MATH Functions
ABS ( numeric_expression )
Returns the absolute (positive) value of the specified numeric expression.
- numeric_expression: The expression of an indeterminate numeric data type except for the bit data type.
SELECT ABS(15);
-- Result: 15
SELECT ABS(-15);
-- Result: 15
ACOS ( float_expression )
Returns the arc cosine, the angle in radians whose cosine is the specified float expression.
- float_expression: The float expression that specifies the cosine of the angle to be returned. Values outside the range from -1 to 1 return null.
SELECT ACOS(0.5);
-- Result: 1.0471975511966
ASIN ( float_expression )
Returns the arc sine, the angle in radians whose sine is the specified float expression.
- float_expression: The float expression that specifies the sine of the angle to be returned. Values outside the range from -1 to 1 return null.
SELECT ASIN(0.5);
-- Result: 0.523598775598299
ATAN ( float_expression )
Returns the arc tangent, the angle in radians whose tangent is the specified float expression.
- float_expression: The float expression that specifies the tangent of the angle to be returned.
SELECT ATAN(10);
-- Result: 1.47112767430373
ATN2 ( float_expression1 , float_expression2 )
Returns the angle in radians between the positive x-axis and the ray from the origin to the point (y, x) where x and y are the values of the two specified float expressions.
- float_expression1: The float expression that is the y-coordinate.
- float_expression2: The float expression that is the x-coordinate.
SELECT ATN2(1, 1);
-- Result: 0.785398163397448
CEILING ( numeric_expression ) or CEIL( numeric_expression )
Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to the specified numeric expression.
- numeric_expression: The expression of an indeterminate numeric data type except for the bit data type.
SELECT CEILING(1.3);
-- Result: 2
SELECT CEILING(1.5);
-- Result: 2
SELECT CEILING(1.7);
-- Result: 2
COS ( float_expression )
Returns the trigonometric cosine of the specified angle in radians in the specified expression.
- float_expression: The float expression of the specified angle in radians.
SELECT COS(1);
-- Result: 0.54030230586814
COT ( float_expression )
Returns the trigonometric cotangent of the angle in radians specified by float_expression.
- float_expression: The float expression of the angle in radians.
SELECT COT(1);
-- Result: 0.642092615934331
DEGREES ( numeric_expression )
Returns the angle in degrees for the angle specified in radians.
- numeric_expression: The angle in radians, an expression of an indeterminate numeric data type except for the bit data type.
SELECT DEGREES(3.1415926);
-- Result: 179.999996929531
EXP ( float_expression )
Returns the exponential value of the specified float expression. For example, EXP(LOG(20)) is 20.
- float_expression: The float expression.
SELECT EXP(2);
-- Result: 7.38905609893065
EXPR ( expression )
Evaluates the expression.
- expression: The expression. Operators allowed are +, -, *, /, ==, !=, >, <, >=, and <=.
SELECT EXPR('1 + 2 * 3');
-- Result: 7
SELECT EXPR('1 + 2 * 3 == 7');
-- Result: true
FLOOR ( numeric_expression )
Returns the largest integer less than or equal to the numeric expression.
- numeric_expression: The expression of an indeterminate numeric data type except for the bit data type.
SELECT FLOOR(1.3);
-- Result: 1
SELECT FLOOR(1.5);
-- Result: 1
SELECT FLOOR(1.7);
-- Result: 1
GREATEST(int1,int2,....)
Returns the greatest of the supplied integers.
SELECT GREATEST(3,5,8,10,1) -- Result: 10
HEX(value)
Returns a the equivalent hex for the input value.
- value: A string or numerical value to be converted into hex.
SELECT HEX(866849198);
-- Result: 33AB11AE
SELECT HEX('Sample Text');
-- Result: 53616D706C652054657874
LEAST(int1,int2,....)
Returns the least of the supplied integers.
SELECT LEAST(3,5,8,10,1) -- Result: 1
LOG ( float_expression [, base ] )
Returns the natural logarithm of the specified float expression.
