Adding a Connection to OData

To add a connection to OData:

1. In the application console, navigate to the Connections page.
2. At the Add Connections panel, select the icon for the connection you want to add.
3. If the OData icon is not available, click the Add More icon to download and install the OData connector from the CData site.

For required properties, see the Settings tab.

For connection properties that are not typically required, see the Advanced tab.

Connecting to OData

To connect to OData, you must set the Url to a valid OData service root URI. If your OData service does not have a root document, have FeedURL point to the specific entity you want to expose as a table.

Authenticating to OData

OData supports authentication via:

• HTTP
• Kerberos
• SharePoint Online
• OAuth (Azure AD)

HTTP Auth Schemes

For authenticating via HTTP, set AuthScheme according to the following table.

Scheme	AuthScheme	Other Settings
None	None	Use if no authentication is desired.
Basic	Basic	User, Password
NTLM (1)	NTLM	User, Password
Digest (if supported)	Digest	User, Password

(1) NTLM is a type of Windows authentication often used across a LAN using your Windows user credentials. Set the User and Password if you are not connecting from a Windows machine, or if your currently logged in user account should not be used for the connection.

Kerberos

To authenticate to OData using Kerberos, set these properties:

• hive.server2.authentication: Kerberos.
• AuthScheme: NEGOTIATE.
• KerberosKDC: The host name or IP Address of your Kerberos KDC machine.
• KerberosSPN: The service and host of the OData Kerberos Principal. Find this value just before the '@' symbol of the principal value.

SharePoint Online

SharePoint Online connections are established by retrieving a SharePoint Online cookie. To authenticate, set these properties:

• AuthScheme: SharePointOnline.
• User: Your SharePoint Online user account.
• Password: Your SharePoint Online password.

OAuth

To enable this authentication from all OAuth flows in OData, you must create a custom OAuth application, and set AuthScheme to OAuth.

The following subsections describe how to authenticate to OData from three common authentication flows. For information about how to create a custom OAuth application, see Creating a Custom OAuth Application. For a complete list of connection string properties available in OData, see Connection.

Automatic refresh of the OAuth access token:

To have the Sync App automatically refresh the OAuth access token:

1. Before connecting to data for the first time, set these connection parameters:
   • InitiateOAuth: REFRESH.
   • OAuthClientId: The client Id in your custom OAuth application settings.
   • OAuthClientSecret: The client secret in your custom OAuth application settings.
   • OAuthAccessToken: The access token returned by GetOAuthAccessToken.
   • OAuthSettingsLocation: The path where you want the Sync App to save the OAuth values, which persist across connections.
2. On subsequent data connections, set:
   • InitiateOAuth
   • OAuthSettingsLocation

Manual refresh of the OAuth access token:

The only value needed to manually refresh the OAuth access token is the OAuth refresh token.

1. To manually refresh the OAuthAccessToken after the ExpiresIn period (returned by GetOAuthAccessToken) has elapsed, call the RefreshOAuthAccessToken stored procedure.
2. Set these connection properties:
   • OAuthClientId: The Client Id in your custom OAuth application settings.
   • OAuthClientSecret: The Client Secret in your custom OAuth application settings.

3. Call RefreshOAuthAccessToken with OAuthRefreshToken set to the OAuth refresh token returned by GetOAuthAccessToken.
4. After the new tokens have been retrieved, set the OAuthAccessToken property to the value returned by RefreshOAuthAccessToken. This opens a new connection.

Store the OAuth refresh token so that you can use it to manually refresh the OAuth access token after it has expired.

Azure AD

Azure AD supports a form of OAuth that goes through Azure. Set the AuthScheme to AzureAD.

The CData Sync App automatically takes care of known Azure URLs internally, so it is not necessary to specify any of the usual OAuth connection properties, such as OAuthAccessTokenURL, OAuthAuthorizationURL, OAuthRefreshTokenURL, and OAuthRequestTokenURL.

Other connection properties may be required for this connection method, including:

• Scope: Must be specified if InitiateOAuth is set to GETANDREFRESH as the Scope is submitted to Microsoft during retrieval of credentails. This varies depending on the service, but is generally a combination of the resource (hostname in the URL) and permission name. For example: https://host/user_impersonation.
• AzureADResource: The specific Azure Resource to authenticate against during Microsoft login. If none is specified, your user account's default resource is used.
• AzureADTenant: The specific Azure Tenant to authenticate against during Microsoft login. If none is specified, your user account's default tenant via the common login endpoint is used. This may not be correct, depending on the specific resource you are connecting to, or if the resource is stored on a seperate tenant.

Otherwise, the steps to authenticate are identical to the descriptions of Desktop, Web, and Headless Machine authentication, above.

For information about how to create a custom OAuth application for use with Azure AD, see Creating a Custom OAuth Application.

Securing OData Connections

By default, the Sync App attempts to negotiate SSL/TLS by checking the server's certificate against the system's trusted certificate store. To specify another certificate, see the SSLServerCert property for the available formats to do so.

Kerberos

To authenticate to OData with Kerberos, set AuthScheme to NEGOTIATE.

Authenticating to OData via Kerberos requires you to define authentication properties and to choose how Kerberos should retrieve authentication tickets.

Retrieve Kerberos Tickets

Kerberos tickets are used to authenticate the requester's identity. The use of tickets instead of formal logins/passwords eliminates the need to store passwords locally or send them over a network. Users are reauthenticated (tickets are refreshed) whenever they log in at their local computer or enter kinit USER at the command prompt.

The Sync App provides three ways to retrieve the required Kerberos ticket, depending on whether or not the KRB5CCNAME and/or KerberosKeytabFile variables exist in your environment.

MIT Kerberos Credential Cache File

This option enables you to use the MIT Kerberos Ticket Manager or kinit command to get tickets. With this option there is no need to set the User or Password connection properties.

This option requires that KRB5CCNAME has been created in your system.

To enable ticket retrieval via MIT Cerberos Credential Cache Files:

1. Ensure that the KRB5CCNAME variable is present in your environment.
2. Set KRB5CCNAME to a path that points to your credential cache file. (For example, C:\krb_cache\krb5cc_0 or /tmp/krb5cc_0.) The credential cache file is created when you use the MIT Kerberos Ticket Manager to generate your ticket.
3. To obtain a ticket:
   1. Open the MIT Kerberos Ticket Manager application.
   2. Click Get Ticket.
   3. Enter your principal name and password.
   4. Click OK.

   If the ticket is successfully obtained, the ticket information appears in Kerberos Ticket Manager and is stored in the credential cache file.

The Sync App uses the cache file to obtain the Kerberos ticket to connect to OData.

Note: If you would prefer not to edit KRB5CCNAME, you can use the KerberosTicketCache property to set the file path manually. After this is set, the Sync App uses the specified cache file to obtain the Kerberos ticket to connect to OData.

Keytab File

If your environment lacks the KRB5CCNAME environment variable, you can retrieve a Kerberos ticket using a Keytab File.

To use this method, set the User property to the desired username, and set the KerberosKeytabFile property to a file path pointing to the keytab file associated with the user.

User and Password

If your environment lacks the KRB5CCNAME environment variable and the KerberosKeytabFile property has not been set, you can retrieve a ticket using a user and password combination.

To use this method, set the User and Password properties to the user/password combination that you use to authenticate with OData.

Enabling Cross-Realm Authentication

More complex Kerberos environments can require cross-realm authentication where multiple realms and KDC servers are used. For example, they might use one realm/KDC for user authentication, and another realm/KDC for obtaining the service ticket.

To enable this kind of cross-realm authentication, set the KerberosRealm and KerberosKDC properties to the values required for user authentication. Also, set the KerberosServiceRealm and KerberosServiceKDC properties to the values required to obtain the service ticket.

Customizing API Requests

The following properties provide the granular control useful for integrating with nonstandard APIs or to access more advanced OData functionality.

• CustomUrlParams: Set this to append query string parameters onto the request that the Sync App builds.

  Note that if this property is not set you must set Url to the service document to avoid an error.

• ContinueOnError: The Sync App builds batch requests to OData 4.0 services when batch APIs in the underlying driver interface are invoked; for example, when your application makes a batch request.

  When this property is set, errors are returned in a temporary table to avoid breaking execution.

• UseEtags: Etags can be used by OData clients to check if a resource has changed on the server and avoid concurrency problems.
  If you do not need to surface this functionality or if your OData service does not return Etags, set this property to false.
• Cookies: If you need to provide cookies obtained outside the Sync App, you can set them in this value.
• CustomHeaders: You can use this property to add any value to any HTTP request header.

