Cloud

Build 25.0.9434
  • GraphQL
    • Getting Started
      • Establishing a Connection
    • Modeling GraphQL Data
      • Automatic Schema Discovery
      • Using Mutations
      • Customizing Schemas
        • Column Definitions
        • SELECT Execution
        • Operations
          • OAuthGetAccessToken
          • OAuthGetUserAuthorizationURL
      • System Tables
        • sys_catalogs
        • sys_schemas
        • sys_tables
        • sys_tablecolumns
        • sys_procedures
        • sys_procedureparameters
        • sys_keycolumns
        • sys_foreignkeys
        • sys_primarykeys
        • sys_indexes
        • sys_connection_props
        • sys_sqlinfo
        • sys_identity
        • sys_information
      • Stored Procedures
      • SSL Configuration
      • Firewall and Proxy
    • Connection String Options
      • Authentication
        • AuthScheme
        • URL
        • User
        • Password
      • AWS Authentication
        • AWSCognitoRegion
        • AWSUserPoolId
        • AWSUserPoolClientAppId
        • AWSUserPoolClientAppSecret
      • OAuth
        • OAuthClientId
        • OAuthClientSecret
        • Scope
        • OAuthAuthorizationURL
        • OAuthAccessTokenURL
        • AuthToken
        • AuthKey
      • SSL
        • SSLServerCert
      • Logging
        • Verbosity
      • Schema
        • BrowsableSchemas
        • ExpandArgumentsDepth
        • ExpandTablesDepth
        • ExpandTemporaryTablesDepth
        • ExpandColumnsDepth
        • IncludeDeprecatedMetadata
        • ExposeDynamicProcedures
        • ExposeObjectTables
        • ExposeAbstractTypes
      • Miscellaneous
        • CustomHeaders
        • MaxRows
        • Pagesize
        • PseudoColumns
        • Timeout
    • Third Party Copyrights

GraphQL - CData Cloud

Overview

CData Cloud offers access to GraphQL across several standard services and protocols, in a cloud-hosted solution. Any application that can connect to a SQL Server database can connect to GraphQL through CData Cloud.

CData Cloud allows you to standardize and configure connections to GraphQL as though it were any other OData endpoint or standard SQL Server.

Key Features

  • Full SQL Support: GraphQL appears as standard relational databases, allowing you to perform operations - Filter, Group, Join, etc. - using standard SQL, regardless of whether these operations are supported by the underlying API.
  • CRUD Support: Both read and write operations are supported, restricted only by security settings that you can configure in Cloud or downstream in the source itself.
  • Secure Access: The administrator can create users and define their access to specific databases and read-only operations or grant full read & write privileges.
  • Comprehensive Data Model & Dynamic Discovery: CData Cloud provides comprehensive access to all of the data exposed in the underlying data source, including full access to dynamic data and easily searchable metadata.

CData Cloud

Getting Started

This page provides a guide to Establishing a Connection to GraphQL in CData Cloud, as well as information on the available resources, and a reference to the available connection properties.

Connecting to GraphQL

Establishing a Connection shows how to authenticate to GraphQL and configure any necessary connection properties to create a database in CData Cloud

Accessing Data from CData Cloud Services

Accessing data from GraphQL through the available standard services and CData Cloud administration is documented in further details in the CData Cloud Documentation.

CData Cloud

Establishing a Connection

Connect to GraphQL by selecting the corresponding icon in the Database tab. Required properties are listed under Settings. The Advanced tab lists connection properties that are not typically required.

Connecting to GraphQL

Set the following to connect:

  • URL: Specify the URL of the GraphQL service, for example https://api.example.com/graphql.
  • Location: Set this to the file path containing any custom defined schemas for the GraphQL service.

Authenticating to GraphQL

The driver supports the following types of authentication:

  • Basic
  • OAuth 1.0 & 2.0
  • OAuthPKCE
  • AWS Cognito Credentials:
    • AwsCognitoSrp
    • AwsCognitoBasic

Basic

Set AuthScheme to Basic. You must specify the User and Password of the GraphQL service.

OAuth

In all OAuth flows, you must set AuthScheme to OAuth and OAuthVersion to 1.0 or 2.0. The following sections assume you have done so.

Headless Machines

To create GraphQL data sources on headless servers or other machines on which the Cloud cannot open a browser, you need to authenticate from another machine. Authentication is a two-step process.

  1. Choose one of two options:
    • Option 1: Obtain the OAuthVerifier value as described in "Obtain and Exchange a Verifier Code" below.
    • Option 2: Install the Cloud on a machine with an internet browser and transfer the OAuth authentication values after you authenticate through the usual browser-based flow, as described in "Transfer OAuth Settings" below.
  2. Then configure the Cloud to automatically refresh the access token on the headless machine.

Option 1: Obtain and Exchange a Verifier Code

Set the following properties on the headless machine:

  • InitiateOAuth: Set this to OFF.
  • OAuthClientId: Set this to the application Id in your application settings.
  • OAuthClientSecret: Set this to the application secret in your application settings.

You can then follow the steps below to authenticate from another machine and obtain the OAuthVerifier connection property.

  1. Call the GetOAuthAuthorizationURL stored procedure with the CallbackURL input parameter set to the exact Redirect URI you specified in your application settings.
  2. Save the value of the returned AuthToken and AuthKey if OAuthVersion is set to 1.0. They are used in the next step.
  3. Open the returned URL in a browser. Log in and grant permissions to the Cloud. You are then redirected to the callback URL, which contains the verifier code.
  4. Save the value of the verifier code. Later, you must set this in the OAuthVerifier connection property.

On the headless machine, set the following connection properties to obtain the OAuth authentication values:

  • OAuthRequestTokenURL: Required for OAuth 1.0. In OAuth 1.0 this is the URL where the application makes a request for the request token.
  • OAuthAuthorizationURL: Required for OAuth 1.0 and 2.0. This is the URL where the user logs into the service and grants permissions to the application. In OAuth 1.0 if permissions are granted the request token is authorized.
  • OAuthAccessTokenURL: Required for OAuth 1.0 and 2.0. This is the URL where the request for the access token is made. In OAuth 1.0 the authorized request token is exchanged for the access token.
  • OAuthRefreshTokenURL: Required for OAuth 2.0. In OAuth 2.0 this is the URL where the refresh token is exchanged for a new access token when the old one expires. Note that for your data source this may be the same as the access token URL.
  • OAuthClientId: Set this to the client Id in your application settings.
  • OAuthClientSecret: Set this to the client secret in your application settings.
  • CallbackURL: Set this to http://localhost:33333. If you specified a redirect URL in your application settings, this must match.

Connect to Data

After the OAuth settings file is generated, set the following properties to connect to data:

  • OAuthSettingsLocation: Set this to the location containing the encrypted OAuth authentication values. Make sure this location gives read and write permissions to the provider to enable the automatic refreshing of the access token.
  • InitiateOAuth: Set this to REFRESH.

Option 2: Transfer OAuth Settings

Follow the steps below to install the Cloud on another machine, authenticate, and then transfer the resulting OAuth values.

On a second machine, install the Cloud and connect with the following properties set:

  • OAuthSettingsLocation: Set this to a writable location.
  • OAuthClientId: Set this to the Client Id in your application settings.
  • OAuthClientSecret: Set this to the Client Secret in your application settings.
  • CallbackURL: Set this to the Callback URL in your application settings.

Test the connection to authenticate. The resulting authentication values are written, encrypted, to the location specified by OAuthSettingsLocation. After you have successfully tested the connection, copy the OAuth settings file to your headless machine. On the headless machine, set the following connection properties to connect to data:

  • InitiateOAuth: Set this to REFRESH.
  • OAuthSettingsLocation: Set this to the location of your OAuth settings file. Make sure this location gives read and write permissions to the Cloud to enable the automatic refreshing of the access token.

OAuthPKCE

NOTE:OAuth Proof Key for Code Exchange (PKCE) is an extension to the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Code flow.

AWS Cognito Credentials

If you want to use the Cloud with a user registered in a User Pool in AWS Cognito, set the following properties to authenticate:

  • AuthScheme: Set this to AwsCognitoSrp (recommended). You can also use AwsCognitoBasic.
  • AWSCognitoRegion: Set this to the region of the User Pool.
  • AWSUserPoolId: Set this to the User Pool Id.
  • AWSUserPoolClientAppId: Set this to the User Pool Client App Id.
  • AWSUserPoolClientAppSecret: Set this to the User Pool Client Secret.
  • AWSIdentityPoolId: Set this to the Identity Pool Id of the Identity Pool that is linked with the User Pool.
  • User: Set this to the username of the user registered in the User Pool.
  • Password: Set this to the password of the user registered in the User Pool.

CData Cloud

Modeling GraphQL Data

This section shows how to control the various schemas that the Cloud offers to bridge the gap between relational SQL and GraphQL services.

Schema Introspection

GraphQL services offer a introspection query service which the Cloud can use to obtain view and column names.

All SCALAR mutation fields are exposed directly, and all object fields are expanded.

Mutations

The Cloud will automatically scan for available Using Mutations. Given that there is no method provided by GraphQL for determining which mutations can be used for each table, each mutation is exposed as a stored procedure.

LIST fields are exposed as temporary tables (GraphQL tables of type TEMPORARY_TABLE). The discovered temporary tables can be obtained by querying the sys_tables and sys_tablecolumns system tables.

Customizing Schemas

Operations details the process for configuring custom schema files. Setting up these custom schema files is a required step in establishing a connection to GraphQL data.

System Tables

See System Tables to query the current table metadata.

Stored Procedures

The Cloud makes use of Stored Procedures to perform various functions, such as obtaining and refreshing OAuth tokens.

CData Cloud

Automatic Schema Discovery

By default, the Cloud will automatically read metadata from GraphQL.

Schema Introspection

GraphQL services offer a introspection query service which the Cloud can use to obtain view and column names.

A GraphQL introspection query service has a query object at its root. Other objects are nested into the root query object, which can in turn have their own nested objects.

The Cloud reads LIST or Relay Connection type objects as views. If a field is SCALAR, it's read as a column, and if a field is a simple OBJECT, it is expanded.

Set the metadata introspection depth as follows:

  • ExpandTablesDepth: Setting to 0 will read only from the root query object. In scenarios where lists are nested in other lists, set the ExpandTablesDepth to the number of nested layers deep to be scanned.
  • ExpandColumnsDepth: This determines how many more layers deep (starting from the ExpandTablesDepth) to expand objects to include fields from their nested child objects.

CData Cloud

Using Mutations

The Cloud will automatically scan for available mutations. Given that there is no method provided by GraphQL for determining which mutations can be used for each table, each mutation is exposed as a stored procedure. This replaces the traditional use of INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE SQL statements when working with GraphQL.

All SCALAR mutation fields are exposed directly, and all object fields are expanded.

LIST fields are exposed as temporary tables (GraphQL tables of type TEMPORARY_TABLE). The discovered temporary tables can be obtained by querying the sys_tables and sys_tablecolumns system tables. These tables contain a RowId and ParentId field to denote the row and housing (parent) table of a given child table.

An example of a mutation is productCreate. Invoke mutations as a stored procedure after first loading the relevant child tables needed for the operation:

INSERT INTO productCreate_metafields#TEMP (namespace,key,value,type) VALUES ('MRproductInfo','ALU','449788022','string')

INSERT INTO productCreate_variants#TEMP (RowId,price,sku,inventoryManagement,weightUnit,weight,options,metafields,inventoryQuantities) VALUES (1,'39.99','38536314-0acb-4d3f-b8ff-a0f2014d2c75','SHOPIFY','POUNDS',1,'L,XL,XXL','productCreate_variants_metafields','productCreate_variants_inventoryQuantities')

INSERT INTO productCreate_variants_metafields#TEMP (ParentId,namespace,key,value,type) VALUES ('1','MRproductInfo','ALU','449788022-M-','string')

INSERT INTO productCreate_variants_metafields#TEMP (ParentId,namespace,key,value,type) VALUES ('1','MRproductInfo','ItemNumber','400000881201','string')

INSERT INTO productCreate_variants_inventoryQuantities#TEMP (ParentId,locationId,availableQuantity) VALUES ('1','gid://shopify/Location/1448280087',5)

INSERT INTO productCreate_media#TEMP (originalSource,alt,mediaContentType) VALUES ('https://static.nike.com/a/images/t_PDP_1280_v1/f_auto,q_auto:eco/qwqfyddzikcgc4ozwigp/revolution-5-road-running-shoes-szF7CS.png','Magic Shoes','IMAGE')

EXECUTE productCreate title='NIKE  - 449788022', descriptionHtml='MEN''S SHOES 42-MENS L/S TEES',productType='Staging', vendor='NIKE', published='false', options='size,width',metafields='productCreate_metafields#TEMP', variants='productCreate_variants#TEMP', media='productCreate_media#TEMP'

CData Cloud

Customizing Schemas

Custom schemas are defined in configuration files. This chapter outlines the structure of these files.
Note: The GenerateSchemaFiles property enables you to persist table metadata in static schema files that are easy to customize (to persist your changes to column data types, for example). Set this property to "OnStart" to generate schema files for all tables in your database at connection. Alternatively, set this property to "OnUse" to generate schemas as you execute SELECT queries to tables. It is also possible to create a specific schema file for a table using the CreateSchema stored procedure.

