Google BigQuery API Syntax

The Google BigQuery API offers additional SQL operators and functions. A complete list of the available syntax is located at: https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/query-reference

A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

• SELECT
• INTO
• FROM
• JOIN
• WHERE
• GROUP BY
• HAVING
• UNION
• ORDER BY
• LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the Google BigQuery adapter:

SELECT {
  [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
  { 
    * 
    | { 
        <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] 
        | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* 
      } [ , ... ] 
  }
  [ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]
  { 
    FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  } [ , ... ]
  [ [ 
      INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL  } [ OUTER ] }  
    ] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  ] [ ... ] 
  [ WHERE <search_condition> ]
  [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
  [ HAVING <search_condition> ]
  [ UNION  [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
  [ 
    ORDER BY 
    <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
  ]
  [
    LIMIT <expression>
    [ 
      { OFFSET | , }
      <expression> 
    ]
  ] 
} | SCOPE_IDENTITY() 

  <expression> ::=
    | <column_reference>
    | @ <parameter> 
    | ?
    | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
    | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> ) 
    | NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> ) 
    | COALESCE ( <expression> , ... ) 
    | CASE <expression>
        WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
    [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
      END 
    | <literal>
    | <sql_function> 

  <search_condition> ::= 
    {
      <expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | + | - | * | / | % | || } [ <expression> ]
    } [ { AND | OR } ... ]

Examples

1. Return all columns:
   

   SELECT * FROM [publicdata].[samples].github_nested

2. Rename a column:
   

   SELECT "repository.name" AS MY_repository.name FROM [publicdata].[samples].github_nested

3. Cast a column's data as a different data type:
   

   SELECT CAST(repository.watchers AS VARCHAR) AS Str_repository.watchers FROM [publicdata].[samples].github_nested

4. Search data:
   

   SELECT * FROM [publicdata].[samples].github_nested WHERE repository.name = 'EntityFramework'

5. The Google BigQuery APIs support the following operators in the WHERE clause: =, >, <, >=, <=, <>, !=, LIKE, NOT LIKE, IN, NOT IN, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL, AND, OR, +, -, *, /, %, ||.
   

   SELECT * FROM [publicdata].[samples].github_nested WHERE repository.name = 'EntityFramework';

6. Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM [publicdata].[samples].github_nested 

7. Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT repository.name) FROM [publicdata].[samples].github_nested 

8. Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT DISTINCT repository.name FROM [publicdata].[samples].github_nested 

9. Sort a result set in ascending order:
   

   SELECT actor.attributes.email, repository.name FROM [publicdata].[samples].github_nested  ORDER BY repository.name ASC

Aggregate Functions

For SELECT examples using aggregate functions, see Aggregate Functions.

JOIN Queries

See JOIN Queries for SELECT query examples using JOINs.

Projection Functions

See Projection Functions for SELECT examples with projection functions.

Predicate Functions

For SELECT examples using predicate functions, see Predicate Functions.