Fine Tuning Data Access

Set the following properties to control how the Sync App models OData APIs as a database:

• NavigationPropertiesAsViews: By default, the Sync App models navigation properties as views.
  This enables access to related entities, even though these entities may not be linked by a foreign key in your OData service.
• SupportsExpand: If your API does not support the $expand parameter, set this property to avoid an error when NavigationPropertiesAsViews is set.
  If this is the case for your API, specify the base entity's primary key in the WHERE clause to access navigation properties.
• DataFormat: Set this property to JSON or XML. Otherwise, the Sync App uses the default format defined by the service.
• ODataVersion: Use this to override the version detected by the Sync App. This is useful if your application supports an older OData version.
• UseIdUrl: By default the Sync App returns the direct URL to an entity as the primary key. By setting this to false, the entity key is returned.
• UseSimpleNames: Set this to true to return only alphanumeric characters in column names. This can help you to avoid SQL escapes and errors in SQL-based tools.
• ServerTimeZone: By default, the Sync App assumes the server's Edm.DateTime values are GMT and converts them to and from the installed machine's local timezone accordingly.
  If the server's Edm.DateTime values are known to apply to a different timezone, then set this property to that timezone (i.e. EST).

This section details a selection of advanced features of the OData Sync App.

User Defined Views

The Sync App allows you to define virtual tables, called user defined views, whose contents are decided by a pre-configured query. These views are useful when you cannot directly control queries being issued to the drivers. See User Defined Views for an overview of creating and configuring custom views.

SSL Configuration

Use SSL Configuration to adjust how Sync App handles TLS/SSL certificate negotiations. You can choose from various certificate formats; see the SSLServerCert property under "Connection String Options" for more information.

Firewall and Proxy

Configure the Sync App for compliance with Firewall and Proxy, including Windows proxies and HTTP proxies. You can also set up tunnel connections.

Query Processing

The Sync App offloads as much of the SELECT statement processing as possible to OData and then processes the rest of the query in memory (client-side).

See Query Processing for more information.

Logging

See Logging for an overview of configuration settings that can be used to refine CData logging. For basic logging, you only need to set two connection properties, but there are numerous features that support more refined logging, where you can select subsets of information to be logged using the LogModules connection property.

Customizing the SSL Configuration

By default, the Sync App attempts to negotiate SSL/TLS by checking the server's certificate against the system's trusted certificate store.

To specify another certificate, see the SSLServerCert property for the available formats to do so.

Client SSL Certificates

The OData Sync App also supports setting client certificates. Set the following to connect using a client certificate.

• SSLClientCert: The name of the certificate store for the client certificate.
• SSLClientCertType: The type of key store containing the TLS/SSL client certificate.
• SSLClientCertPassword: The password for the TLS/SSL client certificate.
• SSLClientCertSubject: The subject of the TLS/SSL client certificate.

Connecting Through a Firewall or Proxy

HTTP Proxies

To connect through the Windows system proxy, you do not need to set any additional connection properties. To connect to other proxies, set ProxyAutoDetect to false.

In addition, to authenticate to an HTTP proxy, set ProxyAuthScheme, ProxyUser, and ProxyPassword, in addition to ProxyServer and ProxyPort.

Other Proxies

Set the following properties:

• To use a proxy-based firewall, set FirewallType, FirewallServer, and FirewallPort.
• To tunnel the connection, set FirewallType to TUNNEL.
• To authenticate, specify FirewallUser and FirewallPassword.
• To authenticate to a SOCKS proxy, additionally set FirewallType to SOCKS5.

The CData Sync App models OData entities in relational Tables, Views, and Stored Procedures. The table definitions are dynamically obtained from the OData service you connect to. Any changes in the metadata, such as added or removed columns or changes in data type, can be loaded by reconnecting.

Tables

The Sync App models the writable entity sets and singletons described in the service metadata document as bidirectional Tables.

Views

Some OData entities can only be accessed through Navigation Properties. By default, the Sync App models navigation properties as separate views. You can disable this behavior with NavigationPropertiesAsViews. See Views for more information on querying navigation properties.

Stored Procedures

Stored Procedures are function-like interfaces to the data source. They can be used to search, update, and modify information in the data source.

The Sync App exposes tables for every entity set and singleton defined on the OData service document. Entities on these tables may be inserted, updated, or deleted using standard SQL insert, update, or delete statements.

Executing Deep Inserts with SQL

The Sync App supports OData deep inserts, in which you simultaneously create a base entity and link it to related entities, by specifying navigation properties. To specify Navigation Properties for an entity, you may either submit JSON / XML data, or you may create a temporary table for the navigation property and then reference the temporary table in the insert to the base table. Sumit the XML / JSON or reference the temporary table in the appropriate navigation property column on the base table. Each navigation property column is prefixed with the word "Linked".

Example: Deep Inserts using XML / JSON

To submit XML or JSON data, simply supply the values for the table the navigation property is referencing in XML or JSON format. If you are familiar with the OData standard, you should not be submitting values in the standard. The XML / JSON used here is simply a means of supplying multiple values ot the CData Sync App.

For example, consider the Orders table in Northwind odata.org test service. To create a new Order, you specify the Products ordered, Customer, Employee, and Shipper. To do so, you need to specify the Customer, Order_Details, Shipper, and Employee navigation properties.

• Customer: The following XML represents a new Customer:
  

    <Row>
      <CustomerID>VINET</CustomerID>
  	<CompanyName>Vins et alcools Chevalier</CompanyName>
  	<ContactName>Paul Henriot</ContactName>
  	<ContactTitle>Accounting Manager</ContactTitle>
  	<Address>59 rue de l'Abbaye</Address>
  	<City>Reims</City>
  	<PostalCode>51100</PostalCode>
  	<Country>France</Country>
  	<Phone>26.47.15.10</Phone>
  	<Fax>26.47.15.11</Fax>
    </Row>

• Order_Details: The following JSON add two Products to the Order:
  

    [
      {
  	  "ProductID": 72,
  	  "UnitPrice": 34.80,
  	  "Quantity": 5,
  	  "Discount": 0
  	},
  	{
  	  "ProductID": 42,
  	  "ProductID": 9.80,
  	  "ProductID": 10,
  	  "ProductID": 0
  	}
    ]

• Employee: The following XML specifies the existing Employee:
  

    <Row>
      <EmployeeID>5</EmployeeID>
    </Row>

• Shipper: The following JSON specifies the existing Shipper:
  

    [
      {
        "ShipperID": 3
      }
    ]

In order to execute the insert, simply reference or include as string literals the complete XML / JSON. For example:

INSERT INTO Orders (CustomerID, EmployeeID, ShipVia, ShipName, ShipAddress, ShipCity, ShipPostalCode, ShipCountry, OrderDate, LinkedOrder_Details, LinkedCustomer, LinkedEmployee, LinkedShipper) VALUES ('VINET', 5, 3, 'Paul Henriot', '59 rue de l''Abbaye', 'Reims', '51100', 'France', '07/04/1996', '{ ... }', '<Row>...</Row>', ?, ?)

Example: Deep Inserts using Temporary Tables

If using temporary tables, they must be defined and inserted within the same connection. Closing the connection will clear out any temporary tables in memory. Keeping with the Northwind example, you need to specify the following navigation properties.

Creating Temporary Tables

Insert the related entities into temporary tables that correspond to each navigation property. You can specify an existing entity's primary key or you can insert a new entity.

• Customer: The following statement creates a new Customer:
  

  INSERT INTO Customers#TEMP (CustomerID, CompanyName, ContactName, ContactTitle, Address, City, PostalCode, Country, Phone, Fax) 
  VALUES ('VINET', 'Vins et alcools Chevalier', 'Paul Henriot', 'Accounting Manager', '59 rue de l''Abbaye', 'Reims', '51100', 'France', '26.47.15.10', '26.47.15.11')

• Order Details: The following statements add two Products to the Order:
  

  INSERT INTO Order_Details#TEMP (ProductID, UnitPrice, Quantity, Discount) VALUES (72, 34.80, 5, 0)
  
  INSERT INTO Order_Details#TEMP (ProductID, UnitPrice, Quantity, Discount) VALUES (42, 9.80, 10, 0)

• Employee: The following statement specifies the existing Employee:
  

  INSERT INTO Employees#TEMP (EmployeeID) 
  VALUES (5)

• Shipper: The following statement specifies the existing Shipper:
  

  INSERT INTO Shippers#TEMP (ShipperID) VALUES (3) 

The CData Sync App will assume that the Shipper and Employee already exist and will only link to the existing references since only the primary keys were specified for either. When more than just the primary key is defined, such as the examples for Customer and Order_Details, the CData Sync App will attempt to create new entries - triggering the deep insert.