Editing Schema Files

Tables and views are defined by authoring schema files in APIScript. APIScript is a simple configuration language that allows you to define the columns and the behavior of the table. It also has built-in Operations that enable you to process GraphQL. In addition to these data processing primitives, APIScript is a full-featured language with constructs for conditionals, looping, etc. However, as shown by the example schema, for most table definitions you will not need to use these features.

Example Schema

Below is a fully functional table schema that models the Labels table and contains all the components you will need to execute SQL to GraphQL data sources.

You can find more information on each of the components of a schema in Column Definitions, SELECT Execution.

 <rsb:script xmlns:rsb="http://apiscript.com/ns?v1" xmlns:xs="http://www.cdata.com/ns/rsbscript/2" xmlns:other="http://apiscript.com/ns?v1"> 
   <rsb:info title="Labels" desc="Lists information about the different labels you can apply on an issue." other:possiblePaths="{'path':'/repository/labels/edges/node','Name':{'path':'/repository/label'}}" other:paginationObjects="{'labels':{'cursorPath':'after','cursorType':'String','pageSizeArgumentPath':'first','pageSizeArgumentType':'Int','depth':'1','paginationType':'Cursor','isConnection':'True','pageInfo':['endCursor','hasNextPage','hasPreviousPage','startCursor']}}"> 
     <attr   name="Id"               xs:type="string"     key="true"   other:relativePath="id"             desc="The ID of the label."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     /> 
     <attr   name="RepositoryName"   xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="name"           desc="The name of the repository."                                     other:filter="name:="    other:argumenttype="String!"    other:depth="1"                                           references="Repositories.Name"                                                                                /> 
     <attr   name="UserLogin"        xs:type="string"                                                                          desc="The login name of the user."                                     other:filter="owner:="   other:argumenttype="String!"    other:depth="1"                                           references="Users.Login"            other:mirror="true"         other:canBeSliced="true"  /> 
     <attr   name="Color"            xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="color"          desc="Identifies the label color."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              /> 
     <attr   name="CreatedAt"        xs:type="datetime"                          other:relativePath="createdAt"      desc="Identifies the date and time when the label was created."                                                                                                                  other:orderby="CREATED_AT"                                                                                                                           /> 
     <attr   name="Description"      xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="description"    desc="A brief description of this label."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       /> 
     <attr   name="IsDefault"        xs:type="boolean"                           other:relativePath="isDefault"      desc="Indicates whether or not this is a default label."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        /> 
     <attr   name="Name"             xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="name"           desc="Identifies the label name."                                      other:filter="name:="    other:argumenttype="String!"                                 other:orderby="NAME"                                                       other:isPathFilter="true"                                       /> 
     <attr   name="ResourcePath"     xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="resourcePath"   desc="The HTTP path for this label."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            /> 
     <attr   name="UpdatedAt"        xs:type="datetime"                          other:relativePath="updatedAt"      desc="Identifies the date and time when the label was last updated."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            /> 
     <attr   name="Url"              xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="url"            desc="The HTTP URL for this label."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             /> 
   </rsb:info> 

   <rsb:script method="GET"> 
     <rsb:push op="graphqladoSelect" /> 
   </rsb:script> 

 </rsb:script>

Example Custom Headers

Static Headers

The following example shows how to add static headers in the schema file. These headers are added to the request every time the schema file is called.

  <rsb:script xmlns:rsb="http://apiscript.com/ns?v1" xmlns:xs="http://www.cdata.com/ns/rsbscript/2" xmlns:other="http://apiscript.com/ns?v1"> 
    ...
    <input name="Ship1" other:headerName="DynamicValuedHeader" />
    <input name="Ship2" other:headerName="DynamicValuedHeader" />
  </rsb:info> 

  <api:set attr="Header:Name#1"  value="StaticValuedHeader" />
  <api:set attr="Header:Value#1" value="StaticValuedHeader__Value" />

Dynamic Headers

The following example shows how to add dynamic headers in the schema file. These headers are added to the request every time the schema file is called.

  <rsb:script xmlns:rsb="http://apiscript.com/ns?v1" xmlns:xs="http://www.cdata.com/ns/rsbscript/2" xmlns:other="http://apiscript.com/ns?v1"> 
    ...
    <input name="Ship1" other:headerName="DynamicValuedHeader" />
    <input name="Ship2" other:headerName="DynamicValuedHeader" />
    <input name="Ship3" other:headerName="DynamicValuedHeader2" />
  </rsb:info> 

  <api:set attr="Header:Name#1"  value="DynamicValuedHeader" />
  <api:set attr="Header:Value#1" value="[_input.Ship1] - [_input.Ship2]" />

  SELECT * FROM [Table] WHERE [Ship1] = "Value1" AND [Ship2] = "Value2" AND [DynamicValuedHeader2] = "custom value"
In the above example, the value format of DynamicValuedHeader is parsed by the driver, but for DynamicValuedHeader2, it is the same as the value specified in the query.

CData Cloud

Column Definitions

The basic attributes of a column are the name of the column, the data type, whether the column is a primary key, the relative path and the depth. The Cloud uses the depth attribute to extract nodes from hierarchical data.

Mark up column attributes in the block of the schema file. You can also provide a description of each attribute using the desc property.

 <rsb:script xmlns:rsb="http://apiscript.com/ns?v1" xmlns:xs="http://www.cdata.com/ns/rsbscript/2" xmlns:other="http://apiscript.com/ns?v1"> 
   <rsb:info title="Labels" desc="Lists information about the different labels you can apply on an issue." other:possiblePaths="{'path':'/repository/labels/edges/node','Name':{'path':'/repository/label'}}" other:paginationObjects="{'labels':{'cursorPath':'after','cursorType':'String','pageSizeArgumentPath':'first','pageSizeArgumentType':'Int','depth':'1','paginationType':'Cursor','isConnection':'True','pageInfo':['endCursor','hasNextPage','hasPreviousPage','startCursor']}}"> 
     <attr   name="Id"               xs:type="string"     key="true"   other:relativePath="id"             desc="The ID of the label."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  /> 
     <attr   name="RepositoryName"   xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="name"           desc="The name of the repository."                                     other:filter="name:="    other:argumenttype="String!"    other:depth="1"                                           references="Repositories.Name"                                                                             /> 
     <attr   name="UserLogin"        xs:type="string"                                                                          desc="The login name of the user."                                     other:filter="owner:="   other:argumenttype="String!"    other:depth="1"                                           references="Users.Login"         other:mirror="true"         other:canBeSliced="true"  /> 
     <attr   name="Color"            xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="color"          desc="Identifies the label color."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           /> 
     <attr   name="CreatedAt"        xs:type="datetime"                          other:relativePath="createdAt"      desc="Identifies the date and time when the label was created."                                                                                                                  other:orderby="CREATED_AT"                                                                                                                        /> 
     <attr   name="Description"      xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="description"    desc="A brief description of this label."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    /> 
     <attr   name="IsDefault"        xs:type="boolean"                           other:relativePath="isDefault"      desc="Indicates whether or not this is a default label."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     /> 
     <attr   name="Name"             xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="name"           desc="Identifies the label name."                                      other:filter="name:="    other:argumenttype="String!"                                 other:orderby="NAME"                                                    other:isPathFilter="true"                                       /> 
     <attr   name="ResourcePath"     xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="resourcePath"   desc="The HTTP path for this label."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         /> 
     <attr   name="UpdatedAt"        xs:type="datetime"                          other:relativePath="updatedAt"      desc="Identifies the date and time when the label was last updated."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         /> 
     <attr   name="Url"              xs:type="string"                            other:relativePath="url"            desc="The HTTP URL for this label."                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          /> 
   </rsb:info> 

   <rsb:script method="GET"> 
     <rsb:push op="graphqladoSelect" /> 
   </rsb:script> 

 </rsb:script>
The following sections provide more detail on using paths to extract columns and rows. To see the column definitions in a complete schema, refer to Customizing Schemas.

Mapping SELECT Projection to GraphQL Fields

Control the building process of a GraphQL field path with the properties listed below:

  1. The other:possiblePaths property is used to specify the base paths that select the column's value.

    Base paths start with a '/' and contain the full path to the last GraphQL nested object.

      <rsb:info title="Labels" desc="Lists information about the different labels you can apply to an issue." other:possiblePaths="{'path':'/repository/labels/edges/node','Name':{'path':'/repository/label'}}" other:paginationObjects="{'labels':{'cursorPath':'after','cursorType':'String','pageSizeArgumentPath':'first','pageSizeArgumentType':'Int','depth':'1''paginationType':'Cursor','isConnection':'True','pageInfo':['endCursor','hasNextPage','hasPreviousPage','startCursor']}}">
    The following GraphQL query is based on the above script example:
    { # base path=/repository/labels/edges/node
      repository {
        labels {
          edges {
            node {
              ...
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

  2. The other:relativePath property must be specified for each column. This property is used in conjuction with the other:possiblePaths property to build the GraphQL field path.

      <attr   name="Name"  xs:type="string"  other:relativePath="name"  desc="Identifies the label name."    />
    Based on the above script example the Cloud will build the following GraphQL query:
    { # base path=/repository/labels/edges/node
      repository { # depth=1 
        labels { # depth=2
          edges {
            node {
              name # path=base path + relative path.
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

  3. Use the other:depth property to specify an element inside a specific GraphQL object. The indexes are 1-based. If this attribute is not specified then the default value will be equal to the last nested GraphQL object.

      <attr   name="RepositoryName"   xs:type="string"  other:relativePath="name"   desc="The name of the repository."  other:depth="1" />
    The following GraphQL query is built from the above script example:
    { # base path=/repository/labels/edges/node
      repository { # depth=1 
        name # This is mapped to the RepositoryName column
        labels { # depth=2
          edges {
            node {
              ...
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

  4. Use the other:fragment property to specify a group of fields. This property can be used when the GraphQL server returns an array of objects and the Cloud may need to push this info as an aggregate.

      <attr   name="ColumnValues"   xs:type="string"  other:relativePath="column_values"   desc="Column values."  other:fragment="fragment ItemColumnValues on ColumnValue {  id \\r\\n value }" />
    Based on the above script example, the Cloud will build the following GraphQL query:
    query {
        items {
            column_values {
                ...ItemColumnValues
            }
        }
    }
    fragment ItemColumnValues on ColumnValue {
        id
        value
    }

  5. Use the other:canbesliced property enable slicing behavior in the Cloud

    For example,

    SELECT * FROM Table WHERE Col IN ('1','2','3')
    becomes
    SELECT * FROM Table WHERE Col=1
    SELECT * FROM Table WHERE Col=2
    SELECT * FROM Table WHERE Col=3

  6. Use the other:mirror property to reflect the value specified in the criteria. Use on columns that are not specified in the server response.

    For example:


    SELECT * FROM Table WHERE Col=X (If other:mirror=true the Cloud will artificially set the value of Col to X for every row.)
  7. Use references to reference the key column of the parent table. Example: If there are two tables Orders and OrderLineItems and the OrderLineItems has a column OrderId, the references field for this column will be "Orders.Id".

Notes:

  • Paths and column names (when used to generate the path) are case sensitive.
  • At least one possible path should be specified.
  • The other:relativePath property must be specified for every column. Otherwise, the Cloud cannot map the SELECT column to a GraphQL field.

CData Cloud

SELECT Execution

When a SELECT query is issued, the Cloud executes the GET method of the schema, which invokes the Cloud's built-in operations to process GraphQL. In the GET method, you have control over the request for data. The following procedures show several ways to use this: search the remote data, server-side, with SELECT WHERE, or implement paging.

