This page provides a guide to Establishing a Connection to Odoo in CData Cloud, as well as information on the available resources, and a reference to the available connection properties.

Connecting to Odoo

Establishing a Connection shows how to authenticate to Odoo and configure any necessary connection properties to create a database in CData Cloud

Accessing Data from CData Cloud Services

Accessing data from Odoo through the available standard services and CData Cloud administration is documented in further details in the CData Cloud Documentation.

Connect to Odoo by selecting the corresponding icon in the Database tab. Required properties are listed under Settings. The Advanced tab lists connection properties that are not typically required.

Connecting to Odoo

To connect, set the URL to your Odoo instance URL, User and APIToken to your user credentials, and Database to your Odoo database name.

If you are not using an API token (available only in Odoo 14 and later), you can enter your password directly into the APIToken field instead.

Quick Start: Connecting to Odoo Online

The steps below are a typical setup for connecting to Odoo Online:

1. Set OdooEdition to Online.
2. Set URL to the full URL of your Odoo instance, such as https://mycompany.odoo.com.
3. Set User to your Odoo login (email or username).
4. Set APIToken to your API key or password.
5. Set Database to your database name (optional for Odoo Online, required for On-Premises).

Note: For On-Premises Odoo, the steps are similar, but you must always provide Database and ensure your server is accessible to the Cloud. For Odoo Online, the database may be detected automatically, but setting it is recommended.

Odoo Edition

The OdooEdition property determines how the connection is established. Odoo offers two different types of environments, and this setting tells the Cloud which one you are using:

• Online: For Odoo's cloud-hosted SaaS version at odoo.com
• OnPrem: For Odoo installations that you or your company host on your own servers

If you're unsure, use Online if you access Odoo from a web address like yourcompany.odoo.com. Use OnPrem if your organization manages its own Odoo server (often accessed via a custom domain or local network).

Database

Odoo supports multiple databases under the same server. You must provide the name of the specific database you want to connect to.

• For Odoo Online: The database name is often included in the web address, and the Cloud may be able to detect it automatically if Database is left blank. However, in some cases, the database is not visible in the URL and must be specified manually. Setting this value is always recommended for reliability.
• For Odoo On-Premises: You must set the Database property. The Cloud cannot detect the database automatically in this case.

How to Find Your Database Name (Odoo Online)

1. Log into your Odoo Online account
2. Click your profile icon in the top-right corner and choose My Databases
3. Your database name will be listed in the table

Alternatively, you can often see the database name in the subdomain of your URL. If your address is https://mycompany.odoo.com, your database name is likely mycompany.

Access Rights

To discover available models (tables) in Odoo, the Cloud checks the internal ir.model.access table, which defines what models a user is allowed to see.

By default, only Odoo administrators have permission to read this table. To give a non-admin user access, create a new group:

1. Log in as an administrator and enable developer mode in Odoo settings.
2. Open the Groups page (under the Users drop-down) and create a new group.
3. Set the Application to Administration and name the group "Service Access".
4. Add the users who need access under the Users tab.
5. In the Access Rights tab, add a permission for ir.model.access (or Model Access), check Read, and name it Inspect Models.

If you're unable to grant access in this way, set the CheckPermissions property to false. This disables permission checking and allows the Cloud to list all available models, even if the user doesn't have explicit access.

Troubleshooting

If you encounter errors like missing database or authentication failed, try the following:

• Double-check the value of Database, especially for On-Prem environments.
• Make sure your user credentials are valid by logging into Odoo directly.
• If using Odoo Online, try leaving Database blank and allow auto-detection.
• Ensure the correct OdooEdition is set (Online vs OnPrem).

Customizing the SSL Configuration

To enable TLS, set the following:

• URL: Prefix the connection string with https://

With this configuration, the Cloud attempts to negotiate TLS with the server. The server certificate is validated against the default system trusted certificate store. You can override how the certificate gets validated using the SSLServerCert connection property.

To specify another certificate, see the SSLServerCert connection property.

Connecting Through a Firewall or Proxy

HTTP Proxies

To authenticate to an HTTP proxy, set the following:

• ProxyServer: the hostname or IP address of the proxy server that you want to route HTTP traffic through.
• ProxyPort: the TCP port that the proxy server is running on.
• ProxyAuthScheme: the authentication method the Cloud uses when authenticating to the proxy server.
• ProxyUser: the username of a user account registered with the proxy server.
• ProxyPassword: the password associated with the ProxyUser.

Other Proxies

Set the following properties:

• To use a proxy-based firewall, set FirewallType, FirewallServer, and FirewallPort.
• To tunnel the connection, set FirewallType to TUNNEL.
• To authenticate, specify FirewallUser and FirewallPassword.
• To authenticate to a SOCKS proxy, additionally set FirewallType to SOCKS5.

The Cloud represents Odoo models as relational tables and views. The table definitions are dynamically obtained from the Odoo site you connect to, and the exact ones that will be available to you will be different depending on the apps you have installed. The tables listed here are only examples, which may differ from those available.

• Tables specify which models can be modified and which are read-only. Modifiable models are represented as tables, allowing for reading, inserting, updating, and deleting data.
• Views read-only models are represented as views, enabling data retrieval like tables while prohibiting insertions, updates, or deletions to maintain data integrity.
• Stored Procedures are scripts that are invoked via SQL queries. They perform tasks beyond standard CRUD operations, and can be used to search, update, and modify information in Odoo.
• Models within Odoo, in addition to columns containing simple values, such as text and dates, there are also columns that hold multiple values in each row. The driver interprets these values differently, based on the type of column from which the value originates. The columns describe different types of relationships that can exist between models (or database tables).

Views are similar to tables in the way that data is represented; however, views are read-only.

Queries can be executed against a view as if it were a normal table.

CData Cloud - Odoo Views

Name	Description
FieldReferences	Contains mappings and metadata for Odoo relational fields (many2one, many2many) to identify dependencies, support module development, and ensure data integrity.

Contains mappings and metadata for Odoo relational fields (many2one, many2many) to identify dependencies, support module development, and ensure data integrity.

Columns

Name	Type	References	Description
ReferenceTable	String		The name of the source table that contains the reference field, which points to a key field in another table to establish a relational link.
ReferenceColumn	String		The specific column within the source table that holds the reference to a field in a different table. This is typically a foreign key used to enforce referential integrity.
TargetTable	String		The name of the target table whose primary key or unique field is referenced by the column specified in the source table. This defines the relationship endpoint.
IsMultiValued	Boolean		Indicates whether the reference column is designed to store multiple values, meaning it can hold a list of references instead of a single one. This is common in many-to-many relationships or JSON-based field storage.