Inserting the Entity

In the INSERT statement for the base entity, reference the temporary tables in the LinkedOrder_Details, LinkedCustomer, LinkedEmployee, and LinkedShipper columns:

INSERT INTO Orders (CustomerID, EmployeeID, ShipVia, ShipName, ShipAddress, ShipCity, ShipPostalCode, ShipCountry, OrderDate, LinkedOrder_Details, LinkedCustomer, LinkedEmployee, LinkedShipper) VALUES ('VINET', 5, 3, 'Paul Henriot', '59 rue de l''Abbaye', 'Reims', '51100', 'France', '07/04/1996', 'Order_Details#TEMP', 'Customers#TEMP', 'Employees#TEMP', 'Shippers#TEMP')

Modeling Navigation Properties

By default, the Sync App models Navigation Properties as separate views. The views are named in the format ParentTable_NavigationProperty. You can disable this behavior with NavigationPropertiesAsViews.

Querying Navigation Properties

For an example of working with a navigation property as a view, consider the Northwind sample service from odata.org. In this service, the Categories entity set has a Products navigation property. The CData Sync App will display a view called Categories_Products for this service. Retrieving data from Categories_Products will display all of the Products associated with a given Category. The Categories_Products view has a primary key made up of the Id of the parent entity and the Id of the related entity.

Support for navigation properties is limited in some OData services. See NavigationPropertiesAsViews and SupportsExpand for more information on API restrictions when querying navigation properties.

In OData, a navigation property is a property on an entity that is itself either a single entity or list of entities.

A single-entity navigation property signifies a one-to-one relationship; for example, an OData service might allow a Product to have only one Category. In this service, Category might be a navigation property on Products.

An entity set navigation property signifies a one-to-many relationship; for example, many Products can belong in the same Category. In this service, Products might be a navigation property on Categories.

Working with Navigation Properties Relationally

Navigation properties in OData link related entities. Similarly, in a relational database, a foreign key serves to link tables. For example, a Product record might have a CategoryId column, which uniquely identifies what Category the Product belongs to. However, there is no requirement in OData that an entity must contain a foreign key reference to a related entity. This means sometimes you will get navigation properties without having a foreign key reference to that entity on the parent or back to the parent from the related entity. In cases without a foreign key reference, the navigation property's existence is the only thing that can be used to identify a relationship between the two entities.

Select

NavigationPropertiesAsViews is useful for accessing data in OData services that lack foreign key references. Likewise, it can be used to retrieve related entites that do not exist by themselves such as LineItems on an Invoice. See Views for more information on querying navigation properties.

INSERT

The Sync App supports OData deep inserts. See Tables for more information on specifying navigation properties when you create an entity.

Data Type Mappings

The Sync App maps types from the data source to the corresponding data type available in the schema. The table below documents these mappings.

OData V2	OData V3	OData V4	CData Schema
Edm.Binary	Edm.Binary	Edm.Binary	binary
Edm.Boolean	Edm.Boolean	Edm.Boolean	bool
Edm.DateTime	Edm.DateTime	Edm.DateTimeOffset	datetime
Edm.Decimal	Edm.Decimal	Edm.Decimal	decimal
Edm.Double	Edm.Double	Edm.Double	double
Edm.Guid	Edm.Guid	Edm.Guid	guid
Edm.Int16	Edm.Int16	Edm.Int16	int
Edm.Int32	Edm.Int32	Edm.Int32	int
Edm.Int64	Edm.Int64	Edm.Int64	bigint
Edm.String	Edm.String	Edm.String	string
Edm.Time	Edm.Time	Edm.TimeOfDay	time

The connection string properties are the various options that can be used to establish a connection. This section provides a complete list of the options you can configure in the connection string for this provider. Click the links for further details.

For more information on establishing a connection, see Establishing a Connection.

Authentication

---

Property	Description
URL	URL to the Organization root or the OData services file. For example, http://MySite/MyOrganization.
AuthScheme	The scheme used for authentication. Accepted entries are NTLM, BASIC, DIGEST, NONE, NEGOTIATE, or SHAREPOINTONLINE.
User	The OData user account used to authenticate.
Password	The password used to authenticate the user.
FeedURL	URL to the OData entity set. For example, http://MySite/MyOrganization/EntitySet.
SharePointUseSSO	Whether or not to use single sign-on (SSO) to authenticate to SharePoint Online.

Azure Authentication

---

Property	Description
AzureADTenant	The Azure Active Directory tenant to authenticate against (only used with Azure AD OAuth).
AzureTenant	The Microsoft Online tenant being used to access data. If not specified, your default tenant is used.
AzureResource	The Azure Active resource to authenticate to (used during Azure OAuth exchange).

SSO

---

Property	Description
SharePointSSODomain	The domain of the user when using single sign-on (SSO).

OAuth

---

Property	Description
InitiateOAuth	Set this property to initiate the process to obtain or refresh the OAuth access token when you connect.
OAuthVersion	The version of OAuth being used.
OAuthClientId	The client Id assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.
OAuthClientSecret	The client secret assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.
OAuthAccessToken	The access token for connecting using OAuth.
OAuthAccessTokenSecret	The OAuth access token secret for connecting using OAuth.
OAuthGrantType	The grant type for the OAuth flow.
OAuthPasswordGrantMode	How to pass Client Id and Secret with OAuthGrantType is set to Password.
OAuthIncludeCallbackURL	Whether to include the callback URL in an access token request.
OAuthAuthorizationURL	The authorization URL for the OAuth service.
OAuthAccessTokenURL	The URL to retrieve the OAuth access token from.
OAuthRefreshTokenURL	The URL to refresh the OAuth token from.
OAuthRequestTokenURL	The URL the service provides to retrieve request tokens from. This is required in OAuth 1.0.
AuthToken	The authentication token used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.
AuthKey	The authentication secret used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.
OAuthParams	A comma-separated list of other parameters to submit in the request for the OAuth access token in the format paramname=value.

Kerberos

---

Property	Description
KerberosKDC	The Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) service used to authenticate the user.
KerberosRealm	The Kerberos Realm used to authenticate the user.
KerberosSPN	The service principal name (SPN) for the Kerberos Domain Controller.
KerberosKeytabFile	The Keytab file containing your pairs of Kerberos principals and encrypted keys.
KerberosServiceRealm	The Kerberos realm of the service.
KerberosServiceKDC	The Kerberos KDC of the service.
KerberosTicketCache	The full file path to an MIT Kerberos credential cache file.

SSL

---

Property	Description
SSLClientCert	The TLS/SSL client certificate store for SSL Client Authentication (2-way SSL).
SSLClientCertType	The type of key store containing the TLS/SSL client certificate.
SSLClientCertPassword	The password for the TLS/SSL client certificate.
SSLClientCertSubject	The subject of the TLS/SSL client certificate.
SSLServerCert	The certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

Firewall

---

Property	Description
FirewallType	The protocol used by a proxy-based firewall.
FirewallServer	The name or IP address of a proxy-based firewall.
FirewallPort	The TCP port for a proxy-based firewall.
FirewallUser	The user name to use to authenticate with a proxy-based firewall.
FirewallPassword	A password used to authenticate to a proxy-based firewall.

Proxy

---

Property	Description
ProxyAutoDetect	This indicates whether to use the system proxy settings or not.
ProxyServer	The hostname or IP address of a proxy to route HTTP traffic through.
ProxyPort	The TCP port the ProxyServer proxy is running on.
ProxyAuthScheme	The authentication type to use to authenticate to the ProxyServer proxy.
ProxyUser	A user name to be used to authenticate to the ProxyServer proxy.
ProxyPassword	A password to be used to authenticate to the ProxyServer proxy.
ProxySSLType	The SSL type to use when connecting to the ProxyServer proxy.
ProxyExceptions	A semicolon separated list of destination hostnames or IPs that are exempt from connecting through the ProxyServer .

Logging

---

Property	Description
LogModules	Core modules to be included in the log file.

Schema

---

Property	Description
Location	A path to the directory that contains the schema files defining tables, views, and stored procedures.
BrowsableSchemas	This property restricts the schemas reported to a subset of the available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC.
Tables	This property restricts the tables reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Tables=TableA,TableB,TableC.
Views	Restricts the views reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Views=ViewA,ViewB,ViewC.