Mapping SELECT criteria to GraphQL arguments

The following sections show how to translate a SELECT WHERE statement into a GraphQL query to GraphQL APIs. The procedure uses the following statement:

SELECT * 
FROM <table> 
WHERE ModifiedAt < '2019-10-30 05:05:36.001'

If this filter is supported on the server via query parameters, you can use the other:filter property of the api:info column definition to specify the desired mapping. For the above query, the Cloud uses this property to map the modifiedAt < '<date>' filter to the query parameter that returns results modified before a given date, and the modifedAt > '<date>' filter to the query parameter that filters the results modified after that date.

  • other:filter is a semicolon-separated list of <parameter name>:<operator list>. <parameter name> is the name of the query parameter and <operator list> is a comma-separated list of operators used for the mapping. Valid operators are <, <=, =, > and >=.
  • other:argumentType is a required extra info. It should contain the type of the argument based on the GraphQL schema type language.

To perform this mapping, the Cloud would use the following markup for the modifedAt column definition:

<attr name="ModifiedAt" xs:type="datetime" other:relativePath="modifiedAt" other:argumentType="DateTime" description="When the vendor was last modified." other:filter="modifiedAtAfter:>;modifiedAtBefore:<" />

This query results in the following postdata:

{
    "variables": {
        "ModifiedAt_modifiedAtBefore": "2019-10-30T09:05:36.001Z"
    },
    "query": "query($ModifiedAt_modifiedAtBefore:DateTime) {\r\nbusinesses {\r\nedges {\r\nnode {\r\ncustomers(modifiedAtBefore:$ModifiedAt_modifiedAtBefore) {\r\nedges {\r\nnode {\r\nid\r\nmodifiedAt\r\n}\r\n}\r\npageInfo {\r\ntotalPages\r\ncurrentPage\r\n}\r\n}\r\nid\r\n}\r\n}\r\npageInfo {\r\ntotalPages\r\ncurrentPage\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}\r\n"
}

Path filters

There are GraphQL services where the GraphQL argument is not enough to process the filter server-side. The path should be changed. In order to correctly use a path filter, you must complete the following steps:
  1. Add the path to the other:possiblePaths extra info and map it with the column name you want to filter.

    Ex: other:possiblepaths="{'path':'/businesses/edges/node','id':{'path':'/business'}}"

  2. Set the other:isPathFilter to TRUE in the column definition.
    <attr  name="Id"  xs:type="string" key="true" other:relativePath="id" other:isPathFilter="true" other:filter="id:="  />
After completing these steps, the following SQL query
SELECT Id, Name, CreatedAt FROM Businesses WHERE Id = 'QnVzaW5M6ZTY4ZDA2MmQtYzkzZS00MGZkLTk4YWUtNDg2YzcxMmExNzFl'
is converted to the postdata:
{
    "variables": {
        "Id_id": "QnVzaW5M6ZTY4ZDA2MmQtYzkzZS00MGZkLTk4YWUtNDg2YzcxMmExNzFl"
    },
    "query": "query($Id_id:ID) {\r\nbusiness(id:$Id_id) {\r\nid\r\nname\r\ncreatedAt\r\n}\r\n}\r\n"
}

Pagination

The driver supports two pagination modes.

  • Cursor
    other:paginationObjects = "{
        'labels': {
            'cursorPath': 'after',
            'cursorType': 'String',
            'pageSizeArgumentPath': 'first',
            'pageSizeArgumentType': 'Int',
    	'depth':'1',
            'paginationType': 'Cursor',
            'isConnection': 'True',
            'pageInfo': ['endCursor', 'hasNextPage', 'hasPreviousPage', 'startCursor']
        }
    }"
    The following postdata is generated after processing the other:paginationObjects table extra info specified above:
    {
        "variables": {
            "UserLogin_owner": "testaccount71",
            "RepositoryName_name": "test",
            "first": <Pagesize>
        },
        "query": "query($UserLogin_owner:String!, $RepositoryName_name:String!, $first:Int) {\r\nrepository(owner:$UserLogin_owner, name:$RepositoryName_name) {\r\nlabels(first:$first) {\r\nedges {\r\nnode {\r\nid\r\ncolor\r\ncreatedAt\r\ndescription\r\nisDefault\r\nname\r\nresourcePath\r\nupdatedAt\r\nurl\r\n}\r\n}\r\npageInfo {\r\nendCursor\r\nhasNextPage\r\n}\r\n}\r\nname\r\n}\r\n}\r\n"
    }
  • Offset
    other:paginationObjects="{
        'businesses': {
            'offsetArgumentPath': 'page',
            'offsetArgumentType': 'Int',
            'pageSizeArgumentPath': 'pageSize',
            'pageSizeArgumentType': 'Int',
    	'depth':'1',
            'paginationType': 'Offset',
            'isConnectionObject': 'True',
            'pageInfo': ['currentPage', 'totalPages', 'totalCount']
        }
    }"
    The following postdata is generated after processing the other:paginationObjects table extra info specified above:
    {
        "variables": {
            "pageSize_1": <Pagesize>
        },
        "query": "query($pageSize_1:Int) {\r\nbusinesses(pageSize:$pageSize_1) {\r\nedges {\r\nnode {\r\nid\r\n}\r\n}\r\npageInfo {\r\ntotalPages\r\ncurrentPage\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}\r\n"
    }
Note: The driver supports pagination with input objects as arguments.
other:paginationObjects="{
    'businesses': {
        'offsetArgumentPath': 'query/pagination/page',
        'offsetArgumentType': 'custom_query',
        'pageSizeArgumentPath': 'query/pagination/pageSize',
        'pageSizeArgumentType': 'custom_query',
		'depth':'1',
        'paginationType': 'Offset',
        'isConnectionObject': 'True',
        'pageInfo': ['currentPage', 'totalPages', 'totalCount']
    }
}"
The following postdata is generated after processing the other:paginationObjects table extra info specified above:
{
    "variables": {
        "query": {
			"pagination": {
				"pageSize":<Pagesize>
			}
		}
    },
    "query": "query($query:custom_query) {\r\nbusinesses(query:$query) {\r\nedges {\r\nnode {\r\nid\r\n}\r\n}\r\npageInfo {\r\ntotalPages\r\ncurrentPage\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}\r\n"
}

Process Other SELECT Statements Server Side

ORDER BY

You can sort the results server-side (if the GraphQL service supports doing so) by specifying the following properties:
  • The other:orderByFormat can be specified in the table definition or in the column definition.
    <rsb:info title="Labels" desc="Lists information about the different labels you can apply on an issue." other:orderByFormat="{field: {orderByArgumentValue}, direction: {sortOrder}}">
    <attr name="CreatedAt" xs:type="datetime" other:relativePath="createdAt"  other:orderByFormat="{field: {orderByArgumentValue}, direction: {sortOrder}}" other:orderBy="orderBy:CREATED_AT" />
  • The other:orderBy should be specified only in the column definition. The format of this property is <orderByArgumentName>:<orderByArgumentValue>
    <attr name="CreatedAt" xs:type="datetime" other:relativePath="createdAt"  other:orderBy="orderBy:CREATED_AT" />
After completing these steps, the following SQL query
SELECT Id FROM Labels ORDER BY CreatedAt ASC
is converted to this postdata:
{
    "variables": {
        "first": <Pagesize>
    },
    "query": "query($first:Int) {\r\nrepository {\r\nlabels(sort:{field: CREATED_AT, direction: ASC}, first:$first) {\r\nedges {\r\nnode {\r\nid\r\n}\r\n}\r\npageInfo {\r\nendCursor\r\nhasNextPage\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}\r\n"
}

CData Cloud

Operations

The Cloud has high-performance operations for processing GraphQL data sources. These operations are platform neutral: Schema files that invoke these operations can be used in both .NET and Java. You can also extend the Cloud with your own operations written in .NET or Java.

The Cloud has the following operations:

Operation NameDescription
OAuthGetAccessTokenFor OAuth 1.0, exchange a request token for an access token. For OAuth 2.0, get an access token or get a new access token with the refresh token.
OAuthGetUserAuthorizationURLGenerates the user authorization URL. OAuth 2.0 will not access the network in this operation.

CData Cloud

OAuthGetAccessToken

The OAuthGetAccessToken operation is an APIScript operation that is used to facilitate the OAuth authentication and refresh flows.

The Cloud includes stored procedures that invoke this operation to complete the OAuth exchange. The following example schema briefly lists some of the typically required inputs before the following sections explain them in more detail.

Creating a GetOAuthAccessToken Stored Procedure

Invoke the OAuthGetAccessToken with the GetOAuthAccessToken stored procedure. The following inputs are required for most data sources and will provide default values for the connection properties of the same name.

<api:script xmlns:api="http://www.rssbus.com/ns/rsbscript/2">

  <api:info title="GetOAuthAccessToken"   description="Obtains the OAuth access token to be used for authentication with various APIs."                                                         >
    <input  name="AuthMode"               desc="The OAuth flow. APP or WEB."                                                                                                                    />
    <input  name="CallbackURL"            desc="The URL to be used as a trusted redirect URL, where the user will return with the token that verifies that they have granted your app access. " />
    <input  name="OAuthAccessToken"       desc="The request token. OAuth 1.0 only."                                                                                                             />
    <input  name="OAuthAccessTokenSecret" desc="The request token secret. OAuth 1.0 only."                                                                                                      />
    <input  name="Verifier"               desc="The verifier code obtained when the user grants permissions to your app."                                                                       />

    <output name="OAuthAccessToken"       desc="The access token."                                                                                                                              />
    <output name="OAuthTokenSecret"       desc="The access token secret."                                                                                                                       />
    <output name="OAuthRefreshToken"      desc="A token that may be used to obtain a new access token."                                                                                         />
 </api:info>

  <!-- Set OAuthVersion to 1.0 or 2.0. -->
  <api:set attr="OAuthVersion"                                                    value="MyOAuthVersion"                 />
  <!-- Set RequestTokenURL to the URL where the request for the request token is made. OAuth 1.0 only.-->
  <api:set attr="OAuthRequestTokenURL"                                            value="http://MyOAuthRequestTokenURL" />
  <!-- Set OAuthAuthorizationURL to the URL where the user logs into the service and grants permissions to the application. -->
  <api:set attr="OAuthAuthorizationURL"                                           value="http://MyOAuthAuthorizationURL" />
  <!-- Set OAuthAccessTokenURL to the URL where the request for the access token is made. -->
  <api:set attr="OAuthAccessTokenURL"                                             value="http://MyOAuthAccessTokenURL"   />
  <!-- Set GrantType to the authorization grant type. OAuth 2.0 only. -->
  <api:set attr="GrantType"                                                       value="CODE"                           />
  <!-- Set SignMethod to the signature method used to calculate the signature of the request. OAuth 1.0 only.-->
  <api:set attr="SignMethod"                                                      value="HMAC-SHA1"                      />
  <api:call op="oauthGetAccessToken">
    <api:push/>
  </api:call>
  
</api:script>

Writing the RefreshOAuthAccessToken Stored Procedure

You can also use OAuthGetAccessToken to refresh the access token by providing the following inputs:

<api:script xmlns:api="http://www.rssbus.com/ns/rsbscript/2">

  <api:info title="RefreshOAuthAccessToken" description="Refreshes the OAuth access token used for authentication." >
    <input  name="OAuthRefreshToken"        desc="A token that may be used to obtain a new access token."           />

    <output name="OAuthAccessToken"         desc="The authentication token returned."                               />
    <output name="OAuthTokenSecret"         desc="The authentication token secret returned. OAuth 1.0 only."        />
    <output name="OAuthRefreshToken"        desc="A token that may be used to obtain a new access token."           />
    <output name="ExpiresIn"                desc="The remaining lifetime on the access token."                      />

  </api:info>

  <!-- Set OAuthVersion to 1.0 or 2.0. -->
  <api:set attr="OAuthVersion"                                                    value="MyOAuthVersion"                 />
    <!-- Set GrantType to REFRESH. OAuth 2.0 only. -->
    <api:set attr="GrantType"            value="REFRESH" />
    <!-- Set SignMethod to the signature method used to calculate the signature of the request. OAuth 1.0 only.-->
    <api:set attr="SignMethod"           value="HMAC-SHA1" />
    <!-- Set OAuthAccessTokenURL to the URL where the request for the access token is made. -->
    <api:set attr="OAuthAccessTokenURL"  value="http://MyOAuthAccessTokenURL" />
    <!-- Set AuthMode to 'WEB' when calling RefreshOAuthAccessToken -->
    <api:set attr="AuthMode" value="WEB"/>
  <api:call op="oauthGetAccessToken">
    <api:push/>
  </api:call>
  
