Cmdlets for Jira

Build 24.0.9060

Establishing a Connection

With the CData Cmdlets users can install a data module, set the connection properties, and start scripting. This section provides examples of using our JIRA Cmdlets with native PowerShell cmdlets, like the CSV import and export cmdlets.

Installing and Connecting

If you have PSGet, installing the cmdlets can be accomplished from the PowerShell Gallery with the following command. You can also obtain a setup from the CData site. 

Install-Module JIRACmdlets

The following line is then added to your profile, loading the cmdlets on the next session: 

Import-Module JIRACmdlets;

You can then use the Connect-JIRA cmdlet to create a connection object that can be passed to other cmdlets: 

$conn = Connect-JIRA -User 'admin' -APIToken '123abc' -Url 'https://yoursitename.atlassian.net'

Connecting to Jira

To connect set the URL to your Jira endpoint; for example, https://yoursitename.atlassian.net.

Accessing Custom Fields

By default the cmdlet surfaces only system fields. To access the custom fields for Issues, either set IncludeCustomFields to true, or extend the cmdlet schemas to configure access to custom fields. (See Custom Fields.) Note that the server response time can be significantly slower when custom fields are included.

Authenticating to Jira

Jira supports authentication via either a Personal Access Token or OAuth 2.0.

Personal Access Token (PAT)

PATs are a secure way to authenticate to Jira, acting as a safe alternative to authenticating with a username and password. The advantage of authentication via PAT is that if the system is ever compromised, the administrator can revoke existing tokens immediately. This avoids the need to change the access password in all scripts and integrations.

PATs are created by each individual user. When created, they automatically have the same permissions level as the user. Users can create a PAT either via their Atlassian Settings menu, or using a REST API.

From the Atlassian application:

  1. Select the profile picture at the top right of the screen. Jira displays a drop-down list.
  2. Choose Settings >Profile.
  3. At the left panel, select Personal Access Tokens
  4. Click Create token
  5. Give the new token a name.
  6. If desired, set the token to automatically expire after a certain number of days. (Atlassian displays a reminder message five days before the token actually expires, which gives the user time to create a new token.)
  7. Click Create.

The personal token displays. It cannot be viewed or retrieved after creation, so be sure to copy the token now and store it in a safe place.

Now set the following Jira cmdlet properties:

  • AuthScheme = PAT
  • PAT = the value of the generated Personal Access Token.

Note: PATs can also be created using the REST API. For further information, see Jira's documentation on Creating PATs at https://confluence.atlassian.com/enterprise/using-personal-access-tokens-1026032365.html.

OAuth 2.0

You can leverage Jira's "three-legged" OAuth 2.0 support (3LO) to connect to data without providing your login credentials.

The following procedures assume that AuthScheme has been set to OAuth in all OAuth flows.

Desktop Applications

CData provides an embedded OAuth application that simplifies OAuth desktop Authentication. Alternatively, you can create a custom OAuth application. See Creating a Custom OAuth Application for information about creating custom applications and reasons for doing so.

After setting the following, you are ready to connect:

  • InitiateOAuth: Set this to GETANDREFRESH. You can use InitiateOAuth to avoid repeating the OAuth exchange and manually setting the OAuthAccessToken.
  • OAuthClientId (custom applications only): Set this to the client Id assigned when you registeredcation.
  • OAuthClientSecret (custom applications only): Set this to the client secret assigned when you registered your application.
  • CallbackURL (custom applications only): Set this to the redirect URI defined when you registered your application.
  • Url (custom applications only): Set this to the URL to your Jira endpoint, for example, https://yoursitename.atlassian.net.
  • OAuthVersion (custom applications only): Set this to 2.0.
When you connect, the cmdlet opens Jira's OAuth endpoint in your default browser. Log in and grant permissions to the application. The cmdlet refreshes the access token automatically when it expires.

Headless Machines

To configure the driver to use OAuth with a user account on a headless machine, you need to authenticate on another device that has an internet browser.

  1. Choose one of two options:
    • Option 1: Obtain the OAuthVerifier value as described in "Obtain and Exchange a Verifier Code" below.
    • Option 2: Install the cmdlet on a machine with an internet browser and transfer the OAuth authentication values after you authenticate through the usual browser-based flow, as described in "Transfer OAuth Settings" below.
  2. Then configure the cmdlet to automatically refresh the access token on the headless machine.

Option 1: Obtain and Exchange a Verifier Code

To obtain a verifier code, you must authenticate at the OAuth authorization URL.

Follow the steps below to authenticate from the machine with an internet browser and obtain the OAuthVerifier connection property.

  1. Choose one of these options:
    • If you are using the Embedded OAuth Application, call the GetOAuthAuthorizationURL stored procedure. Open the URL returned by the stored procedure in a browser.
    • If you are using a custom OAuth application, set the following properties:
      • InitiateOAuth: Set to OFF.
      • OAuthClientId: Set to the client Id assigned when you registered your application.
      • OAuthClientSecret: Set to the client secret assigned when you registered your application.
      • OAuthVersion: Set to 2.0.
      Then call the GetOAuthAuthorizationURL stored procedure with the appropriate CallbackURL. Open the URL returned by the stored procedure in a browser.
  2. Log in and grant permissions to the cmdlet. You are then redirected to the redirect URI. There is a parameter called code appended to the redirect URI. Note the value of this parameter. Later you need this to set the OAuthVerifier connection property.
Next, you need to exchange the OAuth verifier code for OAuth refresh and access tokens.

