SELECT Statements

A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

SELECT
INTO
FROM
JOIN
WHERE
GROUP BY
HAVING
UNION
ORDER BY
LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the adapter:

SELECT {
  [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
  { 
    * 
    | { 
        <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] 
        | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* 
      } [ , ... ] 
  }
  { 
    FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  } [ , ... ]
  [ 
    JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  ] [ ... ] 
  [ WHERE <search_condition> ]
  [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
  [ HAVING <search_condition> ]
  [ UNION  [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
  [ 
    ORDER BY 
    <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
  ]
  [
    LIMIT <expression>
    [ 
      { OFFSET | , }
      <expression> 
    ]
  ] 
}

  <expression> ::=
    | <column_reference>
    | @ <parameter> 
    | ?
    | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
    | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> ) 
    | NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> ) 
    | COALESCE ( <expression> , ... ) 
    | CASE <expression>
        WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
    [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
      END 
    | <literal>
    | <sql_function> 

  <search_condition> ::= 
    {
      <expression> { = | AND | <> | LIKE | NOT | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | IN | NOT IN | OR | < | > | <= | >= } [ <expression> ]
    } [ { AND | OR } ... ]

Examples

Return all columns:
```
SELECT * FROM Invoices
```

Rename a column:

SELECT "InvoiceId" AS MY_InvoiceId FROM Invoices

Cast a column's data as a different data type:

SELECT CAST(AnnualRevenue AS VARCHAR) AS Str_AnnualRevenue FROM Invoices

Search data:

SELECT * FROM Invoices WHERE Supplier = 'Bob'

The APIs support the following operators in the WHERE clause: =, AND, <>, LIKE, NOT, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL, IN, NOT IN, OR, <, >, <=, >=.
```
SELECT * FROM Invoices WHERE Supplier = 'Bob';
```
Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
```
SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM Invoices 
```
Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
```
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT InvoiceId) FROM Invoices 
```
Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
```
SELECT DISTINCT InvoiceId FROM Invoices 
```

Sort a result set in ascending order:

SELECT InvoiceId, InvoiceId FROM Invoices  ORDER BY InvoiceId ASC

Aggregate Functions

For SELECT examples using aggregate functions, see Aggregate Functions.

JOIN Queries

See JOIN Queries for SELECT query examples using JOINs.

Date Literal Functions

Date Literal Functions contains SELECT examples with date literal functions.

Window Functions

See Window Functions for SELECT examples containing window functions.

Table-Valued Functions

See Table-Valued Functions for SELECT examples with table-valued functions.

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