Miscellaneous

---

Property	Description
ContinueOnError	Whether or not to continue after encountering an error on a batch request.
Cookies	Allows cookies to be manually specified in name=value pairs separated by a semicolon.
CustomHeaders	Other headers as determined by the user (optional).
CustomUrlParams	The custom query string to be included in the request.
DataFormat	The data format to retrieve data in. Select either ATOM or JSON.
EnableAtomicBatchOperations	Whether or not the CData ADO.NET Provider for OData should use atomic batch operations.
ExpandAsterisk	Indicates whether the asterisk should be expanded in the $select query parameter.
IncludeNavigationParentColumns	Indicates if navigation parent columns should be included on navigation views.
IncludeReferenceColumn	Adds a input only ParentReference column for bulk INSERTs to properly associate children during a deep insert with the same parent.
MaxFilterLength	The maximum number of characters for the $filter query parameter.
MaxRows	Limits the number of rows returned when no aggregation or GROUP BY is used in the query. This takes precedence over LIMIT clauses.
MaxSelectLength	The maximum number of characters for the $Select query parameter.
NavigationPropertiesAsViews	A boolean indicating navigation properties should be promoted to full views.
ODataVersion	The version of OData to use. By default the provider will attempt to autodetect the version.
Other	These hidden properties are used only in specific use cases.
Pagesize	The maximum number of results to return per page from OData.
PseudoColumns	This property indicates whether or not to include pseudo columns as columns to the table.
ServerTimeZone	The timezone by which the server's Edm.DateTime values are represented. The value of this property will affect how Edm.DateTime filters and results are converted between the server and the client machine.
StoredProceduresAsViews	A boolean indicating if we should list stored procedures which return a collection of entities as views.
SupportsExpand	Whether you need to specify the base entity's key to query navigation property views.
SupportsFilter	Set this to true if your OData service supports filters.
SupportsFormulas	A boolean indicating if the odata service supports server side formulas.
Timeout	The value in seconds until the timeout error is thrown, canceling the operation.
UseClientSidePaging	Whether or not the CData ADO.NET Provider for OData should use client side paging.
UseEtags	Whether or not the OData source uses Etags.
UserDefinedViews	A filepath pointing to the JSON configuration file containing your custom views.
UseSimpleNames	Boolean determining if simple names should be used for tables and columns.

This section provides a complete list of the Authentication properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

---

Property	Description
URL	URL to the Organization root or the OData services file. For example, http://MySite/MyOrganization.
AuthScheme	The scheme used for authentication. Accepted entries are NTLM, BASIC, DIGEST, NONE, NEGOTIATE, or SHAREPOINTONLINE.
User	The OData user account used to authenticate.
Password	The password used to authenticate the user.
FeedURL	URL to the OData entity set. For example, http://MySite/MyOrganization/EntitySet.
SharePointUseSSO	Whether or not to use single sign-on (SSO) to authenticate to SharePoint Online.

URL to the Organization root or the OData services file. For example, http://MySite/MyOrganization.

Remarks

URL to the Organization root or the OData services file. For example, http://MySite/MyOrganization.

The scheme used for authentication. Accepted entries are NTLM, BASIC, DIGEST, NONE, NEGOTIATE, or SHAREPOINTONLINE.

Remarks

Together with Password and User, this field is used to authenticate against the OData server. NONE is the default option.

• None: No authentication for this service.
• AzureAD: Set this to perform Azure Active Directory OAuth authentication.
• Basic: Set this to use HTTP Basic authentication.
• Digest: Set this to use HTTP Digest authentication.
• Negotiate: If AuthScheme is set to NEGOTIATE, the Sync App will negotiate an authentication mechanism with the server. Set AuthScheme to NEGOTIATE if you want to use Kerberos authentication.
• NTLM: Set this to use your Windows credentials for authentication.
• OAuth: Set this to establish an OAuth connection.
• SharePointOnline: Set this to use SharePoint Online authentication.

The OData user account used to authenticate.

Remarks

Together with Password, this field is used to authenticate against the OData server.

The password used to authenticate the user.

Remarks

The User and Password are together used to authenticate with the server.

URL to the OData entity set. For example, http://MySite/MyOrganization/EntitySet.

Remarks

URL to the OData entity set. For example, http://MySite/MyOrganization/EntitySet. You can use this property when the OData service does not have a root document.

Whether or not to use single sign-on (SSO) to authenticate to SharePoint Online.

Remarks

When set to true, single sign-on (SSO) will be used to authenticate to SharePoint Online using the account specified via User and Password. The Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS), OneLogin, and OKTA SSO identity providers are supported.

SharePointSSODomain may be required to be set if the domain configured on the SSO domain is different than the domain of the User.

SSO is only applicable when using SharePoint Online and AuthScheme is set to SHAREPOINTONLINE. It is not available for OAuth connections to SharePoint.

This section provides a complete list of the Azure Authentication properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

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Property	Description
AzureADTenant	The Azure Active Directory tenant to authenticate against (only used with Azure AD OAuth).
AzureTenant	The Microsoft Online tenant being used to access data. If not specified, your default tenant is used.
AzureResource	The Azure Active resource to authenticate to (used during Azure OAuth exchange).

The Azure Active Directory tenant to authenticate against (only used with Azure AD OAuth).

Remarks

The tenant must be specified if using Azure Active Directory OAuth. The tenant is used to control who can sign into the application. This should be the name of the tenant such as xxx.onmicrosoft.com, the id such as 8eaef023-2b34-4da1-9baa-8bc8c9d6a490, contoso.onmicrosoft.com, or the word common.

The Microsoft Online tenant being used to access data. If not specified, your default tenant is used.

Remarks

The Microsoft Online tenant being used to access data. For instance, contoso.onmicrosoft.com. Alternatively, specify the tenant Id. This value is the directory Id in the Azure Portal > Azure Active Directory > Properties.

Typically it is not necessary to specify the Tenant. This can be automatically determined by Microsoft when using the OAuthGrantType set to CODE (default). However, it may fail in the case that the user belongs to multiple tenants. For instance, if an Admin of domain A invites a user of domain B to be a guest user. The user will now belong to both tenants. It is a good practice to specify the Tenant, although in general things should normally work without having to specify it.

The AzureTenant is required when setting OAuthGrantType to CLIENT. When using client credentials, there is no user context. The credentials are taken from the context of the app itself. While Microsoft still allows client credentials to be obtained without specifying which Tenant, it has a much lower probability of picking the specific tenant you want to work with. For this reason, we require AzureTenant to be explicitly stated for all client credentials connections to ensure you get credentials that are applicable for the domain you intend to connect to.

The Azure Active resource to authenticate to (used during Azure OAuth exchange).

Remarks

The resource must be specified if using Azure OAuth. It should be set to the App Id URI of the web API (secured resource).

This section provides a complete list of the SSO properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

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Property	Description
SharePointSSODomain	The domain of the user when using single sign-on (SSO).

The domain of the user when using single sign-on (SSO).

Remarks

This property is only applicable when using single sign-on (SharePointUseSSO is set to true) and if the domain of the User (e.g. [email protected]) is different than the domain configured within the SSO service (e.g. [email protected]).

This property may be required when using the AD FS, OneLogin, or OKTA SSO services.

This section provides a complete list of the OAuth properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

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Property	Description
InitiateOAuth	Set this property to initiate the process to obtain or refresh the OAuth access token when you connect.
OAuthVersion	The version of OAuth being used.
OAuthClientId	The client Id assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.
OAuthClientSecret	The client secret assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.
OAuthAccessToken	The access token for connecting using OAuth.
OAuthAccessTokenSecret	The OAuth access token secret for connecting using OAuth.
OAuthGrantType	The grant type for the OAuth flow.
OAuthPasswordGrantMode	How to pass Client Id and Secret with OAuthGrantType is set to Password.
OAuthIncludeCallbackURL	Whether to include the callback URL in an access token request.
OAuthAuthorizationURL	The authorization URL for the OAuth service.
OAuthAccessTokenURL	The URL to retrieve the OAuth access token from.
OAuthRefreshTokenURL	The URL to refresh the OAuth token from.
OAuthRequestTokenURL	The URL the service provides to retrieve request tokens from. This is required in OAuth 1.0.
AuthToken	The authentication token used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.
AuthKey	The authentication secret used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.
OAuthParams	A comma-separated list of other parameters to submit in the request for the OAuth access token in the format paramname=value.

Set this property to initiate the process to obtain or refresh the OAuth access token when you connect.

Remarks

The following options are available:

1. OFF: Indicates that the OAuth flow will be handled entirely by the user. An OAuthAccessToken will be required to authenticate.
2. GETANDREFRESH: Indicates that the entire OAuth Flow will be handled by the Sync App. If no token currently exists, it will be obtained by prompting the user via the browser. If a token exists, it will be refreshed when applicable.
3. REFRESH: Indicates that the Sync App will only handle refreshing the OAuthAccessToken. The user will never be prompted by the Sync App to authenticate via the browser. The user must handle obtaining the OAuthAccessToken and OAuthRefreshToken initially.

