SSL connection, use this property to specify the TLS/SSL certificate to be accepted from the server. If you specify a value for this property, all other certificates that are not trusted by the machine are rejected.
This property can take the following forms:
| Description | Example |
| A full PEM Certificate (example shortened for brevity) | -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIChTCCAe4CAQAwDQYJKoZIhv......Qw== -----END CERTIFICATE----- |
| A path to a local file containing the certificate | C:\cert.cer |
| The public key (example shortened for brevity) | -----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSq......AQAB -----END RSA PUBLIC KEY----- |
| The MD5 Thumbprint (hex values can also be either space- or colon-separated) | ecadbdda5a1529c58a1e9e09828d70e4 |
| The SHA1 Thumbprint (hex values can also be either space- or colon-separated) | 34a929226ae0819f2ec14b4a3d904f801cbb150d |
Note: It is possible to use '*' to signify that all certificates should be accepted, but due to security concerns this is not recommended.
This section provides a complete list of the SSH properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.
| Property | Description |
| SSHAuthMode | The authentication method used when establishing an SSH Tunnel to the service. |
| SSHClientCert | A certificate to be used for authenticating the SSHUser. |
| SSHClientCertPassword | The password of the SSHClientCert key if it has one. |
| SSHClientCertSubject | The subject of the SSH client certificate. |
| SSHClientCertType | The type of SSHClientCert private key. |
| SSHServer | The SSH server. |
| SSHPort | The SSH port. |
| SSHUser | The SSH user. |
| SSHPassword | The SSH password. |
| SSHServerFingerprint | The SSH server fingerprint. |
| UseSSH | Whether to tunnel the MariaDB connection over SSH. Use SSH. |
The authentication method used when establishing an SSH Tunnel to the service.
string
"Password"
A certificate to be used for authenticating the SSHUser.
string
""
SSHClientCert must contain a valid private key in order to use public key authentication. A public key is optional, if one is not included then the Cloud generates it from the private key. The Cloud sends the public key to the server and the connection is allowed if the user has authorized the public key.
The SSHClientCertType field specifies the type of the key store specified by SSHClientCert. If the store is password protected, specify the password in SSHClientCertPassword.
Some types of key stores are containers which may include multiple keys. By default the Cloud will select the first key in the store, but you can specify a specific key using SSHClientCertSubject.
The password of the SSHClientCert key if it has one.
string
""
This property is required for SSH tunneling when using certificate-based authentication. If the SSH certificate is in a password-protected key store, provide the password using this property to access the certificate.
The subject of the SSH client certificate.
string
"*"
When loading a certificate the subject is used to locate the certificate in the store.
If an exact match is not found, the store is searched for subjects containing the value of the property.
If a match is still not found, the property is set to an empty string, and no certificate is selected.
The special value "*" picks the first certificate in the certificate store.
The certificate subject is a comma separated list of distinguished name fields and values. For instance "CN=www.server.com, OU=test, C=US, [email protected]". Common fields and their meanings are displayed below.
| Field | Meaning |
| CN | Common Name. This is commonly a host name like www.server.com. |
| O | Organization |
| OU | Organizational Unit |
| L | Locality |
| S | State |
| C | Country |
| E | Email Address |
If a field value contains a comma it must be quoted.
The type of SSHClientCert private key.
string
"PEMKEY_BLOB"
This property can take one of the following values:
| Types | Description | Allowed Blob Values |
| MACHINE/USER | Blob values are not supported. | |
| JKSFILE/JKSBLOB | base64-only | |
| PFXFILE/PFXBLOB | A PKCS12-format (.pfx) file. Must contain both a certificate and a private key. | base64-only |
| PEMKEY_FILE/PEMKEY_BLOB | A PEM-format file. Must contain an RSA, DSA, or OPENSSH private key. Can optionally contain a certificate matching the private key. | base64 or plain text. |
| PPKFILE/PPKBLOB | A PuTTY-format private key created using the puttygen tool. | base64-only |
| XMLFILE/XMLBLOB | An XML key in the format generated by the .NET RSA class: RSA.ToXmlString(true). | base64 or plain text. |
The SSH server.
string
""
The SSH server.
The SSH port.
string
"22"
The SSH port.
The SSH user.
string
""
The SSH user.
The SSH password.
string
""
The SSH password.
The SSH server fingerprint.
string
""
The SSH server fingerprint.
Whether to tunnel the MariaDB connection over SSH. Use SSH.
bool
false
By default the Cloud will attempt to connect directly to MariaDB. When this option is enabled, the Cloud will instead establish an SSH connection with the SSHServer and tunnel the connection to MariaDB through it.
This section provides a complete list of the Logging properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.
| Property | Description |
| Verbosity | Specifies the verbosity level of the log file, which controls the amount of detail logged. Supported values range from 1 to 5. |
Specifies the verbosity level of the log file, which controls the amount of detail logged. Supported values range from 1 to 5.
string
"1"
This property defines the level of detail the Cloud includes in the log file. Higher verbosity levels increase the detail of the logged information, but may also result in larger log files and slower performance due to the additional data being captured.
The default verbosity level is 1, which is recommended for regular operation. Higher verbosity levels are primarily intended for debugging purposes. For more information on each level, refer to Logging.
When combined with the LogModules property, Verbosity can refine logging to specific categories of information.
This section provides a complete list of the Schema properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.
| Property | Description |
| BrowsableSchemas | Optional setting that restricts the schemas reported to a subset of all available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC . |
Optional setting that restricts the schemas reported to a subset of all available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC .
string
""
Listing all available database schemas can take extra time, thus degrading performance. Providing a list of schemas in the connection string saves time and improves performance.