Stored procedures are function-like interfaces that extend the functionality of the Cloud beyond simple SELECT/INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE operations with Odoo.

Stored procedures accept a list of parameters, perform their intended function, and then return any relevant response data from Odoo, along with an indication of whether the procedure succeeded or failed.

CData Cloud - Odoo Stored Procedures

Name	Description
CallProcedure	Executes a server-side Remote Procedure Call (RPC) within the Odoo framework, allowing seamless interaction with business logic components such as models, workflows, and services. Typically, it triggers automated processes or retrieves computed data from the backend.

Executes a server-side Remote Procedure Call (RPC) within the Odoo framework, allowing seamless interaction with business logic components such as models, workflows, and services. Typically, it triggers automated processes or retrieves computed data from the backend.

Procedure-Specific Information

Odoo exposes its RPCs using the External API. This API uses an XML-RPC method called execute_kw to call Odoo procedures on specific modules. Internally the method looks like this:

execute_kw(database, user_id, password, model, operation, arguments, keyword_args)

The Cloud will provide the connection information automatically, so the only parameters required for CallProcedure are the model, the operation, a list of arguments and a map of keyword arguments. The arguments and keyword arguments are provided as a JSON array and object respectively. The Cloud will take the result of the RPC and convert it back into JSON for the procedure output.

For example, you could call the 'read' method on the 'hr.employee' model to read information about specific employees. In this case you would retrieve the name and department for the employees with the IDs 2 and 4:

EXECUTE CallProcedure
  Model = 'hr.employee',
  Operation = 'read',
  -- The read RPC takes one argument, which is the list of IDs
  Arguments = '[[4, 2]]',
  KeywordArgs = '{"fields": ["department_id", "name"]}'

Calling this procedure on the Odoo sample data will return this JSON result:

[
  {"department_id": [4, "Research & Development"], "id": 4, "name": "Sharlene Rhodes"},
  {"department_id": [4, "Research & Development"], "id": 2, "name": "Ronnie Hart"}
]

Input

Name	Type	Description
Model	String	Specifies the name of the Odoo model, such as res.partner or sale.order, for executing the Remote Procedure Call (RPC). This enables targeting specific data structures within the Odoo system.
Operation	String	Defines the name of the operation or method to be executed on the given model. This typically corresponds to a method defined in the model's Python class, representing actions such as 'create', 'write', or custom business logic.
Arguments	String	A list of positional arguments to pass to the specified operation. This should be formatted as a JSON list, which can include values like record IDs, simple data values, or nested structures required by the RPC.
KeywordArgs	String	A dictionary of named arguments passed to the operation, formatted as a JSON object. This allows for more explicit parameter passing and can include options, such as context values, field updates, or flags controlling execution behavior.

Result Set Columns

Name	Type	Description
JSON	String	The complete output returned by the remote procedure call, serialized into JSON format. This output can include created record IDs, result data, or structured error messages depending on the operation invoked.

You can query the system tables described in this section to access schema information, information on data source functionality, and batch operation statistics.

Schema Tables

The following tables return database metadata for Odoo:

• sys_catalogs: Lists the available databases.
• sys_schemas: Lists the available schemas.
• sys_tables: Lists the available tables and views.
• sys_tablecolumns: Describes the columns of the available tables and views.
• sys_procedures: Describes the available stored procedures.
• sys_procedureparameters: Describes stored procedure parameters.
• sys_keycolumns: Describes the primary and foreign keys.
• sys_indexes: Describes the available indexes.

Data Source Tables

The following tables return information about how to connect to and query the data source:

• sys_connection_props: Returns information on the available connection properties.
• sys_sqlinfo: Describes the SELECT queries that the Cloud can offload to the data source.

Query Information Tables

The following table returns query statistics for data modification queries:

• sys_identity: Returns information about batch operations or single updates.

Lists the available databases.

The following query retrieves all databases determined by the connection string:

SELECT * FROM sys_catalogs

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The database name.

Lists the available schemas.

The following query retrieves all available schemas:

          SELECT * FROM sys_schemas
          

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The database name.
SchemaName	String	The schema name.

Lists the available tables.

The following query retrieves the available tables and views:

          SELECT * FROM sys_tables
          

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The database containing the table or view.
SchemaName	String	The schema containing the table or view.
TableName	String	The name of the table or view.
TableType	String	The table type (table or view).
Description	String	A description of the table or view.
IsUpdateable	Boolean	Whether the table can be updated.

Describes the columns of the available tables and views.

The following query returns the columns and data types for the res_users table:

SELECT ColumnName, DataTypeName FROM sys_tablecolumns WHERE TableName='res_users' 

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the table or view.
SchemaName	String	The schema containing the table or view.
TableName	String	The name of the table or view containing the column.
ColumnName	String	The column name.
DataTypeName	String	The data type name.
DataType	Int32	An integer indicating the data type. This value is determined at run time based on the environment.
Length	Int32	The storage size of the column.
DisplaySize	Int32	The designated column's normal maximum width in characters.
NumericPrecision	Int32	The maximum number of digits in numeric data. The column length in characters for character and date-time data.
NumericScale	Int32	The column scale or number of digits to the right of the decimal point.
IsNullable	Boolean	Whether the column can contain null.
Description	String	A brief description of the column.
Ordinal	Int32	The sequence number of the column.
IsAutoIncrement	String	Whether the column value is assigned in fixed increments.
IsGeneratedColumn	String	Whether the column is generated.
IsHidden	Boolean	Whether the column is hidden.
IsArray	Boolean	Whether the column is an array.
IsReadOnly	Boolean	Whether the column is read-only.
IsKey	Boolean	Indicates whether a field returned from sys_tablecolumns is the primary key of the table.
ColumnType	String	The role or classification of the column in the schema. Possible values include SYSTEM, LINKEDCOLUMN, NAVIGATIONKEY, REFERENCECOLUMN, and NAVIGATIONPARENTCOLUMN.

Lists the available stored procedures.

The following query retrieves the available stored procedures:

          SELECT * FROM sys_procedures
          

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The database containing the stored procedure.
SchemaName	String	The schema containing the stored procedure.
ProcedureName	String	The name of the stored procedure.
Description	String	A description of the stored procedure.
ProcedureType	String	The type of the procedure, such as PROCEDURE or FUNCTION.

Describes stored procedure parameters.