On the headless machine, set the following connection properties to obtain the OAuth authentication values:

  • InitiateOAuth: Set this to REFRESH.
  • OAuthVerifier: Set this to the noted verifier code (the value of the code parameter in the redirect URI).
  • OAuthClientId: (custom applications only) Set this to the client Id in your custom OAuth application settings.
  • OAuthClientSecret: (custom applications only) Set this to the client secret in the custom OAuth application settings.
  • OAuthSettingsLocation: Set this to persist the encrypted OAuth authentication values to the specified location.

Test the connection to generate the OAuth settings file, then re-set the following properties to connect:

  • InitiateOAuth: Set this to REFRESH.
  • OAuthClientId: (custom applications only) Set this to the client Id assigned when you registered your application.
  • OAuthClientSecret: (custom applications only) Set this to the client secret assigned when you registered your application.
  • OAuthSettingsLocation: Set this to the location containing the encrypted OAuth authentication values. Make sure this location gives read and write permissions to the cmdlet to enable the automatic refreshing of the access token.

Option 2: Transfer OAuth Settings

Prior to connecting on a headless machine, you need to install and create a connection with the driver on a device that supports an internet browser. Set the connection properties as described in "Desktop Applications" above.

After completing the instructions in "Desktop Applications", the resulting authentication values are encrypted and written to the location specified by OAuthSettingsLocation. The default filename is OAuthSettings.txt.

Test the connection to generate the OAuth settings file, then copy the OAuth settings file to your headless machine.

On the headless machine, set the following connection properties to connect to data:

  • InitiateOAuth: Set this to REFRESH.
  • OAuthClientId: (custom applications only) Set this to the client Id assigned when you registered your application.
  • OAuthClientSecret: (custom applications only) Set this to the client secret assigned when you registered your application.
  • OAuthSettingsLocation: Set this to the location of the OAuth settings file you copied from the machine with the browser. Make sure this location gives read and write permissions to the cmdlet to enable the automatic refreshing of the access token.

OAuth 1.0

DEPRICATED: OAuth 1.0a is a deprecated authentication protocol and should not be used in Jira Cloud. You can use the OAuth 2.0 version by setting the OAuthClientId along with the OAuthAccessToken connection property.
To connect to Jira you have to follow the steps below:

  1. Generate an RSA public/private key pair. In your terminal, run the following commands: 
    -openssl genrsa -out jira_privatekey.pem 1024
-openssl req -newkey rsa:1024 -x509 -key jira_privatekey.pem -out jira_publickey.cer -days 365
-openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -nocrypt -in jira_privatekey.pem -out jira_privatekey.pcks8
-openssl x509 -pubkey -noout -in jira_publickey.cer  -out jira_publickey.pem
  2. Create application links in your account. Go to Settings > Applications > Application links.
  3. Enter a test URL for the url field, click Create new link.
  4. Ignore the error and click continue. You need only configure incoming calls (from the application to Jira).
  5. In the Link applications window, filling in the fields is optional, since they are not relevant to this task. But make sure to select Create incoming link. Click Continue. to go to the next page.
  6. Fill in the required fields:
    • Consumer Key: Use any string you want. This is required for the OAuthClientId connection property.
    • Consumer Name: Use any string you want.
    • Public key: Enter the key from the jira_publickey.pem file you generated earlier.
  7. Click Continue.
To connect set the following properties:

  • URL (for example: https://yoursitename.atlassian.net).
  • OAuthClientId to the Consumer Key of your application.
  • OAuthClientSecret to any value (such as 'testClientSecret').
  • CertificateStore to the location of your private key file.
  • CertificateStoreType to the appropriate option based on the private key file being used. If using the generated PEM key file, set CertificateStoreType to PEMKEY_FILE.
  • InitiateOAuth to GETANDREFRESH.

API Token

You can establish a connection to any Jira Cloud account by setting the AuthScheme to APIToken and providing the User and APIToken.
An API token is necessary for basic authentication to Cloud instances. To generate one, log in to your Atlassian account and navigate to Security > Create and manage API tokens > Create API token. The generated token will be displayed.

Basic

You can establish a connection to any Jira Server instance by setting the AuthScheme to Basic. To connect to a Server Instance provide the User and Password.
(Note: Password has been deprecated for connecting to a Cloud Account and is now used only to connect to a Server Instance.)

LDAP

You can establish a connection to any Jira Server instance by setting the AuthScheme to LDAP. Additionally provide the URL, User and Password of the Jira instance. (Note: LDAP Authentication is not currently supported for Cloud accounts.)