The version of OAuth being used.

Remarks

The version of OAuth being used. The following options are available: 1.0,2.0

The client Id assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.

Remarks

As part of registering an OAuth application, you will receive the OAuthClientId value, sometimes also called a consumer key, and a client secret, the OAuthClientSecret.

The client secret assigned when you register your application with an OAuth authorization server.

Remarks

As part of registering an OAuth application, you will receive the OAuthClientId, also called a consumer key. You will also receive a client secret, also called a consumer secret. Set the client secret in the OAuthClientSecret property.

The access token for connecting using OAuth.

Remarks

The OAuthAccessToken property is used to connect using OAuth. The OAuthAccessToken is retrieved from the OAuth server as part of the authentication process. It has a server-dependent timeout and can be reused between requests.

The access token is used in place of your user name and password. The access token protects your credentials by keeping them on the server.

The OAuth access token secret for connecting using OAuth.

Remarks

The OAuthAccessTokenSecret property is used to connect and authenticate using OAuth. The OAuthAccessTokenSecret is retrieved from the OAuth server as part of the authentication process. It is used with the OAuthAccessToken and can be used for multiple requests until it times out.

The grant type for the OAuth flow.

Remarks

The following options are available: CODE,CLIENT,PASSWORD

How to pass Client Id and Secret with OAuthGrantType is set to Password.

Remarks

The OAuth RFC specifies two methods of passing the OAuthClientId and OAuthClientSecret when using the Password OAuthGrantType. The most commonly used is to pass them via post data to the service. However, some services may require that you pass them via the Authorize header as to be used in BASIC authorization. Change this property to Basic to submit the parameters as part of the Authorize header instead of the post data.

Whether to include the callback URL in an access token request.

Remarks

This defaults to true since standards-compliant OAuth services will ignore the redirect_uri parameter for grant types like CLIENT or PASSWORD that do not require it.

This option should only be enabled for OAuth services that report errors when redirect_uri is included.

The authorization URL for the OAuth service.

Remarks

The authorization URL for the OAuth service. At this URL, the user logs into the server and grants permissions to the application. In OAuth 1.0, if permissions are granted, the request token is authorized.

The URL to retrieve the OAuth access token from.

Remarks

The URL to retrieve the OAuth access token from. In OAuth 1.0, the authorized request token is exchanged for the access token at this URL.

The URL to refresh the OAuth token from.

Remarks

The URL to refresh the OAuth token from. In OAuth 2.0, this URL is where the refresh token is exchanged for a new access token when the old access token expires.

The URL the service provides to retrieve request tokens from. This is required in OAuth 1.0.

Remarks

The URL the service provides to retrieve request tokens from. This is required in OAuth 1.0. In OAuth 1.0, this is the URL where the app makes a request for the request token.

The authentication token used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.

Remarks

This property is required only when performing headless authentication in OAuth 1.0. It can be obtained from the GetOAuthAuthorizationUrl stored procedure.

It can be supplied alongside the AuthKey in the GetOAuthAccessToken stored procedure to obtain the OAuthAccessToken.

The authentication secret used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.

Remarks

This property is required only when performing headless authentication in OAuth 1.0. It can be obtained from the GetOAuthAuthorizationUrl stored procedure.

It can be supplied alongside the AuthToken in the GetOAuthAccessToken stored procedure to obtain the OAuthAccessToken.

A comma-separated list of other parameters to submit in the request for the OAuth access token in the format paramname=value.

Remarks

A comma-separated list of other parameters to submit in the request for the OAuth access token in the format paramname=value.

This section provides a complete list of the Kerberos properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

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Property	Description
KerberosKDC	The Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) service used to authenticate the user.
KerberosRealm	The Kerberos Realm used to authenticate the user.
KerberosSPN	The service principal name (SPN) for the Kerberos Domain Controller.
KerberosKeytabFile	The Keytab file containing your pairs of Kerberos principals and encrypted keys.
KerberosServiceRealm	The Kerberos realm of the service.
KerberosServiceKDC	The Kerberos KDC of the service.
KerberosTicketCache	The full file path to an MIT Kerberos credential cache file.

The Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) service used to authenticate the user.

Remarks

The Kerberos properties are used when using SPNEGO or Windows Authentication. The Sync App will request session tickets and temporary session keys from the Kerberos KDC service. The Kerberos KDC service is conventionally colocated with the domain controller.

If Kerberos KDC is not specified, the Sync App will attempt to detect these properties automatically from the following locations:

• KRB5 Config File (krb5.ini/krb5.conf): If the KRB5_CONFIG environment variable is set and the file exists, the Sync App will obtain the KDC from the specified file. Otherwise, it will attempt to read from the default MIT location based on the OS: C:\ProgramData\MIT\Kerberos5\krb5.ini (Windows) or /etc/krb5.conf (Linux).
• Domain Name and Host: If the Kerberos Realm and Kerberos KDC could not be inferred from another location, the Sync App will infer them from the configured domain name and host.

The Kerberos Realm used to authenticate the user.

Remarks

The Kerberos properties are used when using SPNEGO or Windows Authentication. The Kerberos Realm is used to authenticate the user with the Kerberos Key Distribution Service (KDC). The Kerberos Realm can be configured by an administrator to be any string, but conventionally it is based on the domain name.

If Kerberos Realm is not specified, the Sync App will attempt to detect these properties automatically from the following locations:

• KRB5 Config File (krb5.ini/krb5.conf): If the KRB5_CONFIG environment variable is set and the file exists, the Sync App will obtain the default realm from the specified file. Otherwise, it will attempt to read from the default MIT location based on the OS: C:\ProgramData\MIT\Kerberos5\krb5.ini (Windows) or /etc/krb5.conf (Linux)
• Domain Name and Host: If the Kerberos Realm and Kerberos KDC could not be inferred from another location, the Sync App will infer them from the user-configured domain name and host. This might work in some Windows environments.

The service principal name (SPN) for the Kerberos Domain Controller.

Remarks

If the SPN on the Kerberos Domain Controller is not the same as the URL that you are authenticating to, use this property to set the SPN.

The Keytab file containing your pairs of Kerberos principals and encrypted keys.

Remarks

The Keytab file containing your pairs of Kerberos principals and encrypted keys.

The Kerberos realm of the service.

Remarks

The KerberosServiceRealm is the specify the service Kerberos realm when using cross-realm Kerberos authentication.

In most cases, a single realm and KDC machine are used to perform the Kerberos authentication and this property is not required.

This property is available for complex setups where a different realm and KDC machine are used to obtain an authentication ticket (AS request) and a service ticket (TGS request).

The Kerberos KDC of the service.

Remarks

The KerberosServiceKDC is used to specify the service Kerberos KDC when using cross-realm Kerberos authentication.

In most cases, a single realm and KDC machine are used to perform the Kerberos authentication and this property is not required.

This property is available for complex setups where a different realm and KDC machine are used to obtain an authentication ticket (AS request) and a service ticket (TGS request).

The full file path to an MIT Kerberos credential cache file.

Remarks

This property can be set if you wish to use a credential cache file that was created using the MIT Kerberos Ticket Manager or kinit command.

This section provides a complete list of the SSL properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

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Property	Description
SSLClientCert	The TLS/SSL client certificate store for SSL Client Authentication (2-way SSL).
SSLClientCertType	The type of key store containing the TLS/SSL client certificate.
SSLClientCertPassword	The password for the TLS/SSL client certificate.
SSLClientCertSubject	The subject of the TLS/SSL client certificate.
SSLServerCert	The certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

The TLS/SSL client certificate store for SSL Client Authentication (2-way SSL).

Remarks

The name of the certificate store for the client certificate.

The SSLClientCertType field specifies the type of the certificate store specified by SSLClientCert. If the store is password protected, specify the password in SSLClientCertPassword.

SSLClientCert is used in conjunction with the SSLClientCertSubject field in order to specify client certificates. If SSLClientCert has a value, and SSLClientCertSubject is set, a search for a certificate is initiated. See SSLClientCertSubject for more information.

Designations of certificate stores are platform-dependent.

The following are designations of the most common User and Machine certificate stores in Windows:

MY	A certificate store holding personal certificates with their associated private keys.
CA	Certifying authority certificates.
ROOT	Root certificates.
SPC	Software publisher certificates.

In Java, the certificate store normally is a file containing certificates and optional private keys.

When the certificate store type is PFXFile, this property must be set to the name of the file. When the type is PFXBlob, the property must be set to the binary contents of a PFX file (for example, PKCS12 certificate store).

The type of key store containing the TLS/SSL client certificate.