</api:script>

Input Parameters

  • OAuthVersion: The OAuth version. The allowed values are 1.0, 2.0. The default value is 1.0.
  • AuthMode: The OAuth flow. OAuth 2.0 only. If you choose the App mode, this operation will launch your browser and prompt you to authenticate with your account credentials. Set this parameter to WEB to authenticate a Web app or if the Cloud is not allowed to open a Web browser. The default value is APP.
  • OAuthRequestTokenURL: The URL where the Cloud makes a request for the request token. OAuth 1.0 only. Required for OAuth 1.0.
  • OAuthAuthorizationURL: The URL where the user logs into the service and grants permissions to the application. In OAuth 1.0, if permissions are granted the request token is authorized.
  • OAuthAccessTokenURL: The URL where the request for the access token is made. In OAuth 1.0, the authorized request token is exchanged for the access token.
  • CallbackURL: The URL to be used as a trusted redirect URL, where the user will return with the token that verifies that they have granted your app access. This value must match the callback URL you specify when you register an app. Note that your data source may additionally require the port.
  • OAuthClientId: The client Id obtained when you register an app. Also called a consumer key.
  • OAuthClientSecret: The client secret obtained when you register an app. Also called a consumer secret.
  • OAuthAccessToken: The request token. OAuth 1.0 only.
  • OAuthAccessTokenSecret: The request token secret. OAuth 1.0 only.
  • OAuthRefreshToken: A token that may be used to obtain a new access token.
  • GrantType: Authorization grant type. OAuth 2.0 only. The allowed values are CODE, PASSWORD, CLIENT, REFRESH. The default value is CODE.
  • Verifier: The verifier code obtained when the user grants permissions to the Cloud. In the OAuth 2.0 code grant type, the verifier code is located in the code query string parameter of the callback URL. In OAuth 1.0, the verifier is located in the oauth_verifier query string parameter of the callback URL.
  • SignMethod: The signature method used to calculate the signature for OAuth 1.0. The allowed values are HMAC-SHA1, PLAINTEXT. The default value is HMAC-SHA1.
  • Cert: Path for the PFX personal certificate file. OAuth 1.0 only.
  • CertPassword: Personal certificate password. OAuth 1.0 only.
  • OtherOptions: Other options to control the behavior of OAuth.
  • OAuthParam:*: Other parameters.
  • PostData: The HTTP POST data.
  • Timeout: The timeout, in seconds, for the operation to complete. Zero (0) means no timeout. The default value is 60.
  • LogFile: Specifies a file where the request and response are logged.
  • Proxy_Auto: Whether or not the proxy should be detected from Windows system settings. This takes precedence over other proxy settings and is not available in Java. The allowed values are TRUE, FALSE. The default value is FALSE.
  • Proxy_Server: IP address or host name of the proxy server used for the request.
  • Proxy_Port: The port number of the proxy server.
  • Proxy_User: The user Id used to authenticate with the proxy server.
  • Proxy_Password: The password used to authenticate with the proxy server.
  • Proxy_AuthScheme: The authentication scheme of the proxy server. The allowed values are BASIC, DIGEST, NONE, NTLM. The default value is BASIC.
  • Proxy_AuthToken: The proxy authentication token.
  • Proxy_SSLType: The SSL type of the proxy server. The allowed values are AUTO, ALWAYS, NEVER, TUNNEL. The default value is AUTO.
  • Firewall_Type: The type of the firewall. The allowed values are NONE, TUNNEL, SOCKS4, SOCKS5. The default value is NONE.
  • Firewall_Server: The IP address or host name of the firewall.
  • Firewall_Port: The port number of the firewall.
  • Firewall_User: The user Id used to authenticate with the firewall.
  • Firewall_Password: The password used to authenticate with the firewall.

Output Parameters

  • OAuthAccessToken: The access token.
  • OAuthTokenSecret: The access token secret.
  • OAuthRefreshToken: A token that may be used to obtain a new access token.
  • ExpiresIn: The remaining lifetime on the access token.
  • OAuthParam:*: Other parameters sent from the server.

CData Cloud

OAuthGetUserAuthorizationURL

The OAuthGetUserAuthorizationURL is an APIScript operation that is used to facilitate the OAuth authentication flow for Web apps, for offline apps, and in situations where the Cloud is not allowed to open a Web browser. To pass the needed inputs to this operation, define the GetOAuthAuthorizationURL stored procedure. The Cloud can call this internally.

Define stored procedures in .rsb files with the same file name as the schema's title. The example schema briefly lists some of the typically required inputs before the following sections explain them in more detail.

Writing the GetOAuthAuthorizationURL Stored Procedure

Call OAuthGetUserAuthorizationURL in the GetOAuthAuthorizationURL stored procedure.

<api:script xmlns:api="http://www.rssbus.com/ns/rsbscript/2">

  <api:info title="Get OAuth Authorization URL" description="Obtains the OAuth authorization URL used for authentication with various APIs."                                                          >
    <input  name="CallbackURL"                  desc="The URL to be used as a trusted redirect URL, where the user will return with the token that verifies that they have granted your app access. " />

    <output name="URL"                          desc="The URL where the user logs in and is prompted to grant permissions to the app. "                                                               />
    <output name="OAuthAccessToken"             desc="The request token. OAuth 1.0 only."                                                                                                             />
    <output name="OAuthTokenSecret"             desc="The request token secret. OAuth 1.0 only."                                                                                                      />
  </api:info>

  <!-- Set OAuthVersion to 1.0 or 2.0. -->
  <api:set attr="OAuthVersion"          value="MyOAuthVersion"                 />
  <!-- Set ResponseType to the desired authorization grant type. OAuth 2.0 only.-->
  <api:set attr="ResponseType"           value="code"                           />
  <!-- Set SignMethod to the signature method used to calculate the signature. OAuth 1.0 only.-->
  <api:set attr="SignMethod"            value="HMAC-SHA1"                      />
  <!-- Set OAuthAuthorizationURL to the URL where the user logs into the service and grants permissions to the application. -->
  <api:set attr="OAuthAuthorizationURL"  value="http://MyOAuthAuthorizationURL" />
  <!-- Set OAuthAccessTokenURL to the URL where the request for the access token is made. -->
  <api:set attr="OAuthAccessTokenURL"   value="http://MyOAuthAccessTokenURL"/>
  <!-- Set RequestTokenURL to the URL where the request for the request token is made. OAuth 1.0 only.-->
  <api:set attr="OAuthRequestTokenURL"   value="http://MyOAuthRequestTokenURL"       />
  <api:call op="oauthGetUserAuthorizationUrl">
    <api:push/>
  </api:call>
  
</api:script>

<p>

Input Parameters

  • OAuthVersion: The OAuth version. The allowed values are 1.0, 2.0. The default value is 1.0.
  • OAuthAuthorizationURL: The URL where the user logs into the service and grants permissions to the application. In OAuth 1.0, if permissions are granted the request token is authorized.
  • OAuthRequestTokenURL: The URL where the Cloud makes a request for the request token. OAuth 1.0 only. Required for OAuth 1.0.
  • CallbackURL: The URL to be used as a trusted redirect URL, where the user will return with the token that verifies that they have granted your app access. This value must match the callback URL you specify when you register an app. Note that your data source may additionally require the port. The default value is http://127.0.0.1/.
  • OAuthClientId: The client Id. Also called a consumer key.
  • OAuthClientSecret: The client secret. Also called a consumer secret.
  • ResponseType: The desired authorization grant type. OAuth 2.0 only. The allowed values are CODE, IMPLICIT. The default value is CODE.
  • SignMethod: The signature method used to calculate the signature for OAuth 1.0. The allowed values are HMAC-SHA1, RSA-SHA1, PLAINTEXT. The default value is HMAC-SHA1.
  • Cert: Path for the personal certificate PFX file. OAuth 1.0 only.
  • CertPassword: Personal certificate password. OAuth 1.0 only.
  • OtherOptions: Other options to control the behavior of OAuth.
  • OAuthParam:*: Other parameters. OAuth 1.0 only.
  • Timeout: The timeout, in seconds, for the operation to complete. Zero (0) means no timeout. The default value is 60.
  • Proxy_Auto: Whether or not the proxy should be detected from Windows system settings. This takes precedence over other proxy settings and is not available in Java. The allowed values are TRUE, FALSE. The default value is FALSE.
  • Proxy_Server: IP address or host name of the proxy server used for the request.
  • Proxy_Port: The port number of the proxy server.
  • Proxy_User: The user Id used to authenticate with the proxy server.
  • Proxy_Password: The password used to authenticate with the proxy server.
  • Proxy_AuthScheme: The authentication scheme of the proxy server. The allowed values are BASIC, DIGEST, NONE, NTLM. The default value is BASIC.
  • Proxy_AuthToken: The proxy authentication token.
  • Proxy_SSLType: The SSL type of the proxy server. The allowed values are AUTO, ALWAYS, NEVER, TUNNEL. The default value is AUTO.
  • Firewall_Type: The type of the firewall. The allowed values are NONE, TUNNEL, SOCKS4, SOCKS5. The default value is NONE.
  • Firewall_Server: The IP address or host name of the firewall.
  • Firewall_Port: The port number of the firewall.
  • Firewall_User: The user Id used to authenticate with the firewall.
  • Firewall_Password: The password used to authenticate with the firewall.

Output Parameters

  • URL: The URL where the user logs in and is prompted to grant permissions to the app. In OAuth 1.0, if permissions are granted the request token is authorized.
  • OAuthAccessToken: The request token. OAuth 1.0 only.
  • OAuthTokenSecret: The request token secret. OAuth 1.0 only.
  • OAuthParam:*: Other parameters sent from the server. OAuth 1.0 only.

CData Cloud

System Tables

You can query the system tables described in this section to access schema information, information on data source functionality, and batch operation statistics.

Schema Tables

The following tables return database metadata for GraphQL:

  • sys_catalogs: Lists the available databases.
  • sys_schemas: Lists the available schemas.
  • sys_tables: Lists the available tables and views.
  • sys_tablecolumns: Describes the columns of the available tables and views.
  • sys_procedures: Describes the available stored procedures.
  • sys_procedureparameters: Describes stored procedure parameters.
  • sys_keycolumns: Describes the primary and foreign keys.
  • sys_indexes: Describes the available indexes.

Data Source Tables

The following tables return information about how to connect to and query the data source:

  • sys_connection_props: Returns information on the available connection properties.
  • sys_sqlinfo: Describes the SELECT queries that the Cloud can offload to the data source.

Query Information Tables

The following table returns query statistics for data modification queries:

  • sys_identity: Returns information about batch operations or single updates.

CData Cloud

sys_catalogs

Lists the available databases.

The following query retrieves all databases determined by the connection string:

SELECT * FROM sys_catalogs

Columns

Name Type Description
CatalogName String The database name.

CData Cloud

sys_schemas

Lists the available schemas.

The following query retrieves all available schemas:

          SELECT * FROM sys_schemas
          

Columns

Name Type Description
CatalogName String The database name.
SchemaName String The schema name.

CData Cloud

sys_tables

Lists the available tables.

The following query retrieves the available tables and views:

          SELECT * FROM sys_tables
          

Columns

Name Type Description
CatalogName String The database containing the table or view.
SchemaName String The schema containing the table or view.
TableName String The name of the table or view.
TableType String The table type (table or view).
Description String A description of the table or view.
IsUpdateable Boolean Whether the table can be updated.

CData Cloud

sys_tablecolumns

Describes the columns of the available tables and views.

The following query returns the columns and data types for the Users table:

SELECT ColumnName, DataTypeName FROM sys_tablecolumns WHERE TableName='Users' 

Columns

Name Type Description
CatalogName String The name of the database containing the table or view.
SchemaName String The schema containing the table or view.
TableName String The name of the table or view containing the column.
ColumnName String The column name.
DataTypeName String The data type name.
DataType Int32 An integer indicating the data type. This value is determined at run time based on the environment.
Length Int32 The storage size of the column.
DisplaySize Int32 The designated column's normal maximum width in characters.
NumericPrecision Int32 The maximum number of digits in numeric data. The column length in characters for character and date-time data.
NumericScale Int32 The column scale or number of digits to the right of the decimal point.
IsNullable Boolean Whether the column can contain null.
Description String A brief description of the column.
Ordinal Int32 The sequence number of the column.
IsAutoIncrement String Whether the column value is assigned in fixed increments.
IsGeneratedColumn String Whether the column is generated.
IsHidden Boolean Whether the column is hidden.
IsArray Boolean Whether the column is an array.
IsReadOnly Boolean Whether the column is read-only.
IsKey Boolean Indicates whether a field returned from sys_tablecolumns is the primary key of the table.
ColumnType String The role or classification of the column in the schema. Possible values include SYSTEM, LINKEDCOLUMN, NAVIGATIONKEY, REFERENCECOLUMN, and NAVIGATIONPARENTCOLUMN.