The following query returns information about all of the input parameters for the CallProcedure stored procedure:

SELECT * FROM sys_procedureparameters WHERE ProcedureName = 'CallProcedure' AND Direction = 1 OR Direction = 2

To include result set columns in addition to the parameters, set the IncludeResultColumns pseudo column to True:

SELECT * FROM sys_procedureparameters WHERE ProcedureName = 'CallProcedure' AND IncludeResultColumns='True'

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the stored procedure.
SchemaName	String	The name of the schema containing the stored procedure.
ProcedureName	String	The name of the stored procedure containing the parameter.
ColumnName	String	The name of the stored procedure parameter.
Direction	Int32	An integer corresponding to the type of the parameter: input (1), input/output (2), or output(4). input/output type parameters can be both input and output parameters.
DataType	Int32	An integer indicating the data type. This value is determined at run time based on the environment.
DataTypeName	String	The name of the data type.
NumericPrecision	Int32	The maximum precision for numeric data. The column length in characters for character and date-time data.
Length	Int32	The number of characters allowed for character data. The number of digits allowed for numeric data.
NumericScale	Int32	The number of digits to the right of the decimal point in numeric data.
IsNullable	Boolean	Whether the parameter can contain null.
IsRequired	Boolean	Whether the parameter is required for execution of the procedure.
IsArray	Boolean	Whether the parameter is an array.
Description	String	The description of the parameter.
Ordinal	Int32	The index of the parameter.
Values	String	The values you can set in this parameter are limited to those shown in this column. Possible values are comma-separated.
SupportsStreams	Boolean	Whether the parameter represents a file that you can pass as either a file path or a stream.
IsPath	Boolean	Whether the parameter is a target path for a schema creation operation.
Default	String	The value used for this parameter when no value is specified.
SpecificName	String	A label that, when multiple stored procedures have the same name, uniquely identifies each identically-named stored procedure. If there's only one procedure with a given name, its name is simply reflected here.
IsCDataProvided	Boolean	Whether the procedure is added/implemented by CData, as opposed to being a native Odoo procedure.

Pseudo-Columns

Name	Type	Description
IncludeResultColumns	Boolean	Whether the output should include columns from the result set in addition to parameters. Defaults to False.

Describes the primary and foreign keys.

The following query retrieves the primary key for the res_users table:

         SELECT * FROM sys_keycolumns WHERE IsKey='True' AND TableName='res_users' 
          

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the key.
SchemaName	String	The name of the schema containing the key.
TableName	String	The name of the table containing the key.
ColumnName	String	The name of the key column.
IsKey	Boolean	Whether the column is a primary key in the table referenced in the TableName field.
IsForeignKey	Boolean	Whether the column is a foreign key referenced in the TableName field.
PrimaryKeyName	String	The name of the primary key.
ForeignKeyName	String	The name of the foreign key.
ReferencedCatalogName	String	The database containing the primary key.
ReferencedSchemaName	String	The schema containing the primary key.
ReferencedTableName	String	The table containing the primary key.
ReferencedColumnName	String	The column name of the primary key.

Describes the foreign keys.

The following query retrieves all foreign keys which refer to other tables:

         SELECT * FROM sys_foreignkeys WHERE ForeignKeyType = 'FOREIGNKEY_TYPE_IMPORT'
          

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the key.
SchemaName	String	The name of the schema containing the key.
TableName	String	The name of the table containing the key.
ColumnName	String	The name of the key column.
PrimaryKeyName	String	The name of the primary key.
ForeignKeyName	String	The name of the foreign key.
ReferencedCatalogName	String	The database containing the primary key.
ReferencedSchemaName	String	The schema containing the primary key.
ReferencedTableName	String	The table containing the primary key.
ReferencedColumnName	String	The column name of the primary key.
ForeignKeyType	String	Designates whether the foreign key is an import (points to other tables) or export (referenced from other tables) key.

Describes the primary keys.

The following query retrieves the primary keys from all tables and views:

         SELECT * FROM sys_primarykeys
          

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the key.
SchemaName	String	The name of the schema containing the key.
TableName	String	The name of the table containing the key.
ColumnName	String	The name of the key column.
KeySeq	String	The sequence number of the primary key.
KeyName	String	The name of the primary key.

Describes the available indexes. By filtering on indexes, you can write more selective queries with faster query response times.

The following query retrieves all indexes that are not primary keys:

          SELECT * FROM sys_indexes WHERE IsPrimary='false'
          

Columns

Name	Type	Description
CatalogName	String	The name of the database containing the index.
SchemaName	String	The name of the schema containing the index.
TableName	String	The name of the table containing the index.
IndexName	String	The index name.
ColumnName	String	The name of the column associated with the index.
IsUnique	Boolean	True if the index is unique. False otherwise.
IsPrimary	Boolean	True if the index is a primary key. False otherwise.
Type	Int16	An integer value corresponding to the index type: statistic (0), clustered (1), hashed (2), or other (3).
SortOrder	String	The sort order: A for ascending or D for descending.
OrdinalPosition	Int16	The sequence number of the column in the index.

Returns information on the available connection properties and those set in the connection string.

The following query retrieves all connection properties that have been set in the connection string or set through a default value:

SELECT * FROM sys_connection_props WHERE Value <> ''

Columns

Name	Type	Description
Name	String	The name of the connection property.
ShortDescription	String	A brief description.
Type	String	The data type of the connection property.
Default	String	The default value if one is not explicitly set.
Values	String	A comma-separated list of possible values. A validation error is thrown if another value is specified.
Value	String	The value you set or a preconfigured default.
Required	Boolean	Whether the property is required to connect.
Category	String	The category of the connection property.
IsSessionProperty	String	Whether the property is a session property, used to save information about the current connection.
Sensitivity	String	The sensitivity level of the property. This informs whether the property is obfuscated in logging and authentication forms.
PropertyName	String	A camel-cased truncated form of the connection property name.
Ordinal	Int32	The index of the parameter.
CatOrdinal	Int32	The index of the parameter category.
Hierarchy	String	Shows dependent properties associated that need to be set alongside this one.
Visible	Boolean	Informs whether the property is visible in the connection UI.
ETC	String	Various miscellaneous information about the property.

Describes the SELECT query processing that the Cloud can offload to the data source.

See SQL Compliance for SQL syntax details.

Discovering the Data Source's SELECT Capabilities

Below is an example data set of SQL capabilities. Some aspects of SELECT functionality are returned in a comma-separated list if supported; otherwise, the column contains NO.

