SELECT Statements
A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.
- SELECT
- INTO
- FROM
- JOIN
- WHERE
- GROUP BY
- HAVING
- UNION
- ORDER BY
- LIMIT
SELECT Syntax
The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the driver:
SELECT {
[ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
{
*
| {
<expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ]
| { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .*
} [ , ... ]
}
[ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]
{
FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ]
} [ , ... ]
[ [
INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] }
] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ]
] [ ... ]
[ WHERE <search_condition> ]
[ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
[ HAVING <search_condition> ]
[ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
[
ORDER BY
<column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
]
[
LIMIT <expression>
[
{ OFFSET | , }
<expression>
]
]
} | SCOPE_IDENTITY()
<expression> ::=
| <column_reference>
| @ <parameter>
| ?
| COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
| { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> )
| NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> )
| COALESCE ( <expression> , ... )
| CASE <expression>
WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
[ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
END
| <literal>
| <sql_function>
<search_condition> ::=
{
<expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ]
} [ { AND | OR } ... ]
Examples
- Return all columns:
SELECT * FROM GoalHeadings
- Rename a column:
SELECT [GoalHeadingId] AS MY_GoalHeadingId FROM GoalHeadings
- Cast a column's data as a different data type:
SELECT CAST(AnnualRevenue AS VARCHAR) AS Str_AnnualRevenue FROM GoalHeadings
- Search data:
SELECT * FROM GoalHeadings WHERE Name <> 'MyAccount'
- Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM GoalHeadings
- Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT GoalHeadingId) FROM GoalHeadings
- Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
SELECT DISTINCT GoalHeadingId FROM GoalHeadings
- Summarize data:
SELECT GoalHeadingId, MAX(AnnualRevenue) FROM GoalHeadings GROUP BY GoalHeadingId
See Aggregate Functions for details. - Retrieve data from multiple tables.
SELECT Accounts.Name, Contracts.ContractNumber FROM Accounts, Contracts WHERE Accounts.AccountId=Contracts._AccountId_Value
See JOIN Queries for details. - Sort a result set in ascending order:
SELECT GoalHeadingId, GoalHeadingId FROM GoalHeadings ORDER BY GoalHeadingId ASC
- Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:
SELECT GoalHeadingId, GoalHeadingId FROM GoalHeadings LIMIT 10
- Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.
SELECT * FROM GoalHeadings WHERE Name = @param
Pseudo Columns
Some input-only fields are available in SELECT statements. These fields, called pseudo columns, do not
appear as regular columns in the results, yet may be specified as part of the WHERE clause. You can use pseudo columns to access additional features from Microsoft Dynamics 365.
SELECT * FROM GoalHeadings WHERE Pseudo = '@Pseudo'