A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

• SELECT
• INTO
• FROM
• JOIN
• WHERE
• GROUP BY
• HAVING
• UNION
• ORDER BY
• LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the driver:

SELECT {
  [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
  { 
    * 
    | { 
        <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] 
        | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* 
      } [ , ... ] 
  }
  [ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]
  { 
    FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  } [ , ... ]
  [ [  
      INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] } 
    ] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  ] [ ... ] 
  [ WHERE <search_condition> ]
  [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
  [ HAVING <search_condition> ]
  [ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
  [ 
    ORDER BY 
    <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
  ]
  [ 
    LIMIT <expression>
    [ 
      { OFFSET | , }
      <expression> 
    ]
  ] 
} | SCOPE_IDENTITY() 

<expression> ::=
  | <column_reference>
  | @ <parameter> 
  | ?
  | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
  | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> ) 
  | NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> ) 
  | COALESCE ( <expression> , ... ) 
  | CASE <expression>
      WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
    [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
    END 
  | <literal>
  | <sql_function> 

<search_condition> ::= 
  {
    <expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ]
  } [ { AND | OR } ... ] 

Examples

1. Return all columns:
   

   SELECT * FROM MarketingCampaigns

2. Rename a column:
   

   SELECT [Subject] AS MY_Subject FROM MarketingCampaigns

3. Cast a column's data as a different data type:
   

   SELECT CAST(SuppressionGroupId AS VARCHAR) AS Str_SuppressionGroupId FROM MarketingCampaigns

4. Search data:
   

   SELECT * FROM MarketingCampaigns WHERE Id = '17693'

5. Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM MarketingCampaigns 

6. Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Subject) FROM MarketingCampaigns 

7. Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT DISTINCT Subject FROM MarketingCampaigns 

8. Summarize data:
   

   SELECT Subject, MAX(SuppressionGroupId) FROM MarketingCampaigns GROUP BY Subject

   See Aggregate Functions for details.
9. Retrieve data from multiple tables.
   

   SELECT Recipients.Email, Lists.Name FROM Recipients, Lists WHERE Recipients.ListId=Lists.Id

   See JOIN Queries for details.
10. Sort a result set in ascending order:
    

    SELECT Title, Subject FROM MarketingCampaigns  ORDER BY Subject ASC

11. Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:
    

    SELECT Title, Subject FROM MarketingCampaigns LIMIT 10 

12. Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.
    

    SELECT * FROM MarketingCampaigns WHERE Id = @param

See Explicitly Caching Data for information on using the SELECT statement in offline mode.

Pseudo Columns

Some input-only fields are available in SELECT statements. These fields, called pseudo columns, do not appear as regular columns in the results, yet may be specified as part of the WHERE clause. You can use pseudo columns to access additional features from SendGrid.

    SELECT * FROM MarketingCampaigns WHERE Pseudo = '@Pseudo'