Name	Description	Possible Values
AGGREGATE_FUNCTIONS	Supported aggregation functions.	AVG, COUNT, MAX, MIN, SUM, DISTINCT
COUNT	Whether COUNT function is supported.	YES, NO
IDENTIFIER_QUOTE_OPEN_CHAR	The opening character used to escape an identifier.	[
IDENTIFIER_QUOTE_CLOSE_CHAR	The closing character used to escape an identifier.	]
SUPPORTED_OPERATORS	A list of supported SQL operators.	=, >, <, >=, <=, <>, !=, LIKE, NOT LIKE, IN, NOT IN, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL, AND, OR
GROUP_BY	Whether GROUP BY is supported, and, if so, the degree of support.	NO, NO_RELATION, EQUALS_SELECT, SQL_GB_COLLATE
OJ_CAPABILITIES	The supported varieties of outer joins supported.	NO, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL, INNER, NOT_ORDERED, ALL_COMPARISON_OPS
OUTER_JOINS	Whether outer joins are supported.	YES, NO
SUBQUERIES	Whether subqueries are supported, and, if so, the degree of support.	NO, COMPARISON, EXISTS, IN, CORRELATED_SUBQUERIES, QUANTIFIED
STRING_FUNCTIONS	Supported string functions.	LENGTH, CHAR, LOCATE, REPLACE, SUBSTRING, RTRIM, LTRIM, RIGHT, LEFT, UCASE, SPACE, SOUNDEX, LCASE, CONCAT, ASCII, REPEAT, OCTET, BIT, POSITION, INSERT, TRIM, UPPER, REGEXP, LOWER, DIFFERENCE, CHARACTER, SUBSTR, STR, REVERSE, PLAN, UUIDTOSTR, TRANSLATE, TRAILING, TO, STUFF, STRTOUUID, STRING, SPLIT, SORTKEY, SIMILAR, REPLICATE, PATINDEX, LPAD, LEN, LEADING, KEY, INSTR, INSERTSTR, HTML, GRAPHICAL, CONVERT, COLLATION, CHARINDEX, BYTE
NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS	Supported numeric functions.	ABS, ACOS, ASIN, ATAN, ATAN2, CEILING, COS, COT, EXP, FLOOR, LOG, MOD, SIGN, SIN, SQRT, TAN, PI, RAND, DEGREES, LOG10, POWER, RADIANS, ROUND, TRUNCATE
TIMEDATE_FUNCTIONS	Supported date/time functions.	NOW, CURDATE, DAYOFMONTH, DAYOFWEEK, DAYOFYEAR, MONTH, QUARTER, WEEK, YEAR, CURTIME, HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND, TIMESTAMPADD, TIMESTAMPDIFF, DAYNAME, MONTHNAME, CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, EXTRACT
REPLICATION_SKIP_TABLES	Indicates tables skipped during replication.
REPLICATION_TIMECHECK_COLUMNS	A string array containing a list of columns which will be used to check for (in the given order) to use as a modified column during replication.
IDENTIFIER_PATTERN	String value indicating what string is valid for an identifier.
SUPPORT_TRANSACTION	Indicates if the provider supports transactions such as commit and rollback.	YES, NO
DIALECT	Indicates the SQL dialect to use.
KEY_PROPERTIES	Indicates the properties which identify the uniform database.
SUPPORTS_MULTIPLE_SCHEMAS	Indicates if multiple schemas may exist for the provider.	YES, NO
SUPPORTS_MULTIPLE_CATALOGS	Indicates if multiple catalogs may exist for the provider.	YES, NO
DATASYNCVERSION	The CData Data Sync version needed to access this driver.	Standard, Starter, Professional, Enterprise
DATASYNCCATEGORY	The CData Data Sync category of this driver.	Source, Destination, Cloud Destination
SUPPORTSENHANCEDSQL	Whether enhanced SQL functionality beyond what is offered by the API is supported.	TRUE, FALSE
SUPPORTS_BATCH_OPERATIONS	Whether batch operations are supported.	YES, NO
SQL_CAP	All supported SQL capabilities for this driver.	SELECT, INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE, TRANSACTIONS, ORDERBY, OAUTH, ASSIGNEDID, LIMIT, LIKE, BULKINSERT, COUNT, BULKDELETE, BULKUPDATE, GROUPBY, HAVING, AGGS, OFFSET, REPLICATE, COUNTDISTINCT, JOINS, DROP, CREATE, DISTINCT, INNERJOINS, SUBQUERIES, ALTER, MULTIPLESCHEMAS, GROUPBYNORELATION, OUTERJOINS, UNIONALL, UNION, UPSERT, GETDELETED, CROSSJOINS, GROUPBYCOLLATE, MULTIPLECATS, FULLOUTERJOIN, MERGE, JSONEXTRACT, BULKUPSERT, SUM, SUBQUERIESFULL, MIN, MAX, JOINSFULL, XMLEXTRACT, AVG, MULTISTATEMENTS, FOREIGNKEYS, CASE, LEFTJOINS, COMMAJOINS, WITH, LITERALS, RENAME, NESTEDTABLES, EXECUTE, BATCH, BASIC, INDEX
PREFERRED_CACHE_OPTIONS	A string value specifies the preferred cacheOptions.
ENABLE_EF_ADVANCED_QUERY	Indicates if the driver directly supports advanced queries coming from Entity Framework. If not, queries will be handled client side.	YES, NO
PSEUDO_COLUMNS	A string array indicating the available pseudo columns.
MERGE_ALWAYS	If the value is true, The Merge Mode is forcibly executed in Data Sync.	TRUE, FALSE
REPLICATION_MIN_DATE_QUERY	A select query to return the replicate start datetime.
REPLICATION_MIN_FUNCTION	Allows a provider to specify the formula name to use for executing a server side min.
REPLICATION_START_DATE	Allows a provider to specify a replicate startdate.
REPLICATION_MAX_DATE_QUERY	A select query to return the replicate end datetime.
REPLICATION_MAX_FUNCTION	Allows a provider to specify the formula name to use for executing a server side max.
IGNORE_INTERVALS_ON_INITIAL_REPLICATE	A list of tables which will skip dividing the replicate into chunks on the initial replicate.
CHECKCACHE_USE_PARENTID	Indicates whether the CheckCache statement should be done against the parent key column.	TRUE, FALSE
CREATE_SCHEMA_PROCEDURES	Indicates stored procedures that can be used for generating schema files.

The following query retrieves the operators that can be used in the WHERE clause:

SELECT * FROM sys_sqlinfo WHERE Name = 'SUPPORTED_OPERATORS'

Note that individual tables may have different limitations or requirements on the WHERE clause; refer to the Data Model section for more information.

Columns

Name	Type	Description
NAME	String	A component of SQL syntax, or a capability that can be processed on the server.
VALUE	String	Detail on the supported SQL or SQL syntax.

Returns information about attempted modifications.

