Azure Service Principal

Azure Service Principal is role-based application-based authentication. This means that authentication is done per application, rather than per user. All tasks taken by the app are done without a default user context, but based on the assigned roles. The application access to the resources is controlled through the assigned roles' permissions.

To use Azure Service Principal authentication, you must:

• Set up the ability to assign a role to the authentication application. To do this, create a custom OAuth AD application, as described in Creating a Custom OAuth Application.
• Register an application with an Azure AD tenant, to create a new service principal that can be used with the role-based access control, to access resources in your subscription.

Do the following:

1. Create a custom Azure AD application, as described in Creating a Custom OAuth Application.
2. Assign a role to the application:
   1. Use the search bar to search for the Subscriptions service.
   2. Open the Subscriptions page.
   3. Select the subscription to which to assign the application.
   4. Open the Access control (IAM).
   5. Select Add > Add role assignment. Microsoft Office 365 opens the Add role assignment page.
   6. Assign your custom Azure AD application the role of Owner.

Admin Consent

Admin consent occurs when the Admin for an Azure Active Directory tenant grants permissions to a custom application that explicitly requires an admin to consent to the use case.

When creating a new Azure AD application in the Azure Portal, you must specify which permissions the application requires. Some permissions may be marked as "Admin Consent Required". For example, all Groups permissions require Admin Consent. If your application requires admin consent, there are two ways you can do this.

The easiest way to grant admin consent is to have an admin log into portal.azure.com and navigate to the application you have created in App Registrations. Under API Permissions, click Grant Consent. This gives your application permissions on the tenant under which it was created.

If your organization has multiple tenants or you must grant application permissions for other tenants outside your organization, use the GetAdminConsentURL stored procedure to generate the Admin Authorization URL. Unlike the GetOAuthAuthorizationURL stored procedure, no important information is returned from this endpoint. Rather, after the OAuth application is successfully authorized, it returns a Boolean indicating that permissions have been granted.

After the administrator has approved the OAuth Application, you can continue to authenticate.

Client Credentials

Client credentials refers to a flow in OAuth where there is no direct user authentication taking place. Instead, credentials are created for just the application itself. All tasks taken by the application are done without a default user context. This makes the authentication flow a bit different from the standard flow.

All permissions related to the client OAuth flow require admin consent. This means you cannot use the application embedded with the CData Excel Add-In for Microsoft Office 365 in the client OAuth flow. You must create your own OAuth application to use client credentials. See Creating a Custom OAuth Application for more information.

In your App Registration in portal.azure.com, navigate to API Permissions and select the Microsoft Graph permissions. There are two distinct sets of permissions: Delegated permissions and Application permissions. The permissions used during client credential authentication are under "Application Permissions".

Select the permissions you require for your integration. After you do this, set the following connection properties:

• AuthScheme: AzureServicePrincipal.
• InitiateOAuth: GETANDREFRESH. You can use InitiateOAuth to avoid repeating the OAuth exchange and manually setting the OAuthAccessToken.
• AzureTenant: The tenant you wish to connect to.
• OAuthGrantType: CLIENT.
• OAuthClientId: The client Id in your application settings.
• OAuthClientSecret: The client secret in your application settings.

Authentication with client credentials takes place automatically like any other connection, except there is no window opened prompting the user. Because there is no user context, there is no need for a browser popup. Connections will take place and be handled internally.