A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

• SELECT
• INTO
• FROM
• JOIN
• WHERE
• GROUP BY
• HAVING
• UNION
• ORDER BY
• LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the driver:

SELECT {
  [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
  { 
    * 
    | { 
        <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] 
        | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* 
      } [ , ... ] 
  }
  [ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]
  { 
    FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  } [ , ... ]
  [ [  
      INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] } 
    ] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  ] [ ... ] 
  [ WHERE <search_condition> ]
  [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
  [ HAVING <search_condition> ]
  [ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
  [ 
    ORDER BY 
    <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
  ]
  [ 
    LIMIT <expression>
    [ 
      { OFFSET | , }
      <expression> 
    ]
  ] 
} | SCOPE_IDENTITY() 

<expression> ::=
  | <column_reference>
  | @ <parameter> 
  | ?
  | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
  | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> ) 
  | NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> ) 
  | COALESCE ( <expression> , ... ) 
  | CASE <expression>
      WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
    [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
    END 
  | <literal>
  | <sql_function> 

<search_condition> ::= 
  {
    <expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ]
  } [ { AND | OR } ... ] 

Examples

1. Return all columns:
   

   SELECT * FROM AccountCollection

2. Rename a column:
   

   SELECT [AccountName] AS MY_AccountName FROM AccountCollection

3. Cast a column's data as a different data type:
   

   SELECT CAST(AnnualRevenue AS VARCHAR) AS Str_AnnualRevenue FROM AccountCollection

4. Search data:
   

   SELECT * FROM AccountCollection WHERE AccountName <> 'MyAccount'

5. Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM AccountCollection 

6. Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT AccountName) FROM AccountCollection 

7. Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT DISTINCT AccountName FROM AccountCollection 

8. Summarize data:
   

   SELECT AccountName, MAX(AnnualRevenue) FROM AccountCollection GROUP BY AccountName

   See Aggregate Functions for details.
9. Retrieve data from multiple tables.
   

   SELECT AccountCollection.AccountName, AccountNotesCollection.Text FROM AccountCollection, AccountNotesCollection WHERE AccountCollection.ObjectID = AccountNotesCollection.ParentObjectID

   See JOIN Queries for details.
10. Sort a result set in ascending order:
    

    SELECT ObjectID, AccountName FROM AccountCollection  ORDER BY AccountName ASC

11. Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:
    

    SELECT ObjectID, AccountName FROM AccountCollection LIMIT 10 

12. Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.
    

    SELECT * FROM AccountCollection WHERE AccountName = @param

See Explicitly Caching Data for information on using the SELECT statement in offline mode.

Pseudo Columns

Some input-only fields are available in SELECT statements. These fields, called pseudo columns, do not appear as regular columns in the results, yet may be specified as part of the WHERE clause. You can use pseudo columns to access additional features from SAP Cloud for Customer.

    SELECT * FROM AccountCollection WHERE Pseudo = '@Pseudo'