Crowd

Set the AuthScheme to Crowd, then configure these connection properties:

  • User: The CROWD user account.
  • Password: The password associated with the Crowd account.
  • SSOLoginURL: The login URL associated with the Crowd account. You can find the IDP URL by navigating to your application > SSO > SSO information > Identity provider single sign-on URL.
  • SSOAppName: The name of the application in which SSO is enabled.
  • SSOAppPassword: The password of the application in which SSO is enabled.
  • SSOExchangeUrl: The URL used used to exchange the SAML token for Jira cookies. This URL may have the following formats:
    • https://<authority of Jira instance>/plugins/servlet/samlconsumer
    • https://<authority of Jira instance>/plugins/servlet/samlsso

Example connection string: 

AuthScheme=Crowd;Url=https://yoursitename.atlassian.net;SSOLoginURL='https://<authority>/crowd/console/secure/saml/sso.action';User=crowdUserName;Password=crowdPassword;SSOExchangeUrl=https://<authority of Jira instance>/plugins/servlet/samlconsumer;SSOAppName=CrowdAppName;SSOAppPassword=CrowdAppPassword;

Okta

To connect to Okta, set the AuthScheme to Okta, and set these properties:

  • User: The Okta user.
  • Password: The Okta user's password.
  • SSOLoginURL: The SSO provider's login URL.
  • SSOExchangeUrl: The URL used used to exchange the SAML token for Jira cookies. This URL may have the following formats:
    • https://<authority of Jira instance>/plugins/servlet/samlconsumer
    • https://<authority of Jira instance>/plugins/servlet/samlsso

If you are using a trusted application or proxy that overrides the Okta client request OR configuring MFA, you must use combinations of SSOProperties to authenticate using Okta. Set any of the following, as applicable:

  • APIToken: When authenticating a user via a trusted application or proxy that overrides the Okta client request context, set this to the API Token the customer created from the Okta organization.
  • MFAType: If you have configured the MFA flow, set this to one of the following supported types: OktaVerify, Email, or SMS.
  • MFAPassCode: If you have configured the MFA flow, set this to a valid passcode.
    If you set this to empty or an invalid value, the cmdlet issues a one-time password challenge to your device or email. After the passcode is received, reopen the connection where the retrieved one-time password value is set to the MFAPassCode connection property.
  • MFARememberDevice: True by default. Okta supports remembering devices when MFA is required. If remembering devices is allowed according to the configured authentication policies, the cmdlet sends a device token to extend MFA authentication lifetime. If you do not want MFA to be remembered, set this variable to False.

Example connection string: 

AuthScheme=Okta;Url=https://yoursitename.atlassian.net;SSOLoginURL='https://example.okta.com/home/appType/0bg4ivz6cJRZgCz5d6/46';User=oktaUserName;Password=oktaPassword;SSOExchangeUrl=https://<authority of Jira instance>/plugins/servlet/samlconsumer;

Retrieving Data

The Select-JIRA cmdlet provides a native PowerShell interface for retrieving data: 

$results = Select-JIRA -Connection $conn -Table "Projects" -Columns @("Key, Name") -Where "Id='10000'"
The Invoke-JIRA cmdlet provides an SQL interface. This cmdlet can be used to execute an SQL query via the Query parameter.

Piping Cmdlet Output

The cmdlets return row objects to the pipeline one row at a time. The following line exports results to a CSV file: 

Select-JIRA -Connection $conn -Table Projects -Where "Id = '10000'" | Select -Property * -ExcludeProperty Connection,Table,Columns | Export-Csv -Path c:\myProjectsData.csv -NoTypeInformation

You will notice that we piped the results from Select-JIRA into a Select-Object cmdlet and excluded some properties before piping them into an Export-CSV cmdlet. We do this because the CData Cmdlets append Connection, Table, and Columns information onto each row object in the result set, and we do not necessarily want that information in our CSV file.

However, this makes it easy to pipe the output of one cmdlet to another. The following is an example of converting a result set to JSON: 

 
PS C:\> $conn  = Connect-JIRA -User 'admin' -APIToken '123abc' -Url 'https://yoursitename.atlassian.net'
PS C:\> $row = Select-JIRA -Connection $conn -Table "Projects" -Columns (Key, Name) -Where "Id = '10000'" | select -first 1
PS C:\> $row | ConvertTo-Json
{
  "Connection":  {

  },
  "Table":  "Projects",
  "Columns":  [

  ],
  "Key":  "MyKey",
  "Name":  "MyName"
}

Deleting Data

The following line deletes any records that match the criteria: 

Select-JIRA -Connection $conn -Table Projects -Where "Id = '10000'" | Remove-JIRA

Modifying Data

The cmdlets make data transformation easy as well as data cleansing. The following example loads data from a CSV file into Jira, checking first whether a record already exists and needs to be updated instead of inserted. 

Import-Csv -Path C:\MyProjectsUpdates.csv | %{
  $record = Select-JIRA -Connection $conn -Table Projects -Where ("Id = `'"+$_.Id+"`'")
  if($record){
    Update-JIRA -Connection $conn -Table Projects -Columns @("Key","Name") -Values @($_.Key, $_.Name) -Where "Id  = `'$_.Id`'"
  }else{
    Add-JIRA -Connection $conn -Table Projects -Columns @("Key","Name") -Values @($_.Key, $_.Name)
  }
}

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Build 24.0.9060