Remarks

This property can take one of the following values:

USER - default	For Windows, this specifies that the certificate store is a certificate store owned by the current user. Note that this store type is not available in Java.
MACHINE	For Windows, this specifies that the certificate store is a machine store. Note that this store type is not available in Java.
PFXFILE	The certificate store is the name of a PFX (PKCS12) file containing certificates.
PFXBLOB	The certificate store is a string (base-64-encoded) representing a certificate store in PFX (PKCS12) format.
JKSFILE	The certificate store is the name of a Java key store (JKS) file containing certificates. Note that this store type is only available in Java.
JKSBLOB	The certificate store is a string (base-64-encoded) representing a certificate store in JKS format. Note that this store type is only available in Java.
PEMKEY_FILE	The certificate store is the name of a PEM-encoded file that contains a private key and an optional certificate.
PEMKEY_BLOB	The certificate store is a string (base64-encoded) that contains a private key and an optional certificate.
PUBLIC_KEY_FILE	The certificate store is the name of a file that contains a PEM- or DER-encoded public key certificate.
PUBLIC_KEY_BLOB	The certificate store is a string (base-64-encoded) that contains a PEM- or DER-encoded public key certificate.
SSHPUBLIC_KEY_FILE	The certificate store is the name of a file that contains an SSH-style public key.
SSHPUBLIC_KEY_BLOB	The certificate store is a string (base-64-encoded) that contains an SSH-style public key.
P7BFILE	The certificate store is the name of a PKCS7 file containing certificates.
PPKFILE	The certificate store is the name of a file that contains a PuTTY Private Key (PPK).
XMLFILE	The certificate store is the name of a file that contains a certificate in XML format.
XMLBLOB	The certificate store is a string that contains a certificate in XML format.

The password for the TLS/SSL client certificate.

Remarks

If the certificate store is of a type that requires a password, this property is used to specify that password to open the certificate store.

The subject of the TLS/SSL client certificate.

Remarks

When loading a certificate the subject is used to locate the certificate in the store.

If an exact match is not found, the store is searched for subjects containing the value of the property. If a match is still not found, the property is set to an empty string, and no certificate is selected.

The special value "*" picks the first certificate in the certificate store.

The certificate subject is a comma separated list of distinguished name fields and values. For example, "CN=www.server.com, OU=test, C=US, [email protected]". The common fields and their meanings are shown below.

Field	Meaning
CN	Common Name. This is commonly a host name like www.server.com.
O	Organization
OU	Organizational Unit
L	Locality
S	State
C	Country
E	Email Address

If a field value contains a comma, it must be quoted.

The certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

Remarks

If using a TLS/SSL connection, this property can be used to specify the TLS/SSL certificate to be accepted from the server. Any other certificate that is not trusted by the machine is rejected.

This property can take the following forms:

Description	Example
A full PEM Certificate (example shortened for brevity)	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIChTCCAe4CAQAwDQYJKoZIhv......Qw== -----END CERTIFICATE-----
A path to a local file containing the certificate	C:\cert.cer
The public key (example shortened for brevity)	-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSq......AQAB -----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
The MD5 Thumbprint (hex values can also be either space or colon separated)	ecadbdda5a1529c58a1e9e09828d70e4
The SHA1 Thumbprint (hex values can also be either space or colon separated)	34a929226ae0819f2ec14b4a3d904f801cbb150d

If not specified, any certificate trusted by the machine is accepted.

Use '*' to signify to accept all certificates. Note that this is not recommended due to security concerns.

This section provides a complete list of the Firewall properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

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Property	Description
FirewallType	The protocol used by a proxy-based firewall.
FirewallServer	The name or IP address of a proxy-based firewall.
FirewallPort	The TCP port for a proxy-based firewall.
FirewallUser	The user name to use to authenticate with a proxy-based firewall.
FirewallPassword	A password used to authenticate to a proxy-based firewall.

The protocol used by a proxy-based firewall.

Remarks

This property specifies the protocol that the Sync App will use to tunnel traffic through the FirewallServer proxy. Note that by default, the Sync App connects to the system proxy; to disable this behavior and connect to one of the following proxy types, set ProxyAutoDetect to false.

Type	Default Port	Description
TUNNEL	80	When this is set, the Sync App opens a connection to OData and traffic flows back and forth through the proxy.
SOCKS4	1080	When this is set, the Sync App sends data through the SOCKS 4 proxy specified by FirewallServer and FirewallPort and passes the FirewallUser value to the proxy, which determines if the connection request should be granted.
SOCKS5	1080	When this is set, the Sync App sends data through the SOCKS 5 proxy specified by FirewallServer and FirewallPort. If your proxy requires authentication, set FirewallUser and FirewallPassword to credentials the proxy recognizes.

To connect to HTTP proxies, use ProxyServer and ProxyPort. To authenticate to HTTP proxies, use ProxyAuthScheme, ProxyUser, and ProxyPassword.

The name or IP address of a proxy-based firewall.

Remarks

This property specifies the IP address, DNS name, or host name of a proxy allowing traversal of a firewall. The protocol is specified by FirewallType: Use FirewallServer with this property to connect through SOCKS or do tunneling. Use ProxyServer to connect to an HTTP proxy.

Note that the Sync App uses the system proxy by default. To use a different proxy, set ProxyAutoDetect to false.

The TCP port for a proxy-based firewall.

Remarks

This specifies the TCP port for a proxy allowing traversal of a firewall. Use FirewallServer to specify the name or IP address. Specify the protocol with FirewallType.

The user name to use to authenticate with a proxy-based firewall.

Remarks

The FirewallUser and FirewallPassword properties are used to authenticate against the proxy specified in FirewallServer and FirewallPort, following the authentication method specified in FirewallType.

A password used to authenticate to a proxy-based firewall.

Remarks

This property is passed to the proxy specified by FirewallServer and FirewallPort, following the authentication method specified by FirewallType.

This section provides a complete list of the Proxy properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

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Property	Description
ProxyAutoDetect	This indicates whether to use the system proxy settings or not.
ProxyServer	The hostname or IP address of a proxy to route HTTP traffic through.
ProxyPort	The TCP port the ProxyServer proxy is running on.
ProxyAuthScheme	The authentication type to use to authenticate to the ProxyServer proxy.
ProxyUser	A user name to be used to authenticate to the ProxyServer proxy.
ProxyPassword	A password to be used to authenticate to the ProxyServer proxy.
ProxySSLType	The SSL type to use when connecting to the ProxyServer proxy.
ProxyExceptions	A semicolon separated list of destination hostnames or IPs that are exempt from connecting through the ProxyServer .

This indicates whether to use the system proxy settings or not.

Remarks

This takes precedence over other proxy settings, so you'll need to set ProxyAutoDetect to FALSE in order use custom proxy settings.

To connect to an HTTP proxy, see ProxyServer. For other proxies, such as SOCKS or tunneling, see FirewallType.

The hostname or IP address of a proxy to route HTTP traffic through.

Remarks

The hostname or IP address of a proxy to route HTTP traffic through. The Sync App can use the HTTP, Windows (NTLM), or Kerberos authentication types to authenticate to an HTTP proxy.

If you need to connect through a SOCKS proxy or tunnel the connection, see FirewallType.

By default, the Sync App uses the system proxy. If you need to use another proxy, set ProxyAutoDetect to false.

The TCP port the ProxyServer proxy is running on.

Remarks

The port the HTTP proxy is running on that you want to redirect HTTP traffic through. Specify the HTTP proxy in ProxyServer. For other proxy types, see FirewallType.

The authentication type to use to authenticate to the ProxyServer proxy.

Remarks

This value specifies the authentication type to use to authenticate to the HTTP proxy specified by ProxyServer and ProxyPort.

Note that the Sync App will use the system proxy settings by default, without further configuration needed; if you want to connect to another proxy, you will need to set ProxyAutoDetect to false, in addition to ProxyServer and ProxyPort. To authenticate, set ProxyAuthScheme and set ProxyUser and ProxyPassword, if needed.

The authentication type can be one of the following:

• BASIC: The Sync App performs HTTP BASIC authentication.
• DIGEST: The Sync App performs HTTP DIGEST authentication.
• NEGOTIATE: The Sync App retrieves an NTLM or Kerberos token based on the applicable protocol for authentication.
• PROPRIETARY: The Sync App does not generate an NTLM or Kerberos token. You must supply this token in the Authorization header of the HTTP request.

If you need to use another authentication type, such as SOCKS 5 authentication, see FirewallType.

A user name to be used to authenticate to the ProxyServer proxy.

Remarks

The ProxyUser and ProxyPassword options are used to connect and authenticate against the HTTP proxy specified in ProxyServer.