CData Cloud

sys_procedures

Lists the available stored procedures.

The following query retrieves the available stored procedures:

          SELECT * FROM sys_procedures
          

Columns

Name Type Description
CatalogName String The database containing the stored procedure.
SchemaName String The schema containing the stored procedure.
ProcedureName String The name of the stored procedure.
Description String A description of the stored procedure.
ProcedureType String The type of the procedure, such as PROCEDURE or FUNCTION.

CData Cloud

sys_procedureparameters

Describes stored procedure parameters.

The following query returns information about all of the input parameters for the SelectEntries stored procedure:

SELECT * FROM sys_procedureparameters WHERE ProcedureName = 'SelectEntries' AND Direction = 1 OR Direction = 2

To include result set columns in addition to the parameters, set the IncludeResultColumns pseudo column to True:

SELECT * FROM sys_procedureparameters WHERE ProcedureName = 'SelectEntries' AND IncludeResultColumns='True'

Columns

Name Type Description
CatalogName String The name of the database containing the stored procedure.
SchemaName String The name of the schema containing the stored procedure.
ProcedureName String The name of the stored procedure containing the parameter.
ColumnName String The name of the stored procedure parameter.
Direction Int32 An integer corresponding to the type of the parameter: input (1), input/output (2), or output(4). input/output type parameters can be both input and output parameters.
DataType Int32 An integer indicating the data type. This value is determined at run time based on the environment.
DataTypeName String The name of the data type.
NumericPrecision Int32 The maximum precision for numeric data. The column length in characters for character and date-time data.
Length Int32 The number of characters allowed for character data. The number of digits allowed for numeric data.
NumericScale Int32 The number of digits to the right of the decimal point in numeric data.
IsNullable Boolean Whether the parameter can contain null.
IsRequired Boolean Whether the parameter is required for execution of the procedure.
IsArray Boolean Whether the parameter is an array.
Description String The description of the parameter.
Ordinal Int32 The index of the parameter.
Values String The values you can set in this parameter are limited to those shown in this column. Possible values are comma-separated.
SupportsStreams Boolean Whether the parameter represents a file that you can pass as either a file path or a stream.
IsPath Boolean Whether the parameter is a target path for a schema creation operation.
Default String The value used for this parameter when no value is specified.
SpecificName String A label that, when multiple stored procedures have the same name, uniquely identifies each identically-named stored procedure. If there's only one procedure with a given name, its name is simply reflected here.
IsCDataProvided Boolean Whether the procedure is added/implemented by CData, as opposed to being a native GraphQL procedure.

Pseudo-Columns

Name Type Description
IncludeResultColumns Boolean Whether the output should include columns from the result set in addition to parameters. Defaults to False.

CData Cloud

sys_keycolumns

Describes the primary and foreign keys.

The following query retrieves the primary key for the Users table:

         SELECT * FROM sys_keycolumns WHERE IsKey='True' AND TableName='Users' 
          

Columns

Name Type Description
CatalogName String The name of the database containing the key.
SchemaName String The name of the schema containing the key.
TableName String The name of the table containing the key.
ColumnName String The name of the key column.
IsKey Boolean Whether the column is a primary key in the table referenced in the TableName field.
IsForeignKey Boolean Whether the column is a foreign key referenced in the TableName field.
PrimaryKeyName String The name of the primary key.
ForeignKeyName String The name of the foreign key.
ReferencedCatalogName String The database containing the primary key.
ReferencedSchemaName String The schema containing the primary key.
ReferencedTableName String The table containing the primary key.
ReferencedColumnName String The column name of the primary key.

CData Cloud

sys_foreignkeys

Describes the foreign keys.

The following query retrieves all foreign keys which refer to other tables:

         SELECT * FROM sys_foreignkeys WHERE ForeignKeyType = 'FOREIGNKEY_TYPE_IMPORT'
          

Columns

Name Type Description
CatalogName String The name of the database containing the key.
SchemaName String The name of the schema containing the key.
TableName String The name of the table containing the key.
ColumnName String The name of the key column.
PrimaryKeyName String The name of the primary key.
ForeignKeyName String The name of the foreign key.
ReferencedCatalogName String The database containing the primary key.
ReferencedSchemaName String The schema containing the primary key.
ReferencedTableName String The table containing the primary key.
ReferencedColumnName String The column name of the primary key.
ForeignKeyType String Designates whether the foreign key is an import (points to other tables) or export (referenced from other tables) key.

CData Cloud

sys_primarykeys

Describes the primary keys.

The following query retrieves the primary keys from all tables and views:

         SELECT * FROM sys_primarykeys
          

Columns

Name Type Description
CatalogName String The name of the database containing the key.
SchemaName String The name of the schema containing the key.
TableName String The name of the table containing the key.
ColumnName String The name of the key column.
KeySeq String The sequence number of the primary key.
KeyName String The name of the primary key.

CData Cloud

sys_indexes

Describes the available indexes. By filtering on indexes, you can write more selective queries with faster query response times.

The following query retrieves all indexes that are not primary keys:

          SELECT * FROM sys_indexes WHERE IsPrimary='false'
          

Columns

Name Type Description
CatalogName String The name of the database containing the index.
SchemaName String The name of the schema containing the index.
TableName String The name of the table containing the index.
IndexName String The index name.
ColumnName String The name of the column associated with the index.
IsUnique Boolean True if the index is unique. False otherwise.
IsPrimary Boolean True if the index is a primary key. False otherwise.
Type Int16 An integer value corresponding to the index type: statistic (0), clustered (1), hashed (2), or other (3).
SortOrder String The sort order: A for ascending or D for descending.
OrdinalPosition Int16 The sequence number of the column in the index.

CData Cloud

sys_connection_props

Returns information on the available connection properties and those set in the connection string.

The following query retrieves all connection properties that have been set in the connection string or set through a default value:

SELECT * FROM sys_connection_props WHERE Value <> ''

Columns

Name Type Description
Name String The name of the connection property.
ShortDescription String A brief description.
Type String The data type of the connection property.
Default String The default value if one is not explicitly set.
Values String A comma-separated list of possible values. A validation error is thrown if another value is specified.
Value String The value you set or a preconfigured default.
Required Boolean Whether the property is required to connect.
Category String The category of the connection property.
IsSessionProperty String Whether the property is a session property, used to save information about the current connection.
Sensitivity String The sensitivity level of the property. This informs whether the property is obfuscated in logging and authentication forms.
PropertyName String A camel-cased truncated form of the connection property name.
Ordinal Int32 The index of the parameter.
CatOrdinal Int32 The index of the parameter category.
Hierarchy String Shows dependent properties associated that need to be set alongside this one.
Visible Boolean Informs whether the property is visible in the connection UI.
ETC String Various miscellaneous information about the property.

CData Cloud

sys_sqlinfo

Describes the SELECT query processing that the Cloud can offload to the data source.

See SQL Compliance for SQL syntax details.

Discovering the Data Source's SELECT Capabilities

Below is an example data set of SQL capabilities. Some aspects of SELECT functionality are returned in a comma-separated list if supported; otherwise, the column contains NO.

NameDescriptionPossible Values
AGGREGATE_FUNCTIONSSupported aggregation functions.AVG, COUNT, MAX, MIN, SUM, DISTINCT
COUNTWhether COUNT function is supported.YES, NO
IDENTIFIER_QUOTE_OPEN_CHARThe opening character used to escape an identifier.[
IDENTIFIER_QUOTE_CLOSE_CHARThe closing character used to escape an identifier.]
SUPPORTED_OPERATORSA list of supported SQL operators.=, >, <, >=, <=, <>, !=, LIKE, NOT LIKE, IN, NOT IN, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL, AND, OR
GROUP_BYWhether GROUP BY is supported, and, if so, the degree of support.NO, NO_RELATION, EQUALS_SELECT, SQL_GB_COLLATE
OJ_CAPABILITIESThe supported varieties of outer joins supported.NO, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL, INNER, NOT_ORDERED, ALL_COMPARISON_OPS
OUTER_JOINSWhether outer joins are supported.YES, NO
SUBQUERIESWhether subqueries are supported, and, if so, the degree of support.NO, COMPARISON, EXISTS, IN, CORRELATED_SUBQUERIES, QUANTIFIED
STRING_FUNCTIONSSupported string functions.LENGTH, CHAR, LOCATE, REPLACE, SUBSTRING, RTRIM, LTRIM, RIGHT, LEFT, UCASE, SPACE, SOUNDEX, LCASE, CONCAT, ASCII, REPEAT, OCTET, BIT, POSITION, INSERT, TRIM, UPPER, REGEXP, LOWER, DIFFERENCE, CHARACTER, SUBSTR, STR, REVERSE, PLAN, UUIDTOSTR, TRANSLATE, TRAILING, TO, STUFF, STRTOUUID, STRING, SPLIT, SORTKEY, SIMILAR, REPLICATE, PATINDEX, LPAD, LEN, LEADING, KEY, INSTR, INSERTSTR, HTML, GRAPHICAL, CONVERT, COLLATION, CHARINDEX, BYTE
NUMERIC_FUNCTIONSSupported numeric functions.ABS, ACOS, ASIN, ATAN, ATAN2, CEILING, COS, COT, EXP, FLOOR, LOG, MOD, SIGN, SIN, SQRT, TAN, PI, RAND, DEGREES, LOG10, POWER, RADIANS, ROUND, TRUNCATE
TIMEDATE_FUNCTIONSSupported date/time functions.NOW, CURDATE, DAYOFMONTH, DAYOFWEEK, DAYOFYEAR, MONTH, QUARTER, WEEK, YEAR, CURTIME, HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND, TIMESTAMPADD, TIMESTAMPDIFF, DAYNAME, MONTHNAME, CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, EXTRACT
REPLICATION_SKIP_TABLESIndicates tables skipped during replication.
REPLICATION_TIMECHECK_COLUMNSA string array containing a list of columns which will be used to check for (in the given order) to use as a modified column during replication.
IDENTIFIER_PATTERNString value indicating what string is valid for an identifier.
SUPPORT_TRANSACTIONIndicates if the provider supports transactions such as commit and rollback.YES, NO
DIALECTIndicates the SQL dialect to use.
KEY_PROPERTIESIndicates the properties which identify the uniform database.
SUPPORTS_MULTIPLE_SCHEMASIndicates if multiple schemas may exist for the provider.YES, NO
SUPPORTS_MULTIPLE_CATALOGSIndicates if multiple catalogs may exist for the provider.YES, NO
DATASYNCVERSIONThe CData Data Sync version needed to access this driver.Standard, Starter, Professional, Enterprise
DATASYNCCATEGORYThe CData Data Sync category of this driver.Source, Destination, Cloud Destination
SUPPORTSENHANCEDSQLWhether enhanced SQL functionality beyond what is offered by the API is supported.TRUE, FALSE
SUPPORTS_BATCH_OPERATIONSWhether batch operations are supported.YES, NO
SQL_CAPAll supported SQL capabilities for this driver.SELECT, INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE, TRANSACTIONS, ORDERBY, OAUTH, ASSIGNEDID, LIMIT, LIKE, BULKINSERT, COUNT, BULKDELETE, BULKUPDATE, GROUPBY, HAVING, AGGS, OFFSET, REPLICATE, COUNTDISTINCT, JOINS, DROP, CREATE, DISTINCT, INNERJOINS, SUBQUERIES, ALTER, MULTIPLESCHEMAS, GROUPBYNORELATION, OUTERJOINS, UNIONALL, UNION, UPSERT, GETDELETED, CROSSJOINS, GROUPBYCOLLATE, MULTIPLECATS, FULLOUTERJOIN, MERGE, JSONEXTRACT, BULKUPSERT, SUM, SUBQUERIESFULL, MIN, MAX, JOINSFULL, XMLEXTRACT, AVG, MULTISTATEMENTS, FOREIGNKEYS, CASE, LEFTJOINS, COMMAJOINS, WITH, LITERALS, RENAME, NESTEDTABLES, EXECUTE, BATCH, BASIC, INDEX
PREFERRED_CACHE_OPTIONSA string value specifies the preferred cacheOptions.
ENABLE_EF_ADVANCED_QUERYIndicates if the driver directly supports advanced queries coming from Entity Framework. If not, queries will be handled client side.YES, NO
PSEUDO_COLUMNSA string array indicating the available pseudo columns.
MERGE_ALWAYSIf the value is true, The Merge Mode is forcibly executed in Data Sync.TRUE, FALSE
REPLICATION_MIN_DATE_QUERYA select query to return the replicate start datetime.
REPLICATION_MIN_FUNCTIONAllows a provider to specify the formula name to use for executing a server side min.
REPLICATION_START_DATEAllows a provider to specify a replicate startdate.
REPLICATION_MAX_DATE_QUERYA select query to return the replicate end datetime.
REPLICATION_MAX_FUNCTIONAllows a provider to specify the formula name to use for executing a server side max.
IGNORE_INTERVALS_ON_INITIAL_REPLICATEA list of tables which will skip dividing the replicate into chunks on the initial replicate.
CHECKCACHE_USE_PARENTIDIndicates whether the CheckCache statement should be done against the parent key column.TRUE, FALSE
CREATE_SCHEMA_PROCEDURESIndicates stored procedures that can be used for generating schema files.