The following query retrieves the Ids of the modified rows in a batch operation:

         SELECT * FROM sys_identity
          

Columns

Name	Type	Description
Id	String	The database-generated Id returned from a data modification operation.
Batch	String	An identifier for the batch. 1 for a single operation.
Operation	String	The result of the operation in the batch: INSERTED, UPDATED, or DELETED.
Message	String	SUCCESS or an error message if the update in the batch failed.

Describes the available system information.

The following query retrieves all columns:

SELECT * FROM sys_information

Columns

Name	Type	Description
Product	String	The name of the product.
Version	String	The version number of the product.
Datasource	String	The name of the datasource the product connects to.
NodeId	String	The unique identifier of the machine where the product is installed.
HelpURL	String	The URL to the product's help documentation.
License	String	The license information for the product. (If this information is not available, the field may be left blank or marked as 'N/A'.)
Location	String	The file path location where the product's library is stored.
Environment	String	The version of the environment or rumtine the product is currently running under.
DataSyncVersion	String	The tier of CData Sync required to use this connector.
DataSyncCategory	String	The category of CData Sync functionality (e.g., Source, Destination).

Many2One, One2Many and Many2Many Columns

Within Odoo, in addition to columns with simple values like text and dates, there are also columns that contain multiple values on each row. The Cloud decodes these kinds of values differently, depending upon the type of column the value comes from:

Many2One

Many2One columns are references to a single row within another model. Within the Cloud, Many2One columns are represented as integers, whose value is the id that they refer to in the other model.

For example, the Calendar module includes a model for events called "calendar_event", which has a column called "opportunity_id" that refers to an opportunity in the "crm_lead" model. When creating or updating a calendar event, you can set the opportunity_id to the id of the lead the meeting is for:

INSERT INTO calendar_event (name, start, stop, opportunity_id) VALUES ('Meet With Potential Customer', '...', '...', 42)

If you were to read this event later, the value of opportunity_id would be the number 42.

Many2Many

Many2Many columns are references to many rows within another model. Within the Cloud, Many2Many columns are represented as text containing a comma-separated list of integers. Each value in that list is the id of a row that is being referenced.

For example, the Calendar module includes a model for events called "calendar_event", which has a column called "partner_ids" that refers to contacts in the "res_partner" model. When creating or updating a calendar event, you can set the partner_ids to the ids of the people who are attending the meeting:

INSERT INTO calendar_event (name, start, stop, partner_ids) VALUES ('Meet With Potential Customer', '...', '...', '13,57')

If you were to read this event later, the value of partner_ids would be the text "13,57" (or "57,13", since the ids can be in any order).

One2Many

One2Many columns are references to many rows within another model - they are similar to Many2Many columns, except that each row in the referenced model must belong to only one in the main model.

For example, the Calendar module includes a model for events called "calendar_event", which has a column called "attendee_ids" that refers to the meeting invitations stored in the "event_attendee" model. Unlike partner_ids, where different meetings can share the same partners and different partners can go to the same meeting, each invitation is linked to just one event.

Currently, these columns are read the same was as Many2Many columns (as text containing a comma-separated list of ids), but they cannot be written to.

The connection string properties are the various options that can be used to establish a connection. This section provides a complete list of the options you can configure in the connection string for this provider. Click the links for further details.

For more information on establishing a connection, see Establishing a Connection.

Authentication

---

Property	Description
URL	Specifies the base URL of the Odoo site that you want to connect to.
Database	Specifies the name of the Odoo database that you want to connect to.
OdooEdition	Specifies the edition of Odoo that you are connecting to: Odoo Online or Odoo OnPremise.
User	Specifies the Odoo user account used to authenticate.
APIToken	Specifies the API token or password used to authenticate the user.
CheckPermissions	Specifies whether the provider uses the Odoo user's permissions to determine which tables and views to expose.

SSL

---

Property	Description
SSLServerCert	Specifies the certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

Logging

---

Property	Description
Verbosity	Specifies the verbosity level of the log file, which controls the amount of detail logged. Supported values range from 1 to 5.

Schema

---

Property	Description
BrowsableSchemas	Optional setting that restricts the schemas reported to a subset of all available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC .
AllowComputedFields	Specifies whether computed fields in Odoo are exposed as columns.
ExpandReferences	Specifies whether multi-valued Many2Many and One2Many fields are expanded into separate rows.
ShowParameterizedTables	Specifies whether tables and views that require input parameters are included in the schema.
UseDisplayNames	Specifies whether the provider uses display names instead of API names for column labels.

Miscellaneous

---

Property	Description
Language	Specifies the language in which data should be returned.
MaxRows	Specifies the maximum number of rows returned for queries that do not include either aggregation or GROUP BY.
Pagesize	Specifies the maximum number of records per page the provider returns when requesting data from Odoo.
PseudoColumns	Specifies the pseudocolumns to expose as table columns, expressed as a string in the format 'TableName=ColumnName;TableName=ColumnName'.
ThrowsKeyNotFound	Specifies whether or not throws an exception if there is no rows updated.
Timeout	Specifies the maximum time, in seconds, that the provider waits for a server response before throwing a timeout error.

This section provides a complete list of the Authentication properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

---

Property	Description
URL	Specifies the base URL of the Odoo site that you want to connect to.
Database	Specifies the name of the Odoo database that you want to connect to.
OdooEdition	Specifies the edition of Odoo that you are connecting to: Odoo Online or Odoo OnPremise.
User	Specifies the Odoo user account used to authenticate.
APIToken	Specifies the API token or password used to authenticate the user.
CheckPermissions	Specifies whether the provider uses the Odoo user's permissions to determine which tables and views to expose.

Specifies the base URL of the Odoo site that you want to connect to.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property defines the root address of your Odoo instance. The value should be the full URL, including the protocol (http:// or https://).

For example:

• https://mycompany.odoo.com (Odoo Online)
• http://localhost:8069 (Odoo On-Premise)

The Cloud uses this URL to establish a connection with your Odoo deployment and derive additional metadata, such as the database name when possible. Ensure that the provided URL matches the externally accessible address of your Odoo instance. If you're connecting to an Odoo Online instance, the subdomain portion typically matches your organization name.

Specifies the name of the Odoo database that you want to connect to.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

The value you provide depends on whether you're connecting to Odoo Online or an On-Premise instance:

• Odoo Online: The database name typically matches your custom Odoo subdomain. For example, if your URL is https://contoso.odoo.com, the database name is "contoso". When using the Cloud, this value is typically detected automatically from the URL property. If the database cannot be determined from the URL, you must set this property manually.
• Odoo On-Premise: You can find the database name by logging out of Odoo and selecting Manage Databases from the login screen.