You can select one of the available authentication types in ProxyAuthScheme. If you are using HTTP authentication, set this to the user name of a user recognized by the HTTP proxy. If you are using Windows or Kerberos authentication, set this property to a user name in one of the following formats:

user@domain
domain\user

A password to be used to authenticate to the ProxyServer proxy.

Remarks

This property is used to authenticate to an HTTP proxy server that supports NTLM (Windows), Kerberos, or HTTP authentication. To specify the HTTP proxy, you can set ProxyServer and ProxyPort. To specify the authentication type, set ProxyAuthScheme.

If you are using HTTP authentication, additionally set ProxyUser and ProxyPassword to HTTP proxy.

If you are using NTLM authentication, set ProxyUser and ProxyPassword to your Windows password. You may also need these to complete Kerberos authentication.

For SOCKS 5 authentication or tunneling, see FirewallType.

By default, the Sync App uses the system proxy. If you want to connect to another proxy, set ProxyAutoDetect to false.

The SSL type to use when connecting to the ProxyServer proxy.

Remarks

This property determines when to use SSL for the connection to an HTTP proxy specified by ProxyServer. This value can be AUTO, ALWAYS, NEVER, or TUNNEL. The applicable values are the following:

AUTO	Default setting. If the URL is an HTTPS URL, the Sync App will use the TUNNEL option. If the URL is an HTTP URL, the component will use the NEVER option.
ALWAYS	The connection is always SSL enabled.
NEVER	The connection is not SSL enabled.
TUNNEL	The connection is through a tunneling proxy. The proxy server opens a connection to the remote host and traffic flows back and forth through the proxy.

A semicolon separated list of destination hostnames or IPs that are exempt from connecting through the ProxyServer .

Remarks

The ProxyServer is used for all addresses, except for addresses defined in this property. Use semicolons to separate entries.

Note that the Sync App uses the system proxy settings by default, without further configuration needed; if you want to explicitly configure proxy exceptions for this connection, you need to set ProxyAutoDetect = false, and configure ProxyServer and ProxyPort. To authenticate, set ProxyAuthScheme and set ProxyUser and ProxyPassword, if needed.

This section provides a complete list of the Logging properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

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Property	Description
LogModules	Core modules to be included in the log file.

Core modules to be included in the log file.

Remarks

Only the modules specified (separated by ';') will be included in the log file. By default all modules are included.

See the Logging page for an overview.

This section provides a complete list of the Schema properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

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Property	Description
Location	A path to the directory that contains the schema files defining tables, views, and stored procedures.
BrowsableSchemas	This property restricts the schemas reported to a subset of the available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC.
Tables	This property restricts the tables reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Tables=TableA,TableB,TableC.
Views	Restricts the views reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Views=ViewA,ViewB,ViewC.

A path to the directory that contains the schema files defining tables, views, and stored procedures.

Remarks

The path to a directory which contains the schema files for the Sync App (.rsd files for tables and views, .rsb files for stored procedures). The folder location can be a relative path from the location of the executable. The Location property is only needed if you want to customize definitions (for example, change a column name, ignore a column, and so on) or extend the data model with new tables, views, or stored procedures.

If left unspecified, the default location is "%APPDATA%\\CData\\OData Data Provider\\Schema" with %APPDATA% being set to the user's configuration directory:

Platform	%APPDATA%
Windows	The value of the APPDATA environment variable
Linux	~/.config

This property restricts the schemas reported to a subset of the available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC.

Remarks

Listing the schemas from databases can be expensive. Providing a list of schemas in the connection string improves the performance.

This property restricts the tables reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Tables=TableA,TableB,TableC.

Remarks

Listing the tables from some databases can be expensive. Providing a list of tables in the connection string improves the performance of the Sync App.

This property can also be used as an alternative to automatically listing views if you already know which ones you want to work with and there would otherwise be too many to work with.

Specify the tables you want in a comma-separated list. Each table should be a valid SQL identifier with any special characters escaped using square brackets, double-quotes or backticks. For example, Tables=TableA,[TableB/WithSlash],WithCatalog.WithSchema.`TableC With Space`.

Note that when connecting to a data source with multiple schemas or catalogs, you will need to provide the fully qualified name of the table in this property, as in the last example here, to avoid ambiguity between tables that exist in multiple catalogs or schemas.

Restricts the views reported to a subset of the available tables. For example, Views=ViewA,ViewB,ViewC.

Remarks

Listing the views from some databases can be expensive. Providing a list of views in the connection string improves the performance of the Sync App.

This property can also be used as an alternative to automatically listing views if you already know which ones you want to work with and there would otherwise be too many to work with.

Specify the views you want in a comma-separated list. Each view should be a valid SQL identifier with any special characters escaped using square brackets, double-quotes or backticks. For example, Views=ViewA,[ViewB/WithSlash],WithCatalog.WithSchema.`ViewC With Space`.

Note that when connecting to a data source with multiple schemas or catalogs, you will need to provide the fully qualified name of the table in this property, as in the last example here, to avoid ambiguity between tables that exist in multiple catalogs or schemas.

This section provides a complete list of the Miscellaneous properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

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Property	Description
ContinueOnError	Whether or not to continue after encountering an error on a batch request.
Cookies	Allows cookies to be manually specified in name=value pairs separated by a semicolon.
CustomHeaders	Other headers as determined by the user (optional).
CustomUrlParams	The custom query string to be included in the request.
DataFormat	The data format to retrieve data in. Select either ATOM or JSON.
EnableAtomicBatchOperations	Whether or not the CData ADO.NET Provider for OData should use atomic batch operations.
ExpandAsterisk	Indicates whether the asterisk should be expanded in the $select query parameter.
IncludeNavigationParentColumns	Indicates if navigation parent columns should be included on navigation views.
IncludeReferenceColumn	Adds a input only ParentReference column for bulk INSERTs to properly associate children during a deep insert with the same parent.
MaxFilterLength	The maximum number of characters for the $filter query parameter.
MaxRows	Limits the number of rows returned when no aggregation or GROUP BY is used in the query. This takes precedence over LIMIT clauses.
MaxSelectLength	The maximum number of characters for the $Select query parameter.
NavigationPropertiesAsViews	A boolean indicating navigation properties should be promoted to full views.
ODataVersion	The version of OData to use. By default the provider will attempt to autodetect the version.
Other	These hidden properties are used only in specific use cases.
Pagesize	The maximum number of results to return per page from OData.
PseudoColumns	This property indicates whether or not to include pseudo columns as columns to the table.
ServerTimeZone	The timezone by which the server's Edm.DateTime values are represented. The value of this property will affect how Edm.DateTime filters and results are converted between the server and the client machine.
StoredProceduresAsViews	A boolean indicating if we should list stored procedures which return a collection of entities as views.
SupportsExpand	Whether you need to specify the base entity's key to query navigation property views.
SupportsFilter	Set this to true if your OData service supports filters.
SupportsFormulas	A boolean indicating if the odata service supports server side formulas.
Timeout	The value in seconds until the timeout error is thrown, canceling the operation.
UseClientSidePaging	Whether or not the CData ADO.NET Provider for OData should use client side paging.
UseEtags	Whether or not the OData source uses Etags.
UserDefinedViews	A filepath pointing to the JSON configuration file containing your custom views.
UseSimpleNames	Boolean determining if simple names should be used for tables and columns.

Whether or not to continue after encountering an error on a batch request.

Remarks

This connection property is only supported on servers with OData version 4.0 and higher. However, individual servers may choose to ignore this setting. Setting ContinueOnError to true will cause exceptions to be returned in the temporary table instead of being thrown when a batch request is attempted.

Allows cookies to be manually specified in name=value pairs separated by a semicolon.

Remarks

In general it should not be required to set this property. However, there are many different flavors of OData services. If your solution requires cookies that are obtained outside of the CData Sync App, they can be manually specified here. Specify cookies in name=value pairs separated by a semicolon. For instance: Cookie1=value;Cookie2=value2.

Other headers as determined by the user (optional).

Remarks

This property can be set to a string of headers to be appended to the HTTP request headers created from other properties, like ContentType, From, and so on.

The headers must be of the format "header: value" as described in the HTTP specifications. Header lines should be separated by the carriage return and line feed (CRLF) characters.

Use this property with caution. If this property contains invalid headers, HTTP requests may fail.

This property is useful for fine-tuning the functionality of the Sync App to integrate with specialized or nonstandard APIs.

The custom query string to be included in the request.

Remarks

The CustomUrlParams allow you to specify custom query string parameters that are included with the HTTP request. The parameters must be encoded as a query string in the form field1=value1&field2=value2&field3=value3. The values in the query string must be URL encoded.