The following query retrieves the operators that can be used in the WHERE clause:

SELECT * FROM sys_sqlinfo WHERE Name = 'SUPPORTED_OPERATORS'
Note that individual tables may have different limitations or requirements on the WHERE clause; refer to the Data Model section for more information.

Columns

Name Type Description
NAME String A component of SQL syntax, or a capability that can be processed on the server.
VALUE String Detail on the supported SQL or SQL syntax.

CData Cloud

sys_identity

Returns information about attempted modifications.

The following query retrieves the Ids of the modified rows in a batch operation:

         SELECT * FROM sys_identity
          

Columns

Name Type Description
Id String The database-generated Id returned from a data modification operation.
Batch String An identifier for the batch. 1 for a single operation.
Operation String The result of the operation in the batch: INSERTED, UPDATED, or DELETED.
Message String SUCCESS or an error message if the update in the batch failed.

CData Cloud

sys_information

Describes the available system information.

The following query retrieves all columns:

SELECT * FROM sys_information

Columns

NameTypeDescription
ProductStringThe name of the product.
VersionStringThe version number of the product.
DatasourceStringThe name of the datasource the product connects to.
NodeIdStringThe unique identifier of the machine where the product is installed.
HelpURLStringThe URL to the product's help documentation.
LicenseStringThe license information for the product. (If this information is not available, the field may be left blank or marked as 'N/A'.)
LocationStringThe file path location where the product's library is stored.
EnvironmentStringThe version of the environment or rumtine the product is currently running under.
DataSyncVersionStringThe tier of CData Sync required to use this connector.
DataSyncCategoryStringThe category of CData Sync functionality (e.g., Source, Destination).

CData Cloud

Stored Procedures

Stored procedures are function-like interfaces that extend the functionality of the Cloud beyond simple SELECT operations with GraphQL.

Stored procedures accept a list of parameters, perform their intended function, and then return any relevant response data from GraphQL, along with an indication of whether the procedure succeeded or failed.

CData Cloud - GraphQL Stored Procedures

Name Description

CData Cloud

SSL Configuration

Customizing the SSL Configuration

To enable TLS, set the following:

  • URL: Prefix the connection string with https://

With this configuration, the Cloud attempts to negotiate TLS with the server. The server certificate is validated against the default system trusted certificate store. You can override how the certificate gets validated using the SSLServerCert connection property.

To specify another certificate, see the SSLServerCert connection property.

Client SSL Certificates

The GraphQL Cloud also supports setting client certificates. Set the following to connect using a client certificate.

  • SSLClientCert: The name of the certificate store for the client certificate.
  • SSLClientCertType: The type of key store containing the TLS/SSL client certificate.
  • SSLClientCertPassword: The password for the TLS/SSL client certificate.
  • SSLClientCertSubject: The subject of the TLS/SSL client certificate.

CData Cloud

Firewall and Proxy

Connecting Through a Firewall or Proxy

HTTP Proxies

To authenticate to an HTTP proxy, set the following:

  • ProxyServer: the hostname or IP address of the proxy server that you want to route HTTP traffic through.
  • ProxyPort: the TCP port that the proxy server is running on.
  • ProxyAuthScheme: the authentication method the Cloud uses when authenticating to the proxy server.
  • ProxyUser: the username of a user account registered with the proxy server.
  • ProxyPassword: the password associated with the ProxyUser.

Other Proxies

Set the following properties:

  • To use a proxy-based firewall, set FirewallType, FirewallServer, and FirewallPort.
  • To tunnel the connection, set FirewallType to TUNNEL.
  • To authenticate, specify FirewallUser and FirewallPassword.
  • To authenticate to a SOCKS proxy, additionally set FirewallType to SOCKS5.

CData Cloud

Connection String Options

The connection string properties are the various options that can be used to establish a connection. This section provides a complete list of the options you can configure in the connection string for this provider. Click the links for further details.

For more information on establishing a connection, see Establishing a Connection.

Authentication


PropertyDescription
AuthSchemeSpecifies the authentication method to use when connecting to remote services.
URLSpecifies the endpoint URL of the GraphQL service.
UserSpecifies the authenticating user's user ID.
PasswordSpecifies the authenticating user's password.

AWS Authentication


PropertyDescription
AWSCognitoRegionThe hosting region for AWS Cognito.
AWSUserPoolIdThe User Pool Id.
AWSUserPoolClientAppIdThe User Pool Client App Id.
AWSUserPoolClientAppSecretOptional. The User Pool Client App Secret.

OAuth


PropertyDescription
OAuthClientIdSpecifies the client ID (also known as the consumer key) assigned to your custom OAuth application. This ID is required to identify the application to the OAuth authorization server during authentication.
OAuthClientSecretSpecifies the client secret assigned to your custom OAuth application. This confidential value is used to authenticate the application to the OAuth authorization server. (Custom OAuth applications only.).
ScopeSpecifies the scope of the authenticating user's access to the application, to ensure they get appropriate access to data. If a custom OAuth application is needed, this is generally specified at the time the application is created.
OAuthAuthorizationURLThe authorization URL for the OAuth service.
OAuthAccessTokenURLThe URL from which the OAuth access token is retrieved.
AuthTokenThe authentication token used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.
AuthKeyThe authentication secret used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.

SSL


PropertyDescription
SSLServerCertSpecifies the certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

Logging


PropertyDescription
VerbositySpecifies the verbosity level of the log file, which controls the amount of detail logged. Supported values range from 1 to 5.

Schema


PropertyDescription
BrowsableSchemasOptional setting that restricts the schemas reported to a subset of all available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC .
ExpandArgumentsDepthSpecifies the depth the provider searches for columns within nested GraphQL arguments of type INPUT_OBJECT. Higher values expand deeper levels of nested fields, while lower values limit the expansion.
ExpandTablesDepthSpecifies how deeply the provider explores nested child tables in the GraphQL schema when building the relational model. This setting only takes effect if the ExposeObjectTables property is set to DEEP.
ExpandTemporaryTablesDepthSpecifies the depth at which the provider includes nested child temporary tables in the schema. This property only takes effect when the ExposeDynamicProcedures property is set to true.
ExpandColumnsDepthSpecifies the depth at which the provider searches for columns within nested GraphQL objects, exposing those fields as columns.
IncludeDeprecatedMetadataSpecifies whether the provider includes deprecated tables and columns in the schema.
ExposeDynamicProceduresSpecifies whether the provider exposes GraphQL mutations as dynamic procedures in the schema.
ExposeObjectTablesSpecifies the scope of GraphQL object type fields that the provider exposes as tables in the schema.
ExposeAbstractTypesSpecifies the scope of GraphQL abstract types (interfaces and unions) that the provider exposes in the schema.

Miscellaneous


PropertyDescription
CustomHeadersSpecifies additional HTTP headers to append to the request headers created from other properties, such as ContentType and From. Use this property to customize requests for specialized or nonstandard APIs.
MaxRowsSpecifies the maximum number of rows returned for queries that do not include either aggregation or GROUP BY.
PagesizeSpecifies the maximum number of results returned per page from GraphQL.
PseudoColumnsSpecifies the pseudocolumns to expose as table columns, expressed as a string in the format 'TableName=ColumnName;TableName=ColumnName'.
TimeoutSpecifies the maximum time, in seconds, that the provider waits for a server response before throwing a timeout error.
CData Cloud

Authentication

This section provides a complete list of the Authentication properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.


PropertyDescription
AuthSchemeSpecifies the authentication method to use when connecting to remote services.
URLSpecifies the endpoint URL of the GraphQL service.
UserSpecifies the authenticating user's user ID.
PasswordSpecifies the authenticating user's password.
CData Cloud

AuthScheme

Specifies the authentication method to use when connecting to remote services.

Possible Values

None, Basic, OAuth, OAuthClient, OAuthPassword, OAuthPKCE

Data Type

string

Default Value

"Basic"

Remarks

This property determines the type of authentication used during connection. The available options depend on the remote service’s requirements and the level of security needed for your application.

  • None: No authentication is used. This option is suitable for services that do not require authentication.
  • Basic: Uses Basic authentication with the User and Password properties to provide credentials.
  • OAuth: Supports both OAuth1 and OAuth2 authentication flows. The OAuthGrantType property specifies the flow, and the OAuthVersion property determines the OAuth version.
  • OAuthClient: Implements OAuth2 with the client credentials grant type. Use the OAuthClientId and OAuthClientSecret properties for credentials, with OAuthVersion set to 2.0.
  • OAuthPassword: Implements OAuth2 with the password grant type. Credentials are provided by the User and Password properties, with OAuthVersion set to 2.0.
  • OAuthPKCE: Implements OAuth2 with the authorization code grant type and the PKCE extension. Requires the OAuthClientId property for the client credential.
  • AwsCognitoSrp: Uses Amazon Cognito Secure Remote Password (SRP) protocol for authentication. This option is recommended instead of AwsCognitoBasic because it avoids sending the password directly to the server.
  • AwsCognitoBasic: Uses Amazon Cognito Basic authentication.

CData Cloud

URL

Specifies the endpoint URL of the GraphQL service.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property defines the URL used to connect to the GraphQL service. The endpoint URL typically follows the format: "https://[domain]/graphql"

This property is essential for establishing the connection and must be correctly configured to enable API communication.

CData Cloud

User

Specifies the authenticating user's user ID.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

The authenticating server requires both User and Password to validate the user's identity.

CData Cloud

Password

Specifies the authenticating user's password.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

The authenticating server requires both User and Password to validate the user's identity.

CData Cloud

AWS Authentication

This section provides a complete list of the AWS Authentication properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.


PropertyDescription
AWSCognitoRegionThe hosting region for AWS Cognito.
AWSUserPoolIdThe User Pool Id.
AWSUserPoolClientAppIdThe User Pool Client App Id.
AWSUserPoolClientAppSecretOptional. The User Pool Client App Secret.
CData Cloud

AWSCognitoRegion

The hosting region for AWS Cognito.

Possible Values

OHIO, NORTHERNVIRGINIA, NORTHERNCALIFORNIA, OREGON, CAPETOWN, HONGKONG, TAIPEI, HYDERABAD, JAKARTA, MALAYSIA, MELBOURNE, MUMBAI, OSAKA, SEOUL, SINGAPORE, SYDNEY, THAILAND, TOKYO, CENTRAL, CALGARY, BEIJING, NINGXIA, FRANKFURT, IRELAND, LONDON, MILAN, PARIS, SPAIN, STOCKHOLM, ZURICH, TELAVIV, MEXICOCENTRAL, BAHRAIN, UAE, SAOPAULO, GOVCLOUDEAST, GOVCLOUDWEST, ISOLATEDUSEAST, ISOLATEDUSEASTB, ISOLATEDUSEASTF, ISOLATEDUSSOUTHF, ISOLATEDUSWEST, ISOLATEDEUWEST

Data Type

string

Default Value

"NORTHERNVIRGINIA"

Remarks

The hosting region for AWS Cognito. Available values are OHIO, NORTHERNVIRGINIA, NORTHERNCALIFORNIA, OREGON, CAPETOWN, HONGKONG, TAIPEI, HYDERABAD, JAKARTA, MALAYSIA, MELBOURNE, MUMBAI, OSAKA, SEOUL, SINGAPORE, SYDNEY, THAILAND, TOKYO, CENTRAL, CALGARY, BEIJING, NINGXIA, FRANKFURT, IRELAND, LONDON, MILAN, PARIS, SPAIN, STOCKHOLM, ZURICH, TELAVIV, MEXICOCENTRAL, BAHRAIN, UAE, SAOPAULO, GOVCLOUDEAST, GOVCLOUDWEST, ISOLATEDUSEAST, ISOLATEDUSEASTB, ISOLATEDUSEASTF, ISOLATEDUSSOUTHF, ISOLATEDUSWEST and ISOLATEDEUWEST.