Specifies the edition of Odoo that you are connecting to: Odoo Online or Odoo OnPremise.

Possible Values

Odoo Online, Odoo OnPremise

Data Type

string

Default Value

"Odoo Online"

Remarks

This property determines how the Cloud interacts with your Odoo instance based on its deployment type:

• When set to Odoo Online, the Cloud adjusts float, decimal, and double handling in INSERT statements to account for the system's locale and cultural settings. This helps ensure proper formatting and compatibility with cloud-hosted Odoo instances.
• When set to Odoo OnPremise, the Cloud assumes a local deployment and disables certain behaviors specific to Odoo Online.

Set this property to match the environment your Odoo instance is running in. If you're using Odoo via a hosted subdomain like https://yourcompany.odoo.com, choose Odoo Online. For self-hosted instances, choose Odoo OnPremise.

Specifies the Odoo user account used to authenticate.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property specifies the Odoo username used for authentication. It is typically the email address associated with the Odoo user account.

This value is used together with the APIToken property to authenticate requests to the Odoo server.

Specifies the API token or password used to authenticate the user.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property accepts either an API token or a password, depending on the Odoo version in use:

• For Odoo 14 and later, authentication via API token is supported and recommended.
• For Odoo 13 and earlier, you may need to enter your Odoo account password in this field instead.

You can generate API tokens in the Odoo web interface under My Profile > Preferences > API Keys.

If you are using an Odoo Online instance, make sure the user account has a password or token configured, as these are not always set by default.

Specifies whether the provider uses the Odoo user's permissions to determine which tables and views to expose.

Data Type

bool

Default Value

true

Remarks

Odoo users have different levels of access to various models. When this property is set to true, the Cloud checks model-level permissions to classify objects:

• Models the user can modify appear as tables.
• Models the user can only read appear as views.
• Models the user cannot access are excluded from the schema.

To perform this permissions check, the Cloud queries the ir.model.access model. However, most users do not have read access to this model by default. If the connecting user lacks access, and administrator-level access cannot be granted, set this property to false.

When this property is set to false, the Cloud skips the permissions check and lists all models in Odoo as tables, regardless of the user’s actual access level.

Set this property to false only if the connecting user lacks access to ir.model.access.

This section provides a complete list of the SSL properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

---

Property	Description
SSLServerCert	Specifies the certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

Specifies the certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

If you are using a TLS/SSL connection, use this property to specify the TLS/SSL certificate to be accepted from the server. If you specify a value for this property, all other certificates that are not trusted by the machine are rejected.

This property can take the following forms:

Description	Example
A full PEM Certificate (example shortened for brevity)	-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- MIIChTCCAe4CAQAwDQYJKoZIhv......Qw== -----END CERTIFICATE-----
A path to a local file containing the certificate	C:\cert.cer
The public key (example shortened for brevity)	-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSq......AQAB -----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
The MD5 Thumbprint (hex values can also be either space- or colon-separated)	ecadbdda5a1529c58a1e9e09828d70e4
The SHA1 Thumbprint (hex values can also be either space- or colon-separated)	34a929226ae0819f2ec14b4a3d904f801cbb150d

Note: It is possible to use '*' to signify that all certificates should be accepted, but due to security concerns this is not recommended.

This section provides a complete list of the Logging properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

---

Property	Description
Verbosity	Specifies the verbosity level of the log file, which controls the amount of detail logged. Supported values range from 1 to 5.

Specifies the verbosity level of the log file, which controls the amount of detail logged. Supported values range from 1 to 5.

Data Type

string

Default Value

"1"

Remarks

This property defines the level of detail the Cloud includes in the log file. Higher verbosity levels increase the detail of the logged information, but may also result in larger log files and slower performance due to the additional data being captured.

The default verbosity level is 1, which is recommended for regular operation. Higher verbosity levels are primarily intended for debugging purposes. For more information on each level, refer to Logging.

When combined with the LogModules property, Verbosity can refine logging to specific categories of information.

This section provides a complete list of the Schema properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

---

Property	Description
BrowsableSchemas	Optional setting that restricts the schemas reported to a subset of all available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC .
AllowComputedFields	Specifies whether computed fields in Odoo are exposed as columns.
ExpandReferences	Specifies whether multi-valued Many2Many and One2Many fields are expanded into separate rows.
ShowParameterizedTables	Specifies whether tables and views that require input parameters are included in the schema.
UseDisplayNames	Specifies whether the provider uses display names instead of API names for column labels.

Optional setting that restricts the schemas reported to a subset of all available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC .

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Listing all available database schemas can take extra time, thus degrading performance. Providing a list of schemas in the connection string saves time and improves performance.

Specifies whether computed fields in Odoo are exposed as columns.

Data Type

bool

Default Value

false

Remarks

Odoo includes both stored and computed fields. Stored fields are retrieved directly from the database, while computed fields are generated dynamically at query time.

When this property is set to true, the Cloud includes computed fields as columns in the exposed schema. This allows access to additional metadata or derived values that Odoo generates during runtime.

This property is useful when working with tools that rely on a complete set of available fields, but do not allow you to edit the schema or query structure manually.

Performance Considerations

Including computed fields can impact performance, especially when querying large tables. Since Odoo must evaluate computed fields at runtime, queries (particularly star queries or those involving joins) may take significantly longer to complete. Use this property only when you need access to specific computed fields that are not stored directly in the database.

Specifies whether multi-valued Many2Many and One2Many fields are expanded into separate rows.

Data Type

bool

Default Value

false

Remarks

By default, Many2Many and One2Many fields are collapsed into comma-separated values within a single row. For example, if a calendar event is associated with partners 13 and 57, the partner_ids field appears as '13,57'.

When this property is set to true, the Cloud expands these multi-valued fields across multiple rows—one for each unique combination. This behavior makes it easier to join tables on relationship fields but results in duplicated row data.

To support this expansion, the Cloud generates a synthetic primary key called id:multi, since the original id field is no longer unique when rows are duplicated. This key is assigned client-side and should not be used in filters, as it depends on the full result set returned by Odoo.

This property does not affect how records are inserted. Even when expansion is enabled, multi-valued fields must still be inserted as comma-separated values.

Performance Considerations

Expanding multi-valued references can significantly increase the number of rows returned, especially when multiple Many2Many or One2Many fields are present. While this can improve usability in joins, it may slow down query performance and increase memory usage. Consider enabling this option only when working with relationships that require relational joins or flattening.

Specifies whether tables and views that require input parameters are included in the schema.

