Other SQL Clauses
SQLAlchemy ORM also exposes support for other clauses in SQL, such as ORDER BY, GROUP BY, LIMIT, and OFFSET. All of these are supported by this connector:
ORDER BY
The following example sorts by a specified column using the session object's query() method:rs = session.query("defaultdb"."public".Orders).order_by("defaultdb"."public".Orders.Freight) for instance in rs: print("Id: ", instance.Id) print("ShipName: ", instance.ShipName) print("ShipCity: ", instance.ShipCity) print("---------")
You can also use the session object's execute() method perform an ORDER BY. For example:
rs = session.execute("defaultdb"."public".Orders_table.select().order_by("defaultdb"."public".Orders_table.c.Freight)) for instance in rs:
GROUP BY
The following example uses the session object's query() method to group records with a specified column:rs = session.query(func.count("defaultdb"."public".Orders.Id).label("CustomCount"), "defaultdb"."public".Orders.ShipName).group_by("defaultdb"."public".Orders.ShipName) for instance in rs: print("Count: ", instance.CustomCount) print("ShipName: ", instance.ShipName) print("---------")
You can also use the session object's execute() method to perform a GROUP BY:
rs = session.execute("defaultdb"."public".Orders_table.select().with_only_columns([func.count("defaultdb"."public".Orders_table.c.Id).label("CustomCount"), "defaultdb"."public".Orders_table.c.ShipName]).group_by("defaultdb"."public".Orders_table.c.ShipName)) for instance in rs:
LIMIT and OFFSET
The following example uses the session object's query() method to skip the first 100 records and fetch the following 25:rs = session.query("defaultdb"."public".Orders).limit(25).offset(100) for instance in rs: print("Id: ", instance.Id) print("ShipName: ", instance.ShipName) print("ShipCity: ", instance.ShipCity) print("---------")
You can also use the session object's execute() method to set a LIMIT or OFFSET:
rs = session.execute("defaultdb"."public".Orders_table.select().limit(25).offset(100)) for instance in rs: