A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

• SELECT
• INTO
• FROM
• JOIN
• WHERE
• GROUP BY
• HAVING
• UNION
• ORDER BY
• LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the driver:

SELECT {
  [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
  { 
    * 
    | { 
        <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] 
        | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* 
      } [ , ... ] 
  }
  [ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]
  { 
    FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  } [ , ... ]
  [ [  
      INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] } 
    ] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  ] [ ... ] 
  [ WHERE <search_condition> ]
  [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
  [ HAVING <search_condition> ]
  [ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
  [ 
    ORDER BY 
    <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
  ]
  [ 
    LIMIT <expression>
    [ 
      { OFFSET | , }
      <expression> 
    ]
  ] 
}

<expression> ::=
  | <column_reference>
  | @ <parameter> 
  | ?
  | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
  | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> ) 
  | NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> ) 
  | COALESCE ( <expression> , ... ) 
  | CASE <expression>
      WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
    [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
    END 
  | <literal>
  | <sql_function> 

<search_condition> ::= 
  {
    <expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ]
  } [ { AND | OR } ... ] 

Examples

1. Return all columns:
   

   SELECT * FROM Company

2. Rename a column:
   

   SELECT [Address] AS MY_Address FROM Company

3. Cast a column's data as a different data type:
   

   SELECT CAST(STCrAdjPercent AS VARCHAR) AS Str_STCrAdjPercent FROM Company

4. Search data:
   

   SELECT * FROM Company WHERE CompanyNumber = '1000'

5. Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM Company 

6. Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Address) FROM Company 

7. Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT DISTINCT Address FROM Company 

8. Summarize data:
   

   SELECT Address, MAX(STCrAdjPercent) FROM Company GROUP BY Address

   See Aggregate Functions for details.
9. Retrieve data from multiple tables.
   

   SELECT c.Name, e.MailingName, e.Address, e.EMailID FROM Company c INNER JOIN Employees e ON c.Guid = e.Guid

   See JOIN Queries for details.
10. Sort a result set in ascending order:
    

    SELECT Name, Address FROM Company  ORDER BY Address ASC

11. Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:
    

    SELECT Name, Address FROM Company LIMIT 10 

12. Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.
    

    SELECT * FROM Company WHERE CompanyNumber = @param

See Explicitly Caching Data for information on using the SELECT statement in offline mode.

Pseudo Columns

Some input-only fields are available in SELECT statements. These fields, called pseudo columns, do not appear as regular columns in the results, yet may be specified as part of the WHERE clause. You can use pseudo columns to access additional features from Tally.

    SELECT * FROM Company WHERE Query = '@Pseudo'