Data Type

bool

Default Value

false

Remarks

Some tables and views in Odoo require parameters in order to return data. These are considered parameterized objects, and they are hidden from the default schema to avoid confusion or runtime errors in tools that cannot supply required inputs.

• When this property is set to true, the Cloud includes these parameterized tables and views in the metadata.
• When set to false, these objects are excluded from the schema.

The following parameterized tables are affected by this setting:

• calendar_alarm_manager
• forum_post
• ir_actions_act__window
• website_seo_metadata
• publisher_warranty_contract
• board_board
• hr_leave_report_calendar
• report_stock_quantity
• res_users_apikeys_show
• account_aged_payable
• account_aged_receivable
• account_multicurrency_revaluation

Performance Considerations

Enabling this property does not affect query performance directly, but it may expose objects that cannot be queried without providing required inputs. If your application does not support parameterized queries, leave this property disabled to avoid errors.

Specifies whether the provider uses display names instead of API names for column labels.

Data Type

bool

Default Value

true

Remarks

When this property is set to true, the Cloud uses the display names defined in Odoo as column names. These names are often more user-friendly and better suited for use in reports or low-code tools.

When this property is set to false, the Cloud uses the underlying API names for columns. This ensures consistent naming across schema refreshes and protects against changes if display names are updated in your Odoo instance.

Use false if your workflow depends on stable column names such as with long-lived integrations or business-intelligence dashboards, or if you prefer to work directly with the technical field names exposed in the Odoo API.

This section provides a complete list of the Miscellaneous properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.

---

Property	Description
Language	Specifies the language in which data should be returned.
MaxRows	Specifies the maximum number of rows returned for queries that do not include either aggregation or GROUP BY.
Pagesize	Specifies the maximum number of records per page the provider returns when requesting data from Odoo.
PseudoColumns	Specifies the pseudocolumns to expose as table columns, expressed as a string in the format 'TableName=ColumnName;TableName=ColumnName'.
ThrowsKeyNotFound	Specifies whether or not throws an exception if there is no rows updated.
Timeout	Specifies the maximum time, in seconds, that the provider waits for a server response before throwing a timeout error.

Specifies the language in which data should be returned.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property defines the locale used for returning translated field values where available. The value must match a supported language code in your Odoo environment.

If no value is set, the Cloud defaults to en_US (English – United States).

You can set this property to any language code supported by your Odoo instance. A complete list of supported language codes is maintained in your Odoo system configuration.

Supported Languages:

en_us (default)	English (US)
es_MX	Spanish (MX) / Español (MX)
es_MX	Spanish (MX) / Español (MX)
sq_AL	Albanian / Shqip
am_ET	Amharic / አምሃርኛ
ar_SY	Arabic (Syria) / الْعَرَبيّة
ar_001	Arabic / الْعَرَبيّة
az_AZ	Azerbaijani / Azərbaycanca
eu_ES	Basque / Euskara
bn_IN	Bengali / বাংলা
bs_BA	Bosnian / bosanski jezik
bg_BG	Bulgarian / български език
my_MM	Burmese / ဗမာစာ
ca_ES	Catalan / Català
zh_HK	Chinese (HK)
zh_CN	Chinese (Simplified) / 简体中文
zh_TW	Chinese (Traditional) / 繁體中文
hr_HR	Croatian / hrvatski jezik
cs_CZ	Czech / Čeština
da_DK	Danish / Dansk
nl_BE	Dutch (BE) / Nederlands (BE)
nl_NL	Dutch / Nederlands
en_AU	English (AU)
en_CA	English (CA)
en_IN	English (IN)
en_NZ	English (NZ)
en_GB	English (UK)
et_EE	Estonian / Eesti keel
fi_FI	Finnish / Suomi
fr_BE	French (BE) / Français (BE)
fr_CA	French (CA) / Français (CA)
fr_CH	French (CH) / Français (CH)
fr_FR	French / Français
gl_ES	Galician / Galego
ka_GE	Georgian / ქართული ენა
de_CH	German (CH) / Deutsch (CH)
de_DE	German / Deutsch
el_GR	Greek / Ελληνικά
gu_IN	Gujarati / ગુજરાતી
he_IL	Hebrew / עִבְרִי
hi_IN	Hindi / हिंदी
hu_HU	Hungarian / Magyar
id_ID	Indonesian / Bahasa Indonesia
it_IT	Italian / Italiano
ja_JP	Japanese / 日本語
kab_DZ	Kabyle / Taqbaylit
km_KH	Khmer / ភាសាខ្មែរ
ko_KP	Korean (KP) / 한국어 (KP)
ko_KR	Korean (KR) / 한국어 (KR)
lo_LA	Lao / ພາສາລາວ
lv_LV	Latvian / latviešu valoda
lt_LT	Lithuanian / Lietuvių kalba
lb_LU	Luxembourgish
mk_MK	Macedonian / македонски јазик
ms_MY	Malay / Bahasa Melayu
ml_IN	Malayalam / മലയാളം
mn_MN	Mongolian / монгол
nb_NO	Norwegian Bokmål / Norsk bokmål
fa_IR	Persian / فارسی
pl_PL	Polish / Język polski
pt_AO	Portuguese (AO) / Português (AO)
pt_BR	Portuguese (BR) / Português (BR)
pt_PT	Portuguese / Português
ro_RO	Romanian / română
ru_RU	Russian / русский язык
sr_RS	Serbian (Cyrillic) / српски
sr@latin	Serbian (Latin) / srpski
sk_SK	Slovak / Slovenský jazyk
sl_SI	Slovenian / slovenščina
es_AR	Spanish (AR) / Español (AR)
es_BO	Spanish (BO) / Español (BO)
es_CL	Spanish (CL) / Español (CL)
es_CO	Spanish (CO) / Español (CO)
es_CR	Spanish (CR) / Español (CR)
es_DO	Spanish (DO) / Español (DO)
es_EC	Spanish (EC) / Español (EC)
es_GT	Spanish (GT) / Español (GT)
es_419	Spanish (Latin America) / Español (América Latina)
es_PA	Spanish (PA) / Español (PA)
es_PE	Spanish (PE) / Español (PE)
es_PY	Spanish (PY) / Español (PY)
es_UY	Spanish (UY) / Español (UY)
es_VE	Spanish (VE) / Español (VE)
es_ES	Spanish / Español
sv_SE	Swedish / Svenska
tl_PH	Tagalog / Filipino
te_IN	Telugu / తెలుగు
th_TH	Thai / ภาษาไทย
tr_TR	Turkish / Türkçe
uk_UA	Ukrainian / українська
vi_VN	Vietnamese / Tiếng Việt

Specifies the maximum number of rows returned for queries that do not include either aggregation or GROUP BY.