The data format to retrieve data in. Select either ATOM or JSON.

Remarks

Note that not all data sources support JSON. Other IANA content types are not supported at this time. Leave blank to use the system service default. If blank, ATOM will be used when submitting data in an INSERT or update.

Whether or not the CData ADO.NET Provider for OData should use atomic batch operations.

Remarks

Whether or not the CData Sync App should use atomic batch operations.

Indicates whether the asterisk should be expanded in the $select query parameter.

Remarks

When ExpandAsterisk is set to true all columns will be listed in the $select query parameter.

For example:

SELECT * FROM Items

All columns will be listed in projection.

SELECT col1,col2, ... , coln FROM Items

Indicates if navigation parent columns should be included on navigation views.

Remarks

When NavigationPropertiesAsViews is set to true, this property controls if parent columns from the navigation property will be displayed or not on the view. It may be worth displaying them in order to take advantage of being able to filter based on information about the parent.

When set to false, the primary keys of the parent will still be displayed to allow for joining back to the parent, but other other columns will not be.

Adds a input only ParentReference column for bulk INSERTs to properly associate children during a deep insert with the same parent.

Remarks

Adds a input only ParentReference column for bulk INSERTs to properly associate children during a deep insert with the same parent.

The maximum number of characters for the $filter query parameter.

Remarks

Some APIs have a limitation on the number of characters that can be included in the URL. If the set MaxFilterLength limit is reached, the filter is processed internally by the driver.

Limits the number of rows returned when no aggregation or GROUP BY is used in the query. This takes precedence over LIMIT clauses.

Remarks

Limits the number of rows returned when no aggregation or GROUP BY is used in the query. This takes precedence over LIMIT clauses.

The maximum number of characters for the $Select query parameter.

Remarks

Some APIs have a limitation on the number of characters that can be included in the URL. If the set MaxSelectLength limit is reached, all columns will be retrieved from the service and then will be filtered clientside.

A boolean indicating navigation properties should be promoted to full views.

Remarks

This property can be useful for OData services that can return related collections of entities, or navigation properties. Some OData entities can only be accessed through navigation properties. NavigationPropertiesAsViews will cause all of the discovered navigation properties to be added as views in the format ParentTable_NavigationProperty.

Retrieving Data from Limited OData APIs

In most cases, NavigationPropertiesAsViews can be left on and the resulting views can be accessed with any SELECT query. However, some OData APIs have limitations that require you to specify the primary key of the parent record when querying a navigation property.

For example:

SELECT * FROM Categories_Products WHERE Categories_CategoryId='1'

You will also need to set SupportsExpand to false. You can find more information on this API limitation in the documentation for the property.

The version of OData to use. By default the provider will attempt to autodetect the version.

Remarks

The version of OData to use. By default the Sync App will automatically attempt to determine the version the service is using. If a version cannot be resolved, 3.0 will be used. This can optionally be manually set.

These hidden properties are used only in specific use cases.

Remarks

The properties listed below are available for specific use cases. Normal driver use cases and functionality should not require these properties.

Specify multiple properties in a semicolon-separated list.

Integration and Formatting

DefaultColumnSize	Sets the default length of string fields when the data source does not provide column length in the metadata. The default value is 2000.
ConvertDateTimeToGMT	Determines whether to convert date-time values to GMT, instead of the local time of the machine.
RecordToFile=filename	Records the underlying socket data transfer to the specified file.

The maximum number of results to return per page from OData.

Remarks

The Pagesize property affects the maximum number of results to return per page from OData. Setting a higher value may result in better performance at the cost of additional memory allocated per page consumed.

This property indicates whether or not to include pseudo columns as columns to the table.

Remarks

This setting is particularly helpful in Entity Framework, which does not allow you to set a value for a pseudo column unless it is a table column. The value of this connection setting is of the format "Table1=Column1, Table1=Column2, Table2=Column3". You can use the "*" character to include all tables and all columns; for example, "*=*".

The timezone by which the server's Edm.DateTime values are represented. The value of this property will affect how Edm.DateTime filters and results are converted between the server and the client machine.

Remarks

By default, Edm.DateTime values in the server will be assumed to be GMT. If the server is known to represent such values in a specific timezone, then the abbreviation of that timezone can be provided here (i.e. EST). From there, the driver will convert any Edm.DateTime derived filters from the installed machine's local timezone to the one specified for the server. Conversely, similar values returned by the OData server will be converted from the specified timezone to the installed machine's local timezone before being exposed in the result set.

A boolean indicating if we should list stored procedures which return a collection of entities as views.

Remarks

A boolean indicating if we should list stored procedures which return a collection of entities as views.

Whether you need to specify the base entity's key to query navigation property views.

Remarks

This connection property is primarily used with limited OData APIs; it determines whether navigation properties can be retrieved from the base entity set. In OData, navigation properties link a base entity to a related entity or a collection of related entitites.

For more on navigation properties, see Data Model.

Working with Limited APIs

In OData, the $expand parameter is used to expand specified navigation properties when requesting data from a given entity set. In SQL, this makes it possible to execute a SELECT * to a navigation property view.

If $expand is not supported, a different request must be made to retrieve a navigation property, one that specifies the primary key of the base entity set. This API restriction is reflected in SQL: You will need to specify the base entity's primary key in the WHERE clause.

For example, consider two entities with a one-to-many relationship in the Northwind sample service, Categories and Products. In OData, the Products associated with a given Category could be represented as a navigation property on the base Category entity set. The Sync App models the Products navigation property as a Categories_Products view.

If $expand is not supported, use a query like the following to this view:

SELECT       * 
FROM         Categories_Products
WHERE        (Categories_CategoryID = 1)

Set this to true if your OData service supports filters.

Remarks

This connection property is primarily used with limited OData APIs.

If your OData service supports the $filter query parameter, set this to true. When set to true, the Sync App defers filter processing to the OData service, which has a performance benefit. If you set this property to true when your OData service does not support $filter, the Sync App returns "not supported" errors for queries containing filters.

If your OData service does not support the $filter query parameter, set this to false. When set to false, the Sync App retrieves all of requested data for a given query from the OData service before filtering it client-side. This is slower than deferring filters to the OData service, so only set this property to false if $filter is unsupported on your service.

For example, if $filter is not supported, the following criteria is handled by the driver:

SELECT       * 
FROM         Categories_Products
WHERE        (Categories_CategoryID = 1)

A boolean indicating if the odata service supports server side formulas.

Remarks

OData has a number of server side formulas that are built into the specifications. However, many services do not natively support them and will return errors when these formulas are appended to the $filter parameter. These formulas can be used to make some queries that use them execute much faster. If your OData service supports formulas, change this connection property to true. Otherwise, leave it as false.

The value in seconds until the timeout error is thrown, canceling the operation.

Remarks

If Timeout = 0, operations do not time out. The operations run until they complete successfully or until they encounter an error condition.

If Timeout expires and the operation is not yet complete, the Sync App throws an exception.

Whether or not the CData ADO.NET Provider for OData should use client side paging.

Remarks

Some sources do not support server side paging. In these cases, set UseClientSidePaging to true. Otherwise, leave it as false. Setting UseClientSidePaging to true on a source that already supports paging can cause incomplete results.

Whether or not the OData source uses Etags.

Remarks

Some OData sources do not use Etags. In these instances, set UseEtags to False.

A filepath pointing to the JSON configuration file containing your custom views.

Remarks

User Defined Views are defined in a JSON-formatted configuration file called UserDefinedViews.json. The Sync App automatically detects the views specified in this file.

You can also have multiple view definitions and control them using the UserDefinedViews connection property. When you use this property, only the specified views are seen by the Sync App.

This User Defined View configuration file is formatted as follows:

• Each root element defines the name of a view.
• Each root element contains a child element, called query, which contains the custom SQL query for the view.

For example:

{
	"MyView": {
		"query": "SELECT * FROM Lead WHERE MyColumn = 'value'"
	},
	"MyView2": {
		"query": "SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Id IN (1,2,3)"
	}
}

Use the UserDefinedViews connection property to specify the location of your JSON configuration file. For example:

"UserDefinedViews", C:\Users\yourusername\Desktop\tmp\UserDefinedViews.json

Note that the specified path is not embedded in quotation marks.

Boolean determining if simple names should be used for tables and columns.

Remarks

OData tables and columns can use special characters in names that are normally not allowed in standard databases. UseSimpleNames makes the Sync App easier to use with traditional database tools.

Setting UseSimpleNames to true will simplify the names of tables and columns returned. It will enforce a naming scheme such that only alphanumeric characters and the underscore are valid for the displayed table and column names. Any nonalphanumeric characters will be converted to an underscore.