A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses.

• SELECT
• INTO
• FROM
• JOIN
• WHERE
• GROUP BY
• HAVING
• UNION
• ORDER BY
• LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the driver:

SELECT {
  [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
  { 
    * 
    | { 
        <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] 
        | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* 
      } [ , ... ] 
  }
  [ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]
  { 
    FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  } [ , ... ]
  [ [  
      INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] } 
    ] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  ] [ ... ] 
  [ WHERE <search_condition> ]
  [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
  [ HAVING <search_condition> ]
  [ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
  [ 
    ORDER BY 
    <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
  ]
  [ 
    LIMIT <expression>
    [ 
      { OFFSET | , }
      <expression> 
    ]
  ] 
} | SCOPE_IDENTITY() 

<expression> ::=
  | <column_reference>
  | @ <parameter> 
  | ?
  | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
  | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> ) 
  | NULLIF ( <expression> , <expression> ) 
  | COALESCE ( <expression> , ... ) 
  | CASE <expression>
      WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
    [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
    END 
  | <literal>
  | <sql_function> 

<search_condition> ::= 
  {
    <expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR | CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ]
  } [ { AND | OR } ... ] 

Examples

1. Return all columns:
   

   SELECT * FROM ItemListing

2. Rename a column:
   

   SELECT [Title] AS MY_Title FROM ItemListing

3. Cast a column's data as a different data type:
   

   SELECT CAST(MinimumBestOfferPrice AS VARCHAR) AS Str_MinimumBestOfferPrice FROM ItemListing

4. Search data:
   

   SELECT * FROM ItemListing WHERE AdminEndedItemsOnly = 'true'

5. Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM ItemListing 

6. Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Title) FROM ItemListing 

7. Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
   

   SELECT DISTINCT Title FROM ItemListing 

8. Summarize data:
   

   SELECT Title, MAX(MinimumBestOfferPrice) FROM ItemListing GROUP BY Title

   See Aggregate Functions for details.
9. Retrieve data from multiple tables.
   
   See JOIN Queries for details.
10. Sort a result set in ascending order:
    

    SELECT HitCount, Title FROM ItemListing  ORDER BY Title ASC

11. Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:
    

    SELECT HitCount, Title FROM ItemListing LIMIT 10 

12. Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.
    

    SELECT * FROM ItemListing WHERE AdminEndedItemsOnly = @param

See Explicitly Caching Data for information on using the SELECT statement in offline mode.

Pseudo Columns

Some input-only fields are available in SELECT statements. These fields, called pseudo columns, do not appear as regular columns in the results, yet may be specified as part of the WHERE clause. You can use pseudo columns to access additional features from eBay.

    SELECT * FROM ItemListing WHERE Pseudo = '@Pseudo'