A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

• SELECT
• INTO
• FROM
• JOIN
• WHERE
• GROUP BY
• HAVING
• UNION
• ORDER BY
• LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the driver:

SELECT {
  [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
  { 
    * 
    | { 
        <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] 
        | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* 
      } [ , ... ] 
  }
  [ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]
  { 
    FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  } [ , ... ]
  [ [  
      INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] } 
    ] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  ] [ ... ] 
  [ WHERE <search_condition> ]
  [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
  [ HAVING <search_condition> ]
  [ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
  [ 
    ORDER BY 
    <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
  ]
  [ 
    LIMIT <expression>
    [ 
      { OFFSET | , }
      <expression> 
    ]
  ] 
}

<expression> ::=
  | <column_reference>
  | @ <parameter> 
  | ?
  | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
  | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> ) 
  | NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> ) 
  | COALESCE ( <expression> , ... ) 
  | CASE <expression>
      WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
    [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
    END 
  | <literal>
  | <sql_function> 

<search_condition> ::= 
  {
    <expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ]
  } [ { AND | OR } ... ] 

Examples

1. Return all columns:
   

   SELECT * FROM WebSearch WHERE SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four' 

2. Rename a column:
   

   SELECT [Title] AS MY_Title FROM WebSearch WHERE SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four' 

3. Cast a column's data as a different data type:
   

   SELECT CAST(AnnualRevenue AS VARCHAR) AS Str_AnnualRevenue FROM WebSearch

4. Search data:
   

   SELECT * FROM WebSearch WHERE SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four'

5. The Google Search APIs support the following operators in the WHERE clause: =, >, >=, <, <=, AND, OR.
   

   SELECT * FROM WebSearch WHERE SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four';

6. Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM WebSearch  WHERE SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four' 

7. Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Title) FROM WebSearch  WHERE SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four' 

8. Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT DISTINCT Title FROM WebSearch  WHERE SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four' 

9. Summarize data:
   

   SELECT Title, MAX(AnnualRevenue) FROM WebSearch WHERE SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four'  GROUP BY Title

   See Aggregate Functions for details.
10. Retrieve data from multiple tables.
    

    SELECT Customers.ContactName, Orders.OrderDate FROM Customers, Orders WHERE Customers.CustomerId=Orders.CustomerId

    See JOIN Queries for details.
11. Sort a result set in ascending order:
    

    SELECT DisplayLink, Title FROM WebSearch  WHERE SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four'  ORDER BY Title ASC

12. Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:
    

    SELECT DisplayLink, Title FROM WebSearch WHERE SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four'  LIMIT 10 

13. Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.
    

    SELECT * FROM WebSearch WHERE SearchTerms = @param

See Explicitly Caching Data for information on using the SELECT statement in offline mode.

Pseudo Columns

Some input-only fields are available in SELECT statements. These fields, called pseudo columns, do not appear as regular columns in the results, yet may be specified as part of the WHERE clause. You can use pseudo columns to access additional features from Google Search.

    SELECT * FROM WebSearch WHERE Pseudo = '@Pseudo' AND SearchTerms = 'Fantastic Four'