Data Type

int

Default Value

-1

Remarks

The default value for this property, -1, means that no row limit is enforced unless the query explicitly includes a LIMIT clause. (When a query includes a LIMIT clause, the value specified in the query takes precedence over the MaxRows setting.)

Setting MaxRows to a whole number greater than 0 ensures that queries do not return excessively large result sets by default.

This property is useful for optimizing performance and preventing excessive resource consumption when executing queries that could otherwise return very large datasets.

Specifies the maximum number of records per page the provider returns when requesting data from Odoo.

Data Type

int

Default Value

5000

Remarks

When processing a query, instead of requesting all of the queried data at once from Odoo, the Cloud can request the queried data in pieces called pages.

This connection property determines the maximum number of results that the Cloud requests per page.

Note: Setting large page sizes may improve overall query execution time, but doing so causes the Cloud to use more memory when executing queries and risks triggering a timeout.

Specifies the pseudocolumns to expose as table columns, expressed as a string in the format 'TableName=ColumnName;TableName=ColumnName'.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property allows you to define which pseudocolumns the Cloud exposes as table columns.

To specify individual pseudocolumns, use the following format:

Table1=Column1;Table1=Column2;Table2=Column3

To include all pseudocolumns for all tables use:

*=*

Specifies whether or not throws an exception if there is no rows updated.

Data Type

bool

Default Value

false

Remarks

Specifies whether or not throws an exception if there is no rows updated.

Specifies the maximum time, in seconds, that the provider waits for a server response before throwing a timeout error.

Data Type

int

Default Value

60

Remarks

The timeout applies to each individual communication with the server rather than the entire query or operation. For example, a query could continue running beyond 60 seconds if each paging call completes within the timeout limit.

Timeout is set to 60 seconds by default. To disable timeouts, set this property to 0.

Disabling the timeout allows operations to run indefinitely until they succeed or fail due to other conditions such as server-side timeouts, network interruptions, or resource limits on the server.

Note: Use this property cautiously to avoid long-running operations that could degrade performance or result in unresponsive behavior.

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Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute the original LZMA SDK code, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.

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4. COMMERCIAL DISTRIBUTION

Commercial distributors of software may accept certain responsibilities with respect to end users, business partners and the like. While this license is intended to facilitate the commercial use of the Program, the Contributor who includes the Program in a commercial product offering should do so in a manner which does not create potential liability for other Contributors. Therefore, if a Contributor includes the Program in a commercial product offering, such Contributor ("Commercial Contributor") hereby agrees to defend and indemnify every other Contributor ("Indemnified Contributor") against any losses, damages and costs (collectively "Losses") arising from claims, lawsuits and other legal actions brought by a third party against the Indemnified Contributor to the extent caused by the acts or omissions of such Commercial Contributor in connection with its distribution of the Program in a commercial product offering. The obligations in this section do not apply to any claims or Losses relating to any actual or alleged intellectual property infringement. In order to qualify, an Indemnified Contributor must: a) promptly notify the Commercial Contributor in writing of such claim, and b) allow the Commercial Contributor to control, and cooperate with the Commercial Contributor in, the defense and any related settlement negotiations. The Indemnified Contributor may participate in any such claim at its own expense.

For example, a Contributor might include the Program in a commercial product offering, Product X. That Contributor is then a Commercial Contributor. If that Commercial Contributor then makes performance claims, or offers warranties related to Product X, those performance claims and warranties are such Commercial Contributor's responsibility alone. Under this section, the Commercial Contributor would have to defend claims against the other Contributors related to those performance claims and warranties, and if a court requires any other Contributor to pay any damages as a result, the Commercial Contributor must pay those damages.

5. NO WARRANTY

EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT, THE PROGRAM IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Each Recipient is solely responsible for determining the appropriateness of using and distributing the Program and assumes all risks associated with its exercise of rights under this Agreement, including but not limited to the risks and costs of program errors, compliance with applicable laws, damage to or loss of data, programs or equipment, and unavailability or interruption of operations.

6. DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY

EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT, NEITHER RECIPIENT NOR ANY CONTRIBUTORS SHALL HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION LOST PROFITS), HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OR DISTRIBUTION OF THE PROGRAM OR THE EXERCISE OF ANY RIGHTS GRANTED HEREUNDER, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

7. GENERAL

If any provision of this Agreement is invalid or unenforceable under applicable law, it shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remainder of the terms of this Agreement, and without further action by the parties hereto, such provision shall be reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make such provision valid and enforceable.

If Recipient institutes patent litigation against a Contributor with respect to a patent applicable to software (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit), then any patent licenses granted by that Contributor to such Recipient under this Agreement shall terminate as of the date such litigation is filed. In addition, if Recipient institutes patent litigation against any entity (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Program itself (excluding combinations of the Program with other software or hardware) infringes such Recipient's patent(s), then such Recipient's rights granted under Section 2(b) shall terminate as of the date such litigation is filed.

All Recipient's rights under this Agreement shall terminate if it fails to comply with any of the material terms or conditions of this Agreement and does not cure such failure in a reasonable period of time after becoming aware of such noncompliance. If all Recipient's rights under this Agreement terminate, Recipient agrees to cease use and distribution of the Program as soon as reasonably practicable. However, Recipient's obligations under this Agreement and any licenses granted by Recipient relating to the Program shall continue and survive.

Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute copies of this Agreement, but in order to avoid inconsistency the Agreement is copyrighted and may only be modified in the following manner. The Agreement Steward reserves the right to publish new versions (including revisions) of this Agreement from time to time. No one other than the Agreement Steward has the right to modify this Agreement. IBM is the initial Agreement Steward. IBM may assign the responsibility to serve as the Agreement Steward to a suitable separate entity. Each new version of the Agreement will be given a distinguishing version number. The Program (including Contributions) may always be distributed subject to the version of the Agreement under which it was received. In addition, after a new version of the Agreement is published, Contributor may elect to distribute the Program (including its Contributions) under the new version. Except as expressly stated in Sections 2(a) and 2(b) above, Recipient receives no rights or licenses to the intellectual property of any Contributor under this Agreement, whether expressly, by implication, estoppel or otherwise. All rights in the Program not expressly granted under this Agreement are reserved.

This Agreement is governed by the laws of the State of New York and the intellectual property laws of the United States of America. No party to this Agreement will bring a legal action under this Agreement more than one year after the cause of action arose. Each party waives its rights to a jury trial in any resulting litigation.