A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

• SELECT
• INTO
• FROM
• JOIN
• WHERE
• GROUP BY
• HAVING
• UNION
• ORDER BY
• LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the driver:

SELECT {
  [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
  { 
    * 
    | { 
        <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] 
        | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* 
      } [ , ... ] 
  }
  [ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]
  { 
    FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  } [ , ... ]
  [ [  
      INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] } 
    ] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  ] [ ... ] 
  [ WHERE <search_condition> ]
  [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
  [ HAVING <search_condition> ]
  [ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
  [ 
    ORDER BY 
    <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
  ]
  [ 
    LIMIT <expression>
    [ 
      { OFFSET | , }
      <expression> 
    ]
  ] 
}

<expression> ::=
  | <column_reference>
  | @ <parameter> 
  | ?
  | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
  | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> ) 
  | NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> ) 
  | COALESCE ( <expression> , ... ) 
  | CASE <expression>
      WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
    [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
    END 
  | <literal>
  | <sql_function> 

<search_condition> ::= 
  {
    <expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ]
  } [ { AND | OR } ... ] 

Examples

1. Return all columns:
   

   SELECT * FROM "tenten"."public".solar

2. Rename a column:
   

   SELECT [radius] AS MY_radius FROM "tenten"."public".solar

3. Cast a column's data as a different data type:
   

   SELECT CAST(AnnualRevenue AS VARCHAR) AS Str_AnnualRevenue FROM "tenten"."public".solar

4. Search data:
   

   SELECT * FROM "tenten"."public".solar WHERE orbits = 'sun'

5. The 1010Data APIs support the following operators in the WHERE clause: =, !=, <>, >=, <=, >, <, LIKE, NOT LIKE, IS NULL, IS NOT NULL, AND, OR, NOT, IN.
   

   SELECT * FROM "tenten"."public".solar WHERE orbits = 'sun';

6. Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM "tenten"."public".solar 

7. Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT DISTINCT radius FROM "tenten"."public".solar 

8. Summarize data:
   

   SELECT radius, MAX(AnnualRevenue) FROM "tenten"."public".solar  GROUP BY radius

   See Aggregate Functions for details.
9. Retrieve data from multiple tables.
   

   SELECT A.name, A.type, B.name, B.type FROM solar AS A INNER JOIN solar AS B ON A.name = B.orbits

   See JOIN Queries for details.
10. Sort a result set in ascending order:
    

    SELECT name, radius FROM "tenten"."public".solar  ORDER BY radius ASC

11. Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:
    

    SELECT name, radius FROM "tenten"."public".solar LIMIT 10 

12. Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.
    

    SELECT * FROM "tenten"."public".solar WHERE orbits = @param

See Explicitly Caching Data for information on using the SELECT statement in offline mode.

Pseudo Columns

Some input-only fields are available in SELECT statements. These fields, called pseudo columns, do not appear as regular columns in the results, yet may be specified as part of the WHERE clause. You can use pseudo columns to access additional features from 1010Data.

    SELECT * FROM "tenten"."public".solar WHERE orbits = 'jupiter'