This section provides a complete list of the Miscellaneous properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.
| Property | Description |
| AllowUserVariables | When set to True, user variables (prefixed by an @) can be used in SQL queries. |
| MaxRows | Specifies the maximum number of rows returned for queries that do not include either aggregation or GROUP BY. |
| ReplaceInvalidDatesWithNull | Whether or not to return an invalid Date value as NULL. |
| ServerTimeZone | Specify a specific server time zone id of current platform(.Net or Java) by user. |
| Timeout | The value in seconds until the connection timeout error is thrown. |
| TinyInt1Type | The TinyInt1 Type. |
| ZeroDatesToNull | Whether or not to return Date and DateTime values consisting of all zeros as NULL. |
When set to True, user variables (prefixed by an @) can be used in SQL queries.
bool
false
When set to True, user variables (prefixed by an @) can be used in SQL queries. The default behavior is to treat identifiers prefixed with @ as command parameters.
Specifies the maximum number of rows returned for queries that do not include either aggregation or GROUP BY.
int
-1
The default value for this property, -1, means that no row limit is enforced unless the query explicitly includes a LIMIT clause. (When a query includes a LIMIT clause, the value specified in the query takes precedence over the MaxRows setting.)
Setting MaxRows to a whole number greater than 0 ensures that queries do not return excessively large result sets by default.
This property is useful for optimizing performance and preventing excessive resource consumption when executing queries that could otherwise return very large datasets.
Whether or not to return an invalid Date value as NULL.
bool
false
Determines whether or not to replace invalid dates with NULL. Effectively, setting this to true means no exceptions will be thrown if an invalid date is found.
Determines whether or not to replace invalid dates with NULL. Effectively, setting this to true means no exceptions will be thrown if an invalid date is found.
Specify a specific server time zone id of current platform(.Net or Java) by user.
string
""
Specify a specific server time zone id of current platform (.NET or Java). When set to LOCAL, the server uses the local timezone and does not apply a timezone conversion.
The value in seconds until the connection timeout error is thrown.
int
30
If the Timeout property is set to 0, the default of 30 seconds will be used instead.
If Timeout expires and the operation is not yet complete, the Cloud throws an exception.
The TinyInt1 Type.
string
"TINYINT"
This property specifies the TinyInt1 type to use.
Whether or not to return Date and DateTime values consisting of all zeros as NULL.
bool
false
Whether or not to return Date and DateTime values consisting of all zeros as NULL. A value of all zeros indicates an invalid Date or DateTime value in MariaDB. Retrieving such a value may cause parsing errors unless you set this property to True.
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EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT, THE PROGRAM IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Each Recipient is solely responsible for determining the appropriateness of using and distributing the Program and assumes all risks associated with its exercise of rights under this Agreement, including but not limited to the risks and costs of program errors, compliance with applicable laws, damage to or loss of data, programs or equipment, and unavailability or interruption of operations.
6. DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY
EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT, NEITHER RECIPIENT NOR ANY CONTRIBUTORS SHALL HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOST PROFITS), HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OR DISTRIBUTION OF THE PROGRAM OR THE EXERCISE OF ANY RIGHTS GRANTED HEREUNDER, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
7. GENERAL
If any provision of this Agreement is invalid or unenforceable under applicable law, it shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remainder of the terms of this Agreement, and without further action by the parties hereto, such provision shall be reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make such provision valid and enforceable.
If Recipient institutes patent litigation against a Contributor with respect to a patent applicable to software (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit), then any patent licenses granted by that Contributor to such Recipient under this Agreement shall terminate as of the date such litigation is filed. In addition, if Recipient institutes patent litigation against any entity (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Program itself (excluding combinations of the Program with other software or hardware) infringes such Recipient's patent(s), then such Recipient's rights granted under Section 2(b) shall terminate as of the date such litigation is filed.
All Recipient's rights under this Agreement shall terminate if it fails to comply with any of the material terms or conditions of this Agreement and does not cure such failure in a reasonable period of time after becoming aware of such noncompliance. If all Recipient's rights under this Agreement terminate, Recipient agrees to cease use and distribution of the Program as soon as reasonably practicable. However, Recipient's obligations under this Agreement and any licenses granted by Recipient relating to the Program shall continue and survive.
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute copies of this Agreement, but in order to avoid inconsistency the Agreement is copyrighted and may only be modified in the following manner. The Agreement Steward reserves the right to publish new versions (including revisions) of this Agreement from time to time. No one other than the Agreement Steward has the right to modify this Agreement. IBM is the initial Agreement Steward. IBM may assign the responsibility to serve as the Agreement Steward to a suitable separate entity. Each new version of the Agreement will be given a distinguishing version number. The Program (including Contributions) may always be distributed subject to the version of the Agreement under which it was received. In addition, after a new version of the Agreement is published, Contributor may elect to distribute the Program (including its Contributions) under the new version. Except as expressly stated in Sections 2(a) and 2(b) above, Recipient receives no rights or licenses to the intellectual property of any Contributor under this Agreement, whether expressly, by implication, estoppel or otherwise. All rights in the Program not expressly granted under this Agreement are reserved.
This Agreement is governed by the laws of the State of New York and the intellectual property laws of the United States of America. No party to this Agreement will bring a legal action under this Agreement more than one year after the cause of action arose. Each party waives its rights to a jury trial in any resulting litigation.