- float_expression: The float expression.
- base: The optional integer argument that sets the base for the logarithm.
SELECT LOG(7.3890560);
-- Result: 1.99999998661119
LOG10 ( float_expression )
Returns the base-10 logarithm of the specified float expression.
- float_expression: The expression of type float.
SELECT LOG10(10000);
-- Result: 4
MOD(dividend,divisor)
Returns the integer value associated with the remainder when dividing the dividend by the divisor.
- dividend: The number to take the modulus of.
- divisor: The number to divide the dividend by when determining the modulus.
SELECT MOD(10,3); -- Result: 1
NEGATE(real_number)
Returns the opposite to the real number input.
- real_number: The real number to find the opposite of.
SELECT NEGATE(10); -- Result: -10 SELECT NEGATE(-12.4) --Result: 12.4
PI ( )
Returns the constant value of pi.
SELECT PI()
-- Result: 3.14159265358979
POWER ( float_expression , y )
Returns the value of the specified expression raised to the specified power.
- float_expression: The float expression.
- y: The power to raise float_expression to.
SELECT POWER(2, 10);
-- Result: 1024
SELECT POWER(2, -2);
-- Result: 0.25
RADIANS ( float_expression )
Returns the angle in radians of the angle in degrees.
- float_expression: The degrees of the angle as a float expression.
SELECT RADIANS(180);
-- Result: 3.14159265358979
RAND ( [ integer_seed ] )
Returns a pseudorandom float value from 0 through 1, exclusive.
- seed: The optional integer expression that specifies the seed value. If seed is not specified, a seed value at random will be assigned.
SELECT RAND();
-- This result may be different, since the seed is randomized
-- Result: 0.873159630165044
SELECT RAND(1);
-- This result will always be the same, since the seed is constant
-- Result: 0.248668584157093
ROUND ( numeric_expression [ ,integer_length] [ ,function ] )
Returns the numeric value rounded to the specified length or precision.
- numeric_expression: The expression of a numeric data type.
- length: The optional precision to round the numeric expression to. When this is ommitted, the default behavior will be to round to the nearest whole number.
- function: The optional type of operation to perform. When the function parameter is omitted or has a value of 0 (default), numeric_expression is rounded. When a value other than 0 is specified, numeric_expression is truncated.
SELECT ROUND(1.3, 0);
-- Result: 1
SELECT ROUND(1.55, 1);
-- Result: 1.6
SELECT ROUND(1.7, 0, 0);
-- Result: 2
SELECT ROUND(1.7, 0, 1);
-- Result: 1
SELECT ROUND (1.24);
-- Result: 1.0
SIGN ( numeric_expression )
Returns the positive sign (1), 0, or negative sign (-1) of the specified expression.
- numeric_expression: The expression of an indeterminate data type except for the bit data type.
SELECT SIGN(0);
-- Result: 0
SELECT SIGN(10);
-- Result: 1
SELECT SIGN(-10);
-- Result: -1
SIN ( float_expression )
Returns the trigonometric sine of the angle in radians.
- float_expression: The float expression specifying the angle in radians.
SELECT SIN(1);
-- Result: 0.841470984807897
SQRT ( float_expression )
Returns the square root of the specified float value.
- float_expression: The expression of type float.
SELECT SQRT(100);
-- Result: 10
SQUARE ( float_expression )
Returns the square of the specified float value.
- float_expression: The expression of type float.
SELECT SQUARE(10);
-- Result: 100
SELECT SQUARE(-10);
-- Result: 100
TAN ( float_expression )
Returns the tangent of the input expression.
- float_expression: The expression of type float.
SELECT TAN(1);
-- Result: 1.5574077246549
TRUNC(decimal_number,precision)
Returns the supplied decimal number truncated to have the supplied decimal precision.
- decimal_number: The decimal value to truncate.
- precision: The number of decimal places to truncate the decimal number to.
SELECT TRUNC(10.3423,2); -- Result: 10.34