CData Cloud

AWSUserPoolId

The User Pool Id.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

You can find this in AWS Cognito -> Manage User Pools -> select your user pool -> General settings -> Pool Id.

CData Cloud

AWSUserPoolClientAppId

The User Pool Client App Id.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

You can find this in AWS Cognito -> Manage Identity Pools -> select your user pool -> General settings -> App clients -> App client Id.

CData Cloud

AWSUserPoolClientAppSecret

Optional. The User Pool Client App Secret.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

You can find this in AWS Cognito -> Manage Identity Pools -> select your user pool -> General settings -> App clients -> App client secret.

CData Cloud

OAuth

This section provides a complete list of the OAuth properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.


PropertyDescription
OAuthClientIdSpecifies the client ID (also known as the consumer key) assigned to your custom OAuth application. This ID is required to identify the application to the OAuth authorization server during authentication.
OAuthClientSecretSpecifies the client secret assigned to your custom OAuth application. This confidential value is used to authenticate the application to the OAuth authorization server. (Custom OAuth applications only.).
ScopeSpecifies the scope of the authenticating user's access to the application, to ensure they get appropriate access to data. If a custom OAuth application is needed, this is generally specified at the time the application is created.
OAuthAuthorizationURLThe authorization URL for the OAuth service.
OAuthAccessTokenURLThe URL from which the OAuth access token is retrieved.
AuthTokenThe authentication token used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.
AuthKeyThe authentication secret used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.
CData Cloud

OAuthClientId

Specifies the client ID (also known as the consumer key) assigned to your custom OAuth application. This ID is required to identify the application to the OAuth authorization server during authentication.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property is required in two cases:

  • When using a custom OAuth application, such as in web-based authentication flows, service-based authentication, or certificate-based flows that require application registration.
  • If the driver does not provide embedded OAuth credentials.

(When the driver provides embedded OAuth credentials, this value may already be provided by the Cloud and thus not require manual entry.)

OAuthClientId is generally used alongside other OAuth-related properties such as OAuthClientSecret and OAuthSettingsLocation when configuring an authenticated connection.

OAuthClientId is one of the key connection parameters that need to be set before users can authenticate via OAuth. You can usually find this value in your identity provider’s application registration settings. Look for a field labeled Client ID, Application ID, or Consumer Key.

While the client ID is not considered a confidential value like a client secret, it is still part of your application's identity and should be handled carefully. Avoid exposing it in public repositories or shared configuration files.

For more information on how this property is used when configuring a connection, see Establishing a Connection.

CData Cloud

OAuthClientSecret

Specifies the client secret assigned to your custom OAuth application. This confidential value is used to authenticate the application to the OAuth authorization server. (Custom OAuth applications only.).

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property (sometimes called the application secret or consumer secret) is required when using a custom OAuth application in any flow that requires secure client authentication, such as web-based OAuth, service-based connections, or certificate-based authorization flows. It is not required when using an embedded OAuth application.

The client secret is used during the token exchange step of the OAuth flow, when the driver requests an access token from the authorization server. If this value is missing or incorrect, authentication fails with either an invalid_client or an unauthorized_client error.

OAuthClientSecret is one of the key connection parameters that need to be set before users can authenticate via OAuth. You can obtain this value from your identity provider when registering the OAuth application.

Notes:

  • This value should be stored securely and never exposed in public repositories, scripts, or unsecured environments.
  • Client secrets may also expire after a set period. Be sure to monitor expiration dates and rotate secrets as needed to maintain uninterrupted access.

For more information on how this property is used when configuring a connection, see Establishing a Connection

CData Cloud

Scope

Specifies the scope of the authenticating user's access to the application, to ensure they get appropriate access to data. If a custom OAuth application is needed, this is generally specified at the time the application is created.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Scopes are set to define what kind of access the authenticating user will have; for example, read, read and write, restricted access to sensitive information. System administrators can use scopes to selectively enable access by functionality or security clearance.

When InitiateOAuth is set to GETANDREFRESH, you must use this property if you want to change which scopes are requested.

When InitiateOAuth is set to either REFRESH or OFF, you can change which scopes are requested using either this property or the Scope input.

CData Cloud

OAuthAuthorizationURL

The authorization URL for the OAuth service.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

The authorization URL for the OAuth service. At this URL, the user logs into the server and grants permissions to the application. In OAuth 1.0, if permissions are granted, the request token is authorized.

CData Cloud

OAuthAccessTokenURL

The URL from which the OAuth access token is retrieved.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

In OAuth 1.0, the authorized request token is exchanged for the access token at this URL.

CData Cloud

AuthToken

The authentication token used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property is required only when performing headless authentication in OAuth 1.0. It can be obtained from the GetOAuthAuthorizationUrl stored procedure.

It can be supplied alongside the AuthKey in the GetOAuthAccessToken stored procedure to obtain the OAuthAccessToken.

CData Cloud

AuthKey

The authentication secret used to request and obtain the OAuth Access Token.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property is required only when performing headless authentication in OAuth 1.0. It can be obtained from the GetOAuthAuthorizationUrl stored procedure.

It can be supplied alongside the AuthToken in the GetOAuthAccessToken stored procedure to obtain the OAuthAccessToken.

CData Cloud

SSL

This section provides a complete list of the SSL properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.


PropertyDescription
SSLServerCertSpecifies the certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.
CData Cloud

SSLServerCert

Specifies the certificate to be accepted from the server when connecting using TLS/SSL.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

If you are using a TLS/SSL connection, use this property to specify the TLS/SSL certificate to be accepted from the server. If you specify a value for this property, all other certificates that are not trusted by the machine are rejected.

This property can take the following forms:

Description Example
A full PEM Certificate (example shortened for brevity) -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIChTCCAe4CAQAwDQYJKoZIhv......Qw==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
A path to a local file containing the certificate C:\cert.cer
The public key (example shortened for brevity) -----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSq......AQAB
-----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
The MD5 Thumbprint (hex values can also be either space- or colon-separated) ecadbdda5a1529c58a1e9e09828d70e4
The SHA1 Thumbprint (hex values can also be either space- or colon-separated) 34a929226ae0819f2ec14b4a3d904f801cbb150d

Note: It is possible to use '*' to signify that all certificates should be accepted, but due to security concerns this is not recommended.

CData Cloud

Logging

This section provides a complete list of the Logging properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.


PropertyDescription
VerbositySpecifies the verbosity level of the log file, which controls the amount of detail logged. Supported values range from 1 to 5.
CData Cloud

Verbosity

Specifies the verbosity level of the log file, which controls the amount of detail logged. Supported values range from 1 to 5.

Data Type

string

Default Value

"1"

Remarks

This property defines the level of detail the Cloud includes in the log file. Higher verbosity levels increase the detail of the logged information, but may also result in larger log files and slower performance due to the additional data being captured.

The default verbosity level is 1, which is recommended for regular operation. Higher verbosity levels are primarily intended for debugging purposes. For more information on each level, refer to Logging.

When combined with the LogModules property, Verbosity can refine logging to specific categories of information.

CData Cloud

Schema

This section provides a complete list of the Schema properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.


PropertyDescription
BrowsableSchemasOptional setting that restricts the schemas reported to a subset of all available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC .
ExpandArgumentsDepthSpecifies the depth the provider searches for columns within nested GraphQL arguments of type INPUT_OBJECT. Higher values expand deeper levels of nested fields, while lower values limit the expansion.
ExpandTablesDepthSpecifies how deeply the provider explores nested child tables in the GraphQL schema when building the relational model. This setting only takes effect if the ExposeObjectTables property is set to DEEP.
ExpandTemporaryTablesDepthSpecifies the depth at which the provider includes nested child temporary tables in the schema. This property only takes effect when the ExposeDynamicProcedures property is set to true.
ExpandColumnsDepthSpecifies the depth at which the provider searches for columns within nested GraphQL objects, exposing those fields as columns.
IncludeDeprecatedMetadataSpecifies whether the provider includes deprecated tables and columns in the schema.
ExposeDynamicProceduresSpecifies whether the provider exposes GraphQL mutations as dynamic procedures in the schema.
ExposeObjectTablesSpecifies the scope of GraphQL object type fields that the provider exposes as tables in the schema.
ExposeAbstractTypesSpecifies the scope of GraphQL abstract types (interfaces and unions) that the provider exposes in the schema.
CData Cloud

BrowsableSchemas

Optional setting that restricts the schemas reported to a subset of all available schemas. For example, BrowsableSchemas=SchemaA,SchemaB,SchemaC .

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Listing all available database schemas can take extra time, thus degrading performance. Providing a list of schemas in the connection string saves time and improves performance.

CData Cloud

ExpandArgumentsDepth

Specifies the depth the provider searches for columns within nested GraphQL arguments of type INPUT_OBJECT. Higher values expand deeper levels of nested fields, while lower values limit the expansion.

Data Type

int

Default Value

2

Remarks

The ExpandArgumentsDepth property determines how many levels of nested input objects are traversed and expanded into separate SQL columns by the Cloud. This property directly impacts which fields from your GraphQL input are accessible in SQL queries and can affect both query complexity and performance.

Example Schema

For example, consider the following GraphQL schema:

type Query {
  filteredCompanies(input: FilteredCompaniesInput!): [Company]
}

input FilteredCompaniesInput {
  filters: FiltersInput
}

input FiltersInput {
  type: String
  details: DetailsInput
}

input DetailsInput {
  region: String
  category: String
}

Nesting Levels

In this schema, the nesting levels are as follows:

Level 0: FilteredCompaniesInputContains only the nested filters field. No primitive fields exist at this level to flatten.
Level 1: FiltersInputExposes the type field.
Level 2: DetailsInputExposes the region and category fields.

  • If ExpandArgumentsDepth is set to 1, then only the type field from FiltersInput is exposed as a column.
  • If ExpandArgumentsDepth is set to 2, the Cloud also exposes fields from DetailsInput. In this case, region and category.

Example Query

In the following GraphQL operation, the filters argument is an INPUT_OBJECT:

{
    "variables": {
        "input": {
            "filters": {
                "details": {
                    "category": "RETAILER"
                },
                "type": "SUPPLIER"
            }
        }
    },
    "query": "query($input:FilteredCompaniesInput!) {\r\nfilteredCompanies(input:$input) {\r\nid:id\r\nvalue:value\r\n}\r\n}\r\n"
}

With ExpandArgumentsDepth=2, you can run a SQL query that leverages those expanded fields. For example:

SELECT id, value FROM filteredCompanies WHERE input_filters_type='SUPPLIER' AND input_filters_details_category='RETAILER'

Performance Considerations

Increasing the depth exposes more nested fields but may increase the complexity and processing time for queries against complex schemas. Reducing the depth may improve performance but can limit access to deeply nested fields. Set this property based on your application’s requirements to balance data accessibility and performance.

CData Cloud

ExpandTablesDepth

Specifies how deeply the provider explores nested child tables in the GraphQL schema when building the relational model. This setting only takes effect if the ExposeObjectTables property is set to DEEP.

Data Type

int

Default Value

2

Remarks

The ExpandTablesDepth property determines how many levels of nested objects are converted into separate child tables in the relational model. This property controls the granularity of the resulting schema by defining whether nested objects beyond a certain level are exposed as individual tables or remain part of a parent table.

Example Schema

For example, consider the following GraphQL schema:

type Query {
  companies: [Company]
}

type Company {
  id: ID!
  name: String
  details: [Details]
}

type Details {
  state: String
  addresses: [Address]
}

type Address {
  city: String
  state: String
}

Nesting Levels

In this schema, the nesting levels are as follows:

Level 0: CompanyExposed by the root query.
Level 1: DetailsA list within Company.
Level 2: AddressA list within Details.

  • If ExpandTablesDepth is set to 0, the Cloud exposes a table for companies.
  • If ExpandTablesDepth is set to 1, the Cloud exposes a table for details.
  • If ExpandTablesDepth is set to 2, the Cloud exposes a table for addresses.

Performance Considerations

Set this property to a higher value if your application needs access to deeply nested data. However, be cautious as increasing this value may result in higher processing times and more complex schema representations.

CData Cloud

ExpandTemporaryTablesDepth

Specifies the depth at which the provider includes nested child temporary tables in the schema. This property only takes effect when the ExposeDynamicProcedures property is set to true.

Data Type

int

Default Value

5

Remarks

The ExpandTemporaryTablesDepth property controls how many levels of nested input objects in GraphQL mutations are converted into separate temporary tables in the relational model. This ensures that the hierarchical structure of your mutation input is preserved when dynamic procedures are exposed.

Example Schema

For example, consider the following GraphQL schema:

type Mutation {
  createOrder(input: CreateOrderInput!): CreateOrderPayload
}

input CreateOrderInput {
  userId: ID!
  orderItems: [OrderItemInput!]!
}

input OrderItemInput {
  productId: ID!
  quantity: Int!
  shippingAddress: [ShippingAddressInput!]
}

input ShippingAddressInput {
  street: String!
  city: String!
}

type CreateOrderPayload {
  order: Order
}

type Order {
  id: ID!
  orderItems: [OrderItem!]!
}

type OrderItem {
  id: ID!
  shippingAddress: ShippingAddress
}

type ShippingAddress {
  street: String!
  city: String!
}

Nesting Levels

In this schema, the nesting levels are as follows:

Level 0: createOrderContains the top-level mutation input.
Level 1: CreateOrderInputContains userId and orderItems fields.
Level 2: OrderItemInputRepresents each order item, with fields such as productId and quantity, plus a nested shippingAddress.
Level 3: ShippingAddressInputContains address details like street and city.

  • If ExpandTemporaryTablesDepth is set to 1, the Cloud creates a child temporary table for orderItems only, without further expanding the shippingAddress field.
  • If ExpandTemporaryTablesDepth is set to 2 or higher, the Cloud also creates a separate child temporary table for shippingAddress, mapping its nested fields such as street and city to individual columns.

This property controls how many levels of nested child temporary tables the Cloud includes in the relational schema when dynamic procedures are exposed. It is most relevant to GraphQL mutations that include nested input objects.

Example Mutation

Consider the following GraphQL mutation:

mutation {
  createOrder(input: {
    userId: 123,
    orderItems: [
      {
        productId: 456,
        quantity: 2,
        shippingAddress: {
          street: "123 Main St",
          city: "Seattle"
        }
      }
    ]
  }) {
    order {
      id,
      orderItems {
        id,
        shippingAddress {
          street,
          city
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

With ExpandTemporaryTablesDepth set appropriately, the Cloud examines each level of nested input objects in your mutation and creates a temporary table for any field that returns a list at that level. This means that the hierarchical structure of your mutation input is preserved in the relational model and each nested object up to the specified depth is mapped to its own table. For instance, if your mutation input includes a top-level object with a nested array of order items and each order item contains a nested shipping address, setting the property to 2 ensures that there is a temporary table for the order items as well as for the shipping addresses.

Performance Considerations

Increasing the depth enables access to more deeply nested mutation inputs but can result in a more complex schema and higher processing overhead. A lower depth simplifies the schema and improves performance but may limit access to deeply nested data. Adjust this property based on your application's requirements.

CData Cloud

ExpandColumnsDepth

Specifies the depth at which the provider searches for columns within nested GraphQL objects, exposing those fields as columns.

Data Type

int

Default Value

2

Remarks

The ExpandColumnsDepth property controls how many levels of nested objects in your GraphQL schema are traversed and converted into individual SQL columns. This property directly affects the granularity of your relational schema, determining how much of the nested structure is flattened into separate columns.

Example Schema

For example, consider the following GraphQL schema:

type Query {
  company: Company
}

type Company {
  id: ID!
  details: Details
}

type Details {
  address: Address
  phoneNumber: String
}

type Address {
  city: String
  state: String
}

Nesting Levels

In this schema, the nesting levels are as follows:

Level 0: CompanyExposed by the root query.
Level 1: DetailsAn object within Company.
Level 2: AddressNested within Details.

  • If ExpandColumnsDepth is set to 0, the Cloud exposes the id field.
  • If ExpandColumnsDepth is set to 1, the Cloud exposes the phoneNumber field.
  • If ExpandColumnsDepth is set to 2 or higher, the Cloud also exposes the city and state fields.

For instance, a SQL query at depth 3 might look like:

SELECT id, details_address_city, details_address_state FROM company

Note: If a nested field returns a single object, that object is traversed and its fields surfaced as columns if the depth allows. If a nested field returns a list of objects, the Cloud aggregates the data into a JSON array.

Performance Considerations

Increasing the depth enables access to deeply nested fields, but may result in a more complex schema and increased processing time. A lower depth simplifies the schema and improves performance, but limits access to deeply nested data.

CData Cloud

IncludeDeprecatedMetadata

Specifies whether the provider includes deprecated tables and columns in the schema.

Data Type

bool

Default Value

false

Remarks

This property determines if the provider should expose metadata elements, such as tables and columns, that have been marked as deprecated in the GraphQL schema. Deprecation typically indicates that the element is outdated or scheduled for removal in future API versions.

  • Setting this property to true includes deprecated elements in the schema. This can be useful for maintaining compatibility with legacy queries or workflows.
  • Setting this property to false excludes deprecated elements, ensuring that only current and supported metadata is exposed.

This property is useful for managing compatibility with evolving APIs and ensuring that deprecated elements are visible when necessary.

CData Cloud

ExposeDynamicProcedures

Specifies whether the provider exposes GraphQL mutations as dynamic procedures in the schema.

Data Type

bool

Default Value

true

Remarks

The ExposeDynamicProcedures property determines if GraphQL mutations are represented as dynamic procedures in the schema.

Example Schema

For example, consider the following GraphQL schema:

type Mutation {
  createUser(input: CreateUserInput!): User
}

input CreateUserInput {
  name: String!
  email: String!
}

type User {
  id: ID!
  name: String!
  email: String!
}

When this property is set to true, mutations are exposed as dynamic procedures, allowing them to be invoked like standard callable operations. For example, a mutation such as the following would be exposed as a dynamic procedure:

mutation {
  createUser(input: { name: ""John"", email: ""[email protected]"" }) {
    id
    name
  }
}

This enables you to easily call the mutation by passing parameters in a structured format, simplifying integration with GraphQL APIs.

When set to false, mutations are not exposed as dynamic procedures. This can simplify the schema structure by excluding mutation-based operations, which might be useful in scenarios where you only need read access to data or want a simpler schema for certain tools.

Enabling this property is useful in scenarios requiring robust interaction with GraphQL APIs, where you need to perform complex operations like resource creation, or deletions.

CData Cloud

ExposeObjectTables

Specifies the scope of GraphQL object type fields that the provider exposes as tables in the schema.

Possible Values

NONE, SHALLOW, DEEP

Data Type

string

Default Value

"SHALLOW"

Remarks

This property determines the extent to which GraphQL object type fields are exposed as tables in the schema. It applies only to object fields that meet the following conditions:

  1. At a given nesting level, if the schema defines both a single-field object and a field that returns a list or a connection of the same type, the Cloud exposes the list or connection as a table. This is because the list or connection represents the complete collection, whereas the single-field object typically represents a filtered subset requiring additional parameters, such as an ID, for retrieval.
  2. The object field is either directly part of the root Query type or includes required arguments.

This property offers three modes of exposure:

  • NONE: No GraphQL object type fields are exposed as tables.
  • SHALLOW: Only objects directly under the root Query type are exposed as tables.
  • DEEP: All objects meeting the conditions, up to the limit defined by the ExpandTablesDepth property, are exposed as tables.

The default setting, SHALLOW, simplifies schema representation by exposing only top-level query objects as tables. Use DEEP to include more deeply nested objects for advanced use cases.

CData Cloud

ExposeAbstractTypes

Specifies the scope of GraphQL abstract types (interfaces and unions) that the provider exposes in the schema.

Possible Values

NONE, INTERFACE, UNION, ALL

Data Type

string

Default Value

"NONE"

Remarks

This property determines the extent to which GraphQL abstract types (interfaces and unions) are exposed in the schema. This property offers four modes of exposure:

  • NONE: No GraphQL abstract types are exposed in the schema. This provides a simpler schema representation by default.
  • INTERFACE: Only GraphQL interface types are exposed in the schema. Concrete types implementing these interfaces become accessible.
  • UNION: Only GraphQL union types are exposed in the schema. Member types of these unions become accessible.
  • ALL: Both GraphQL interface and union types are exposed in the schema. Concrete types implementing interfaces or belonging to unions become accessible.

CData Cloud

Miscellaneous

This section provides a complete list of the Miscellaneous properties you can configure in the connection string for this provider.


PropertyDescription
CustomHeadersSpecifies additional HTTP headers to append to the request headers created from other properties, such as ContentType and From. Use this property to customize requests for specialized or nonstandard APIs.
MaxRowsSpecifies the maximum number of rows returned for queries that do not include either aggregation or GROUP BY.
PagesizeSpecifies the maximum number of results returned per page from GraphQL.
PseudoColumnsSpecifies the pseudocolumns to expose as table columns, expressed as a string in the format 'TableName=ColumnName;TableName=ColumnName'.
TimeoutSpecifies the maximum time, in seconds, that the provider waits for a server response before throwing a timeout error.
CData Cloud

CustomHeaders

Specifies additional HTTP headers to append to the request headers created from other properties, such as ContentType and From. Use this property to customize requests for specialized or nonstandard APIs.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

Use this property to add custom headers to HTTP requests sent by the Cloud.

This property is useful when fine-tuning requests to interact with APIs that require additional or nonstandard headers. Headers must follow the format "header: value" as described in the HTTP specifications and each header line must be separated by the carriage return and line feed (CRLF) characters. Important: Use caution when setting this property. Supplying invalid headers may cause HTTP requests to fail.

CData Cloud

MaxRows

Specifies the maximum number of rows returned for queries that do not include either aggregation or GROUP BY.

Data Type

int

Default Value

-1

Remarks

The default value for this property, -1, means that no row limit is enforced unless the query explicitly includes a LIMIT clause. (When a query includes a LIMIT clause, the value specified in the query takes precedence over the MaxRows setting.)

Setting MaxRows to a whole number greater than 0 ensures that queries do not return excessively large result sets by default.

This property is useful for optimizing performance and preventing excessive resource consumption when executing queries that could otherwise return very large datasets.

CData Cloud

Pagesize

Specifies the maximum number of results returned per page from GraphQL.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property controls the maximum number of results the Cloud retrieves per page when querying the GraphQL service. Adjusting the page size can impact performance and resource usage:

  • Larger page sizes reduce the number of requests made to the server, which can improve performance. However, larger page sizes require more memory to store the results of each page, potentially increasing memory consumption.
  • Smaller page sizes consume less memory but may increase the number of requests required to retrieve all results, which can lead to slower performance.

You can provide a single page size or a comma-separated list for multiple pagination levels. In the latter case, the Cloud applies different page sizes at each nested level in the GraphQL data.

The effective page size directly influences the query cost in GraphQL. If the query cost exceeds server-imposed limits, the request may fail. Adjust this property cautiously to balance performance and resource utilization. This property is useful for optimizing data retrieval strategies, particularly for applications requiring large datasets or constrained by server-side limitations.

CData Cloud

PseudoColumns

Specifies the pseudocolumns to expose as table columns, expressed as a string in the format 'TableName=ColumnName;TableName=ColumnName'.

Data Type

string

Default Value

""

Remarks

This property allows you to define which pseudocolumns the Cloud exposes as table columns.

To specify individual pseudocolumns, use the following format:

Table1=Column1;Table1=Column2;Table2=Column3

To include all pseudocolumns for all tables use:

*=*

CData Cloud

Timeout

Specifies the maximum time, in seconds, that the provider waits for a server response before throwing a timeout error.

Data Type

int

Default Value

60

Remarks

The timeout applies to each individual communication with the server rather than the entire query or operation. For example, a query could continue running beyond 60 seconds if each paging call completes within the timeout limit.

Timeout is set to 60 seconds by default. To disable timeouts, set this property to 0.

Disabling the timeout allows operations to run indefinitely until they succeed or fail due to other conditions such as server-side timeouts, network interruptions, or resource limits on the server.

Note: Use this property cautiously to avoid long-running operations that could degrade performance or result in unresponsive behavior.

CData Cloud

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LZMA2 from XZ SDK

Version 1.9 and older are in the public domain.

Xamarin.Forms

